大伙房水库上游暴雨径流污染特征分析

为研究大伙房水库上游暴雨径流污染特征,2010年对大伙房水库上游3条主要入库河流暴雨径流情况下的水量、水质进行了连续监测,结果表明：污染物浓度值与暴雨径流量的峰值基本保持一致。     

大朝山水电站库区污染成因及防治对策

就大朝山水电站库区水环境状况及其成因进行了分析,探讨了控制污染对策。     

大伙房水库表层沉积物重金属污染分析与评价

辽河流域大伙房水库是抚顺、沈阳两市重要的生活饮用水水源地,因其汇水区内的矿山开采活动而面临严重的重金属污染问题.为了解该区域的重金属污染状况,对大伙房水库表层沉积物中重金属Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量及空间分布进行了研究,并采用地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法及基于多方的沉积物质量基准法对水库重金属污染程度及潜在...     

A new method of inhibiting pollutant release from source water reservoir sediment by adding chemical stabilization agents combined with water-lifting aerator

A new method of adding chemical stabilization agents combined with water-lifting aerator can inhibit pollutant release from source water reservoir sediment effectively.     

调蓄水库细菌群落季节变化特征与影响因素

为探究调蓄水库水体细菌群落的季节变化特征与影响因素.以引黄济青工程的唯一调蓄水库——青岛棘洪滩水库为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术,结合水质分析指标,探究细菌群落结构以及与环境因子的关系.结果表明,细菌群落多样性和丰富度夏季最高,冬季最低,进水口高于出水口.细菌群落结构组成春季与冬季相似,夏季与秋季相似.Actinobacteriota(6.63%～57.38%)、 Proteobacteria(11.32%～48.60%)、 Bacteroidota(5.05%～25.74%)和Cyanobacteria(0.65%～24.74%)为优势菌门,Chloroflexi、 Dependentiae、 Fusobacteriota和Margulisbacteria相对丰度秋季最高,冬季最低;Patescibacteria和Myxococcota相对丰度夏季最高,冬季最低;Acidobacteria相对丰度春季最高,冬季最低;hgcI＿clade(3.72%～34.66%)、CL500＿29＿marine＿group(0.31%～20.13%)和Limnohabitans(0.16%～10.3...     

水源型水库抗生素抗性基因赋存特征研究

饮用水水源地中抗生素抗性基因会威胁生态安全和人类健康.为了探究抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotic Resistance Genes,ARGs)在金泽水源型水库中的赋存特征,以及水库净化措施对抗生素抗性基因的净化作用,选择微生物活性较高的夏季时期采集水样,采用高通量荧光定量PCR和16S rRNA实时荧光定量PCR进行研究.结果表明,该水库检出62种ARGs;多重抗药类、氨基糖苷类和磺胺类ARGs为水库内占主导的抗性基因.抗生素抗性基因绝对丰度从水库的预处理区至生态净化区,再至输水区呈逐渐降低的趋势,表明水库净化措施对削减ARGs含量有一定作用.抗性基因丰度与可移动基因元件(Mobile Genetic Elements,MGEs)丰度存在显著相关性(p0.05),表明MGEs对ARGs的水平转移、传播和富集具有重要作用.     

The Impact of Dynamic Environmental Flow Releases on Hydropower Production in the Zambezi River Basin

Incorporation of environmental flow releases from reservoirs has proven to be challenging due to fear of losses to existing water uses. Moreover environmental flow requirements (EFR) have not often been operationalized. This study compares the possibility of implementing dynamic EFR based on natural flows lagged against an upstream unregulated gauging point with static EFR. It simulates different scenarios with a high flow release in the wet season and analyses its impacts on hydropower production. This method accounts fully for the natural variability of environmental flows, implying less pressure on existing water uses during relatively dry years. Joint operation of two cascading dams vs. individual operation for EFR was also explored. These approaches were tested for the Zambezi River basin in Southern Africa using a water resources model, WAFLEX. Historic data on reservoir water levels, releases and power generation of the hydropower schemes were synthesized. Combining these yielded a validated series of monthly flow data for a 28 year period (1982‐2010). The results show that Kariba and Cahora Bassa reservoirs face a reduction in power produced when they would annually release an environmental flow. However, the dynamic EFR method entails smaller hydropower losses. Joint environmental flow operations will reduce overall basin power production more than if Cahora Bassa alone would release an environmental flow. However, such joint operation would be more beneficial to the ecosystem.     

