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21.
Fractionation of Cu, Pb and Zn in certified reference soils SRM 2710 and SRM 2711 using the optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Sequential extraction of metals from solid media is a common analytical tool used in environmental and exploration geochemistry. A number of procedures exist, but without harmonization and standardization, meaningful comparisons are tenuous without baseline data. A newly developed, standardized sequential extraction procedure (optimized BCR) was applied to two contaminated certified reference soils from Montana, US (SRM 2710 and SRM 2711) for Cu, Pb and Zn. Four operationally defined fractions were isolated, acid extractable, reducible, oxidizable, and residual (by aqua regia). Fraction-specific concentrations, percentages and recoveries for Cu, Pb and Zn were used to explore differences between the optimized BCR procedure and three other sequential extraction schemes with published data for SRM 2710 and 2711 (i.e. Tessier scheme, Geological Survey of Canada scheme and the original BCR scheme). Results indicate significant differences between the four schemes, even for schemes that are closely associated (i.e. the original and optimized BCR schemes). Order-of-magnitude fraction-specific concentration differences were observed, especially for Pb in the reducible fraction. Differences between schemes are worrisome because trends varied between metals, between fractions and between reference soils. These data reinforce the need for increased adoption of standardized sequential extraction procedures and further examination of different solid media. 相似文献
22.
对石油亚砜(PSO)萃取巯基醋酸的条件和影响进行了实验研究,确定了石油亚砜通过氢键和巯基醋酸形成的萃合物的组成.为从废水中回收巯基醋酸以及石油硫醚的综合利用提供了依据. 相似文献
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大阻力配水系统滤池由于采用穿孔钢管配水 ,而穿孔钢管容易腐蚀、结垢 ,导致孔眼堵塞 ,再若高位水箱反冲强度掌握不当 ,会使承托层和滤料冲洗混乱 ,滤池不能正常运行。针对这一问题 ,湖州市自来水公司与浙江省玉环净化厂联手 ,利用该厂滤板、滤头及有关专利新技术 ,对自来水公司的 6万t/d快速滤池进行改造 ,运行半年来 ,取得了满意的结果。 相似文献
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基于模糊相似关系的土地资源空间分布系统递阶结构模型 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立了土地资源多层次分类体系及分类子体系,用模糊相似矩阵描述了系统各单元的相关关系,通过λ截集矩阵的选择使之转化为表征系统是否相关的0-1矩阵,从而对系统结构模型予以改进,并应用该模型进行土地资源的递阶分类,实现了区域土地资源在地域空间合理分布。 相似文献
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V. Sivakumar V. Ravi Verma P.G. Rao G. Swaminathan 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2007,15(18):1813-1818
Focus on eco-friendly processing techniques makes vegetable tanning a viable option in leather processing and establishes the subsequent need for the more efficient methods of extraction in tannin manufacture. Application of ultrasound has been tried in the extraction of tannins from myrobalan nuts in order to improve the extraction efficiency, to perform the extraction under milder process conditions and to reduce the process time. The influence of process parameters such as ultrasonic output power, time and temperature has been studied. Scale-up trials and the use of ultrasound in pulse mode have also been attempted. The results show that a three- to fivefold improvement is possible with ultrasonic output from 20 to 100 W. Extraction efficiency has been calculated from the maximum extractable materials from myrobalan nuts. Extraction efficiency is found to be 90% for ultrasound, 100 W without external heating as compared to 77% for control process at 70 °C for 4 h. Therefore, ultrasound could be employed even dispensing with provision for temperