淀浦河水体中氨氮、总氮和总磷污染变化趋势及相关性分析

根据2005年至2011年的监测结果,分析了淀浦河中下游河段的氨氮、总氮和总磷近几年污染变化趋势,并探讨了氨氮、总氮和总磷的相关性。结果表明,淀浦河总氮和总磷的年均浓度均超过水体富营养化的临界浓度,水体富营养化严重。氨氮、总氮和总磷相互之间存在显著相关性,可以通过氨氮、总氮和总磷中某一参数的测定,确定其他两个参数的数值范围,进而确定测定时的稀释倍数,有利于提高监测效率。     

油田化工污水中总氰化物的检测

采用在线蒸馏-流动注射分析法检测大庆油田化工污水中总氰化物。分析流速和温度对流动注射仪检测结果的影响,得出结论:载流流速为1.8mL/min,显色剂流速在1.3mL/min,缓冲溶液流速稳定在1.6mL/min时,分析精度最好;显色反应在60℃以下进行时,可以消除温度差异对检测结果的干扰。该方法适用于油田化工废水中总氰化物的检测。     

水中总有机碳测定方法研究进展

本文对总有机碳（TOC）测定的原理、常用的氧化方法、检测技术、TOC与COD的相关性等作了较全面的评述，并指出了TOC目前在应用中存在的一些问题及其研究进展。     

应用数理统计法评价污水去除率

确切的评价污水去除率是界定污水处理效果的依据,本文将数理统计法应用于污水去除率评价中,建立了一种较为科学的定量评价方法,同时还引入了总量监测的内涵.     

建立排污产权交易制度的若干探索

在充分阐述建立排污产权交易制度重要意义和现实可能性的基础上，确定排污产权交易的重点领域与基本原则。运用产权交易的优化配置模型，对排污产权交易在行业、地区、规模和所有制成分间的预期影响进行实证分析，提出加快实施排污产权交易制度的若干政策措施。     

Characterization of arsenic content in marine organisms from temperate, tropical, and polar environments

Arsenic is a widely distributed element which occurs in several chemical forms in the marine environment. Inorganic arsenic mediates the most toxic effects and predominates in sea water and sediments, while organisms generally accumulate non-toxic organic forms to concentrations probably reflecting species-specific characteristics in arsenic metabolism. This work represents an additional contribution to our knowledge on natural levels and chemical speciation of arsenic in marine organisms; basal concentrations were characterized in several species (bivalves, crustaceans, and fishes) from different environments (polar, temperate, and tropical latitudes), and results revealed an elevated variability with values ranging from less than 5 to about 200 μg g^-1. No significant effects were observed as a function of the geographical area, with the only exception of crustaceans always showing more elevated arsenic concentrations in Mediterranean species (about 45-110 μg g^-1) compared with tropical species (lower than 30 μg g^-1). Chemical speciation of arsenic was investigated in representative species from the three studied taxa; the predominance of organic forms confirmed the general tendency of marine organisms to bioaccumulate non-toxic arsenic compounds, probably resulting from a detoxification pathway.     

土壤氰化物污染生物修复技术研究进展

综述了植物修复、微生物修复和生物联合修复等土壤氰化物污染生物修复技术的降解机理、降解途径及降解影响因素的研究进展,探讨了氰化物生物修复技术的发展趋势和应用前景。指出基于提高修复时效和针对土壤复合污染类型的多技术融合研究、基于提高微生物耐受性和降解效率的菌株固定化及菌根真菌-植物联合技术研究以及基于工程化应用为导向的现场试验研究是未来研究的重点领域,为土壤氰化物污染的综合治理和修复提出了新思路。     

Characterization of natural organic matter in water for optimizing water treatment and minimizing disinfection by-product formation

正Introduction Natural organic matter(NOM)present in source water has significant impact on water treatment processes and on the quality of drinking water.NOM is a complex mixture of diverse groups of organic compounds,humic and fulvic acids,proteins,peptides,carbohydrates,and heterogeneous materials     

Enhancing nitrogen removal from low carbon to nitrogen ratio wastewater by using a novel sequencing batch biofilm reactor

Removing nitrogen from wastewater with low chemical oxygen demand/total nitrogen (COD/TN) ratio is a difficult task due to the insufficient carbon source available for denitrification. Therefore, in the present work, a novel sequencing batch biofilm reactor (NSBBR) was developed to enhance the nitrogen removal from wastewater with low COD/TN ratio. The NSBBR was divided into two units separated by a vertical clapboard. Alternate feeding and aeration was performed in the two units, which created an anoxic unit with rich substrate content and an aeration unit deficient in substrate simultaneously. Therefore, the utilization of the influent carbon source for denitrification was increased, leading to higher TN removal compared to conventional SBBR (CSBBR) operation. The results show that the CSBBR removed up to 76.8%, 44.5% and 10.4% of TN, respectively, at three tested COD/TN ratios (9.0, 4.8 and 2.5). In contrast, the TN removal of the NSBBR could reach 81.9%, 60.5% and 26.6%, respectively, at the corresponding COD/TN ratios. Therefore, better TN removal performance could be achieved in the NSBBR, especially at low COD/TN ratios (4.8 and 2.5). Furthermore, it is easy to upgrade a CSBBR into an NSBBR in practice.