Effect and its time lags of water level fluctuations in Three Gorges Reservoir on the macroinvertebrates in a tributary bay北大核心CSCD

In order to study how water level fluctuations (WLF) of reservoir influence the macroinvertebrate in tributary bay, we studied the effect of WLF of the Three Gorges Reservior on macroinvertebrate communities in Xiangxi Bay, and the time lags of such effect, based on the surveys in spring and summer from 2005 to 2010. In this research, WLF was represented by water level drawdown (WLD) and the sum of absolute values of rate of water level fluctuations (RWlf). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between WLF and macroinvertebrates. No significant correlation was found between macroinvertebrates and sum of absolute values of RWLF, while WLD showed significant influence on some biotic parameters. In spring, WLD did not cause significant effect to macroinvertebrates (P > 0.05). In summer, however, the influence was significant, especially in the area of the downstream (XX01 - XX02) of the Xiangxi Bay (P < 0.05). The middle reach of the bay (XX05), located in the conjunction area between Xiangxi Bay and a secondary tributary of the TGR, was also affected significantly (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Tubificidae declined with the increase of the WLF, while abundance of Chironomidae increased. The time lags of the influence to macroinvertebrates were about 15 days. This analysis indicated that WLF in the mainstream of the reservoir mainly influences the downstream of the tributary bay, and also affects the conjunction area of the secondary tributary. Chironomidae are more tolerant than Tubificidae in water-body with dramatic disturbance, therefore can be considered as the indicator of the effect of summer WLF on macroinvertebrates.     

Responses of phytoplankton and periphytic diatoms to environmental factors in a tropical riverine reservoir北大核心CSCD

Riverine reservoirs have a short water retention time, which is ecologically more similar to that of rivers. Generally, phytoplankton-based approaches are used for lakes and periphytic diatom-based approach for rivers. To understand the differences in the responses of phytoplankton and periphytic diatoms to environmental variables for riverine reservoirs, we collected periphytic diatom samples on artificial substrata as well as phytoplankton samples from a tropical reservoir with a resident time less than 10 days. Our results showed that 131 phytoplankton species and 138 periphytic diatoms were detected; the variation of phytoplankton community was mainly reflected by the dominant species with a strong response to the environmental variables at a time scale, whereas the variation of periphytic diatom community was noted in both the species composition and the dominant species, with a strong response at spatial-temporal scales. The multivariate regression analysis and redundancy analysis showed that environmental factors have higher explanations for the variance of the periphytic diatom community (R2 = 0.27). Temperature was the key explanatory variable for phytoplankton, planktonic diatoms and periphytic diatoms (P < 0.01). However, dissolved oxygen and nitrate were also detected as significant explanatory factors associated with periphytic diatom community (P < 0.01). Thus, the periphytic diatoms were concluded to be more sensitive to environmental change and were associated with more environmental variables than phytoplankton. Periphytic diatoms appear to provide more ecological information than phytoplankton for riverine reservoirs. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

气藏型地下储气库完整性管理体系及风险识别

为保证气藏型储气库安全运营,保障天然气储配调峰系统的正常运转,对气藏型储气库进行完整性管理及风险识别.明确气藏型地下储气库完整性管理的对象为地面站场系统、储气库井、地质体3大模块,以地质体完整性管理为气藏型储气库完整性管理的特点及难点,并基于管道完整性管理的理念;提出气藏型储气库完整性管理的6步循环:数据采集,单元识别...