都匀市区小学校园声环境质量类型变化

2003年都匀市区各小学校园声环境质量状况监测和系统聚类分析结果表明,市区的小学校园声环境质量状况分为清静型、扰闹型、持续吵闹型和断续吵闹型共4种类型。到2012年,这种状况发生了很大的变化,断续吵闹型校园消失,持续吵闹型小学校园的数量则明显增加了。     

兰州市气象要素对大气质量影响力的模拟分析

为了弄清气象要素对大气质量的影响以及大气污染反弹的原因,通过对兰州市冬春之际气象要素对大气质量影响力的模拟分析,建立了气象要素与大气质量间的模拟模型,并应用该模型对兰州市大气污染指数进行预测分析。结果表明,该模型计算精度高,预测结果真实可信,方法可行性好,可用来模拟分析兰州市冬春之际空气污染的成因和动态变化。     

遥感监测土壤湿度综述

遥感技术具有大面积同步观测,时效性、经济性强等特点,为大面积动态监测土壤湿度提供了可能。本文对近年来国内外遥感监测土壤湿度的理论、方法的发展和应用进行了回顾,重点介绍了目前已经比较成熟和广泛应用的基于可见光与热红外波段的植被指数方法以及在干旱、半干旱地区的应用,通过对比分析了各种遥感监测方法的优缺点,指出了土壤湿度遥感监测方法存在的不足,展望了土壤湿度遥感监测方法的发展趋势。     

滤纸法测定悬浮物的干扰及其消除

提出了滤纸法测定悬浮物时，水样的酸碱度，取样量的多少对悬浮物测定有直接的影响。通过实验验证，对于偏酸，偏碱的水样用酸碱中和后再过滤即可消除影响，取样量应根据悬浮物的不同而定。     

用EXCEL进行精密度-偏性分析质控数据处理

利用EXCEL强大的数据处理功能，可以方便地对精密度—偏性分析质控数据进行处理，具有较高的推广价值。     

乌鲁木齐市餐饮业油烟污染的调查及防治初探

通过对乌鲁木齐市20家餐饮业油烟污染的调查分析，结果表明，乌鲁木齐市餐饮业油烟污染严重，并提出了防治措施。     

Hydraulic fracturing as an interpretive policy problem: lessons on energy controversies in Europe and the U.S.A.

This special issue addresses hydraulic fracturing for shale gas extraction as an interpretive policy problem. Bringing together empirical cases from the U.S.A., the Netherlands, the U.K., Poland, and Germany, we identify three approaches to the interpretation of hydraulic fracturing in the article: understanding its meaning, contextual explanation of the institutionalization of its meaning, and policy design as intervention to alter its meaning. By exploring differences and similarities across these cases, we identified two central tensions in the meaning of shale gas in all cases: (1) economic opportunity or environmental threat and (2) transition toward a more carbon-free energy future or perpetuation of a fossil fuel system. We found that when actors shift the meaning of hydraulic fracturing to consider it predominantly an issue of threat, this explains the dominance of risk governance as an approach to managing the controversy. Alternately, when the meaning of fracking shifts from consideration as an economic opportunity or a bridge fuel to consideration of it as a barrier to an energy transition, this explains the decision to ban fracking. Therefore, a comparative assessment of the papers demonstrates the ways interpretive dimensions of politics can influence the governance of public policy.     

Techno-economic and environmental analysis of an integrated standalone hybrid solar hydrogen system to supply CCHP loads of a greenhouse in Iran

The techno-economic and environmental performance of hybrid solar hydrogen energy systems was investigated to provide combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) demands of a standalone greenhouse in Iran to achieve sustainable agriculture based on an optimization procedure. From the environmental point of view, by deploying hybrid energy systems, 83%, to 100% of emissions can be avoided. Also a sensitivity analysis was performed on the hybrid energy systems in order to study the effect of major parameter variation on the systems justification. It was concluded that hybrid solar systems are economically competitive with conventional systems, for high solar intensity locations with high diesel fuel prices and decreased prices for PV and hydrogen storage technology.     

水热法制备BiVO4及其可见光催化降解糖蜜酒精废水

以Bi(NO3)3•5H2O为铋源,NH4VO3为钒源,采用简单的水热法制备了BiVO4 光催化剂,并用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(IR)和紫外-可见光漫反射光谱(UV-vis)对产品进行了结构表征。同时,在BiVO4光催化降解糖蜜酒精废水反应中考察了催化剂用量、通氧量、溶液pH值、双氧水用量及光照强度对糖蜜酒精废水脱色率的影响。实验结果表明,水热产品属于单斜晶系BiVO4,其带隙能为2.398 eV,并具有良好的可见光催化活性。当降解经30倍稀释的糖蜜酒精废水,BiVO4添加量为3.0 g•L−1 ,通氧量为120 L•h-1,助氧化剂H2O2添加量为9 %,不改变废水pH值,在400W镝灯离液面11cm照射反应180 min的条件下,糖蜜酒精废水的脱色率为88.60 %,COD去除率为25.84%,而添加5g•L−1的FeSO4•7H2O后其脱色率和COD去除率分别提高到90.90 %和91.26%。单斜晶型BiVO4晶体的可见光催化糖蜜酒精废水过程符合一级动力学反应。     

天津地区集装箱内部低温环境条件研究

以天津地区冬季采用集装箱储存货物为背景,在天津对集装箱内部温度和大气温度等数据进行测试,对数据进行回归分析后,建立集装箱内部温度模型,预测出该地区集装箱内部最恶劣的低温极值范围,为危险货物集装箱安全储运提供理论依据,并提出了相应的对策及建议。