电网基建施工企业事故统计分析及防范对策

某电力工程施工总承包一级资质、综合性大型国有电网基建施工企业,以施工导致人员重伤和死亡的事故资料和数据为基础,运用科学数理统计的原理和方法,着重对事故类型、事故原因以及伤亡人员用工形式等方面特征进行分析,找出事故发生的规律,揭示该企业的安全管理状况。并根据统计分析结果,提出在预防人身安全事故方面需要加强的管理对策和建议,为进一步加强安全管理,防止事故重复发生起到指导作用。     

基于PSR模型的电网基础设施脆弱性评估方法研究

当前我国电力系统安全性评估主要是针对电力系统本身建模和故障分析计算,而对电网基础设施的脆弱性评估目前还没有公认的定义和统一标准。针对电网基础设施,在研究不同领域脆弱性概念的基础上,给出了电网基础设施脆弱性的定义,并在分析比较电网领域及城市基础设施领域脆弱性评估方法的基础上,提出了基于PSR模型的电网基础设施脆弱性评估方法及思路,以某500kV变电站为例,进行脆弱性评估方法的实例验证,通过模型分析计算得出脆弱性指数,并依据标准判定其脆弱性等级为较轻。该方法的研究可为电网基础设施脆弱性评估提供重要的理论基础,可有效指导电网基础设施脆弱性评估工作的开展。     

旋风湿式纤维栅除尘器

根据旋风除尘理论及湿式纤维栅除尘理沦,提出了一种旋风-湿式纤维栅除尘器,并对影响其性能(效率、阻力)的有关参数(旋流入口风速、喷水量等)进行了大量实验。实验结果表明,该旋风-湿式纤维栅除尘器不仅性能优良,并对资源回收利用及污物的后处理提供很多便利。     

发电厂防雷接地网的安全管理

阐述了发电厂防雷接地网可靠性管理的重要性,提出了加强管理的对策和措施。     

基于栅格的土地利用功能变化监测方法

选择黑龙江省哈大齐地区(哈尔滨-大庆-齐齐哈尔)为研究区,把土地利用功能划分为资源功能、生态功能、经济功能和社会功能四项主功能,并进一步细分成资源供给、景观维护、生态防护、环境净化、经济增长、人口承载、居住生活和文化休闲等8项子功能;然后从土地利用、生态环境和社会经济三方面选择指标,研究了1976年和2005年两个时段各指标的空间化方法,并采用层次分析法进行了各土地利用功能的识别, 在千米格网尺度上对土地利用功能变化热点进行了监测,采用相关分析研究了不同土地利用功能之间的消涨关系,实现了土地利用功能的空间化、定量化和动态化研究,其结果可为土地利用功能的协调配置提供参考。     

基于参数化模型优化的喷氨格栅设计方法研究

从喷氨格栅工程设计要求出发,结合数值模拟分析、代理模型技术以及优化设计方法,提出了一套基于参数化模型优化的喷氨格栅设计方法和流程。该方法从工程设计要求的分析入手,根据喷氨格栅几何参数对喷氨特性的影响特点和规律,建立参数化设计数学模型,并通过优化计算最终获得喷氨格栅的最优设计。另外,通过实例计算验证了该设计方法在SCR脱硝系统喷氨格栅设计中的适用性。     

HYSTAR Sediment Model: Distributed Two‐Dimensional Simulation of Watershed Erosion and Sediment Transport Using Time‐Area Routing

An erosion and sediment transport component incorporated in the HYdrology Simulation using Time‐ARea method (HYSTAR) upland watershed model provides grid‐based prediction of erosion, transport and deposition of sediment in a dynamic, continuous, and fully distributed framework. The model represents the spatiotemporally varied flow in sediment transport simulation by coupling the time‐area routing method and sediment transport capacity approach within a grid‐based spatial data model. This avoids the common, and simplistic, approach of using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to estimate erosion rates with a delivery ratio to relate gross soil erosion to sediment yield of a watershed, while enabling us to simulate two‐dimensional sediment transport processes without the complexity of numerical solution of the partial differential governing equations. In using the time‐area method for routing sediment, the model offers a novel alternative to watershed‐scale sediment transport simulation that provides detailed spatial representation. In predicting four‐year sediment hydrographs of a watershed in Virginia, the model provided good performance with R² of 0.82 and 0.78 and relative error of ?35% and 11% using the Yalin and Yang's sediment transport capacity equations, respectively. Prediction of spatiotemporal variation in sediment transport processes was evaluated using maps of sediment transport rates, concentrations, and erosion and deposition mass, which compare well with expected behavior of flow hydraulics and sediment transport processes.     

Optimization of grid tied hybrid power system in smart premises

Tapping of renewable energy sources like solar and wind is given great priority by power producers all over the world. Technical problems of linking them to the grid are solved. The cost constraints of utilizing renewable energy at specific locations are to be determined. In this work, a model is developed for grid tied hybrid power system (HPS) consisting of photovoltaic (PV) module and wind mill at the roof top of smart premises. The grid is capable of delivering and receiving energy. Objective function is formed with constraints taking into account the cost of PV module, wind mill, and grid tied inverter with controller. The constraints are rating of HPS and energy that can be delivered to the grid. Using this model, case studies were conducted in three locations in India, each location having two different demands. The results are presented. With the optimal rating of HPS, results shows that, conventional energy cost is higher.     

氨水还原剂在燃煤锅炉SCR脱硝中的应用

目前氨水作为脱硝还原剂用于燃煤锅炉SCR脱硝国内尚未普遍使用,尤其在大机组上的应用经验较少。通过对实际应用案例的分析,总结了运行经验,为氨水还原剂在大机组SCR的脱硝应用提供参考。     

Variable-density flow in heterogeneous porous media — Laboratory experiments and numerical simulations

Konz, M., Ackerer, P., Younes, A., Huggenberger, P., Zechner, E., 2009a. 2D Stable Layered Laboratory-scale Experiments for Testing Density-coupled Flow Models. Water Resources Research, 45. doi:10.1029/2008WR007118., a series of laboratory-scale 2D tank experiments were conducted and accurately simulated for density driven flow problems on homogeneous porous media. In the present work, we extended the numerical and experimental studies to heterogeneous problems. The heterogeneous porous medium was constructed with a low permeability zone in the centre of the tank and had well-defined parameters and boundary conditions. Concentration distributions were measured in high resolution using a photometric method and an image analysis technique. The numerical model used for the simulations was based on efficient advanced approximations for both spatial and temporal discretizations. The Method Of Lines (MOL) was used to allow higher-order temporal discretization. Three different boundary conditions, corresponding to different localizations of the inflow and the outflow openings at the opposite edges of the tank, were applied to investigate different flow scenarios in the heterogeneous porous medium flow tank. Simulation results of all three density coupled experiments revealed a density-dependent behavior of dispersion. Thus, a reduction of dispersivites was required to obtain a good matching of the experimental data. The high quality of the experiments enabled a detailed testing of numerical variable-density flow codes under heterogeneous conditions. Therefore, the experiments were considered to be reliable benchmark tests.