蒸馏装置停工过程VOC浓度监测及排放规律

以炼油主要装置——蒸馏装置停工过程VOC排放浓度为监测研究对象,主要对蒸馏装置停工期间含油废水、初馏塔蒸塔、常压塔蒸塔、减压塔蒸塔等废气中VOC排放浓度的监测,研究停工过程中VOC的排放规律,通过掌握其规律,为炼油装置停工期间VOC减排提供帮助和支持。研究结果表明,虽然三塔蒸塔过程VOC污染物种类不同,蒸塔的时间不同,但VOC污染物总排放浓度变化类似。     

中国人为源VOC排放清单不确定性研究

针对采用"排放因子法"构建的中国人为源VOC排放清单,开展了不确定性研究工作.基于排放清单输入信息的准确性和可靠性,构建了活动水平和排放因子的不确定度评估系统,获得了清单输入信息概率密度分布函数.利用Monte Carlo模型将输入信息的不确定度传递到清单的输出值,计算了2005年我国人为源VOC排放概率密度分布函数....     

宁波人为源VOC清单及重点工业行业贡献分析

宁波是我国华东地区的重要工业城市,也是长江三角洲南翼的经济中心.近年来,宁波工业活动的VOC排放及其对空气质量和人体健康的不利影响越来越受到关注.通过收集宁波市各类VOC人为源的活动水平数据,采用"自下而上"的估算方法,建立了宁波地区2010年人为源VOC的排放清单,并进一步分析了宁波市排放VOC的重点工业行业及其贡献大小.研究结果表明,宁波市2010年人为源的VOC排放总量为17.6万t,其中工业源、机动车排放源和居民源是宁波市人为排放VOC的主要来源,分别占总排放量的62.0%、17.2%和15.5%.而在工业源中,合成材料制造业、精炼石油产品制造业是宁波市两个重点VOC排放工业行业,其排放量分别占宁波VOC总量的18.6%和13.1%,反映出石油化工企业对宁波市VOC排放的影响程度.     

LDAR技术在蜡油催化裂化装置的应用

蜡油催化裂化装置生产过程中存在泄漏点,其中泄漏出的VOCs会导致光化学烟雾、雾霾天气和PM2.5值上升。实施挥发性有机物(VOCs)泄漏检测与维修(LDAR)技术,通过紧固螺栓、更换部件、夹具堵漏和包裹环氧树脂等多种手段对这些漏点进行修复之后,装置VOCs泄漏率从1.57%下降至0.35%,效果较好。     

Vertical distribution and temporal evolution of formaldehyde and glyoxal derived from MAX-DOAS observations: The indicative role of VOC sources

Formaldehyde (HCHO) and glyoxal (CHOCHO) are important oxidization intermediates of most volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but their vertical evolution in urban areas is not well understood. Vertical profiles of HCHO, CHOCHO, and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) were retrieved from ground-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations in Hefei, China. HCHO and CHOCHO vertical profiles prefer to occur at higher altitudes compared to NO₂, which might be caused by the photochemistry-oxidation of longer-lived VOCs at higher altitudes. Monthly means of HCHO concentrations were higher in summer, while enhanced amounts of NO₂ were mainly observed in winter. CHOCHO exhibited a hump-like seasonal variation, with higher monthly-averaged values not only occurred in warm months (July-August) but also in cold months (November-December). Peak values mainly occurred during noon for HCHO but emerged in the morning for CHOCHO and NO₂, suggesting that HCHO is stronger link to photochemistry than CHOCHO. We further use the glyoxal to formaldehyde ratio (GFR) to investigate the VOC sources at different altitudes. The lowest GFR value is almost found in the altitude from 0.2 to 0.4 km, and then rises rapidly as the altitude increases. The GFR results indicate that the largest contributor of the precursor VOC is biogenic VOCs at lower altitudes, while at higher altitudes is anthropogenic VOCs. Our findings provide a lot more insight into VOC sources at vertical direction, but more verification is recommended to be done in the future.