火焰原子吸收法测定水中的总铬

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中总铬,乙炔流量100L/h、燃烧头高度为9mm、狭缝宽度0.2 nm时,灵敏度和重现性最好.1 mg/L铬溶液中盐酸含量5％、氯化铵含量0.5％时,吸光度较高,相对标准偏差最低.该方法操作简便,灵敏度好,精确度和准确度高,便于推广,适合水中总铬的测定.     

汞分析仪直接测定土壤中总汞的方法研究

建立了利用RP91C-RA915M汞分析仪直接测定土壤中总汞的方法。该方法直接固体进样,省去了常规方法加酸消解、赶酸、定容等繁琐的前处理步骤;利用标准土壤绘制工作曲线,无需反复稀释标准储备液配制标准溶液,测定了方法检出限、精密度及准确度。结果表明此方法准确、可靠,是一个比较理想的分析方法。本方法的检出限为0.25μg/kg,相对标准偏差为1.98%~4.92%,标准样品测定准确,加标回收率为92.8%~106%。     

黑龙江省平水期地表水总磷构成的研究

通过对黑龙江省平水期地表水总磷监测结果分析,探讨地表水总磷的构成、成因;提出了从源头治理地表水总磷污染建议。     

Amygdalin in bitter and sweet seeds of apricots

Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) poisoning due to amygdalin (AMY) in apricot seeds is one of the public health issues in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate the AMY content of 13 different apricot seeds including bitter and sweet ones, and which are either sulfurized or roasted. The AMY content was determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography. Release of HCN was predicted and total amount of seeds which can cause poisoning was calculated. The mean AMY content of bitter seeds was 26 ± 14 mg g^?1 and that of sweet seeds was 0.16 ± 0.09 mg g^?1. The consumption of small amounts of bitter seeds may cause cyanide poisoning.     

分级循环—生化法处理煤造气含氰废水

将含有大量悬浮物的洗气箱废水进行初级沉降后，约３／４的废水返回洗气箱用作洗涤水，其余的与洗气塔废水混合进地沉降池去除悬浮物，上清液送至生物滤池进行生化处理去除含氰人合物其他有机物。生化出水经絮凝、澄清后回用于洗气箱和洗气塔实现了废水闭路循环。他     

氰化物测定机理的研究

研究了酒石酸-硝酸锌法提取易释放氰化物，磷酸-EDTA提取总氰的机理；对异烟酸-吡唑啉酮光度法测定氰化物的条件作了探讨。     

化学事故救援方舱舱室环境安全性模拟研究

运用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,对具有超压防护功能的某化学事故应急救援手术方舱室内气体污染物运动扩散的规律以及对人员安全的影响进行了数值模拟,其研究结果表明:当大气环境中氢氰酸(HCN)浓度为5mg/L时,前10s从常规进风口进入舱室的HCN在滤毒通风装置开启后,随气流运动逐渐向整个舱室扩散,经净化空气的混合稀释作用,绝大部分通过舱体缝隙排出舱室,30min内舱室HCN浓度的总量下降了95.1%,说明超压防护很好地保证了舱室环境的安全性。     

Time series in M dimensions: The one-dimensional case: Pollution in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal

A nonstationary time-series model is used to examine the changes occurring at sampling stations on the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. Using data from upstream sampling sites, downstream levels of dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, nitrates and nitrites, and ammonia are accurately predicted. The method is simple, insensitive to extreme values, and responsive to changes in the system.     

Mercury levels and estimated total daily intakes for children and adults from an electronic waste recycling area in Taizhou, China: Key role of rice and fish consumption

In order to assess the potential health risks of Hg pollution, total mercury (T–Hg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations were determined in air, dust, surface soil, crops, poultry, fish and human hair samples from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling area in Taizhou, China. High concentrations of T–Hg and MeHg were found in these multiple matrices, and the mean concentration was 30.7 ng/m³ of T–Hg for atmosphere samples, 3.1 μg/g of T–Hg for soil, 37.6 μg/g of T–Hg for dust, 20.3 ng/g of MeHg for rice and 178.1 ng/g of MeHg for fish, suggesting that the e-waste recycling facility was a significant source of Hg. The inorganic Hg (I–Hg) levels (0.84 μg/g) in hair samples of e-waste workers were much higher than that in the reference samples. Pearson''s correlation coefficients showed that strong positive correlations (p < 0.01) between hair I–Hg and time staying in industrial area (r = 0.81) and between MeHg and fish consumption frequency (r = 0.91), imply that workers were mainly exposed to Hg vapor through long-time inhalation of contaminated air and dust, while other population mainly exposed to MeHg through high-frequency fish consumption. The estimated daily intakes of Hg showed that dietary intake was the major Hg exposure source, and Hg intakes from rice and fish were significantly higher than from any other foods. The estimated total daily intakes (TDIs) of MeHg for both children (696.8 ng/(kg·day)) and adults (381.3 ng/(kg·day)) greatly exceeded the dietary reference dose (RfD) of 230 ng/(kg·day), implying greater health risk for humans from Hg exposures around e-waste recycling facilities.     

珠三角表层沉积物的有机碳及其与卤系阻燃剂的关系

测定了珠江三角洲130个表层沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)和10类卤系阻燃剂(HFRs)的含量,并探讨了TOC与HFRs之间的关系.结果表明:珠三角表层沉积物TOC范围为0.16％～5.76％,平均值为1.25％,呈现明显的空间变化.在工业化程度较高的东莞和广州,沉积物中HFRs与TOC有显著的相关性,而西江和珠江口沉积物中HFRs与TOC的相关性较差,可能与珠江三角洲水动力过程、电子垃圾拆解活动和HFRs不同的来源有关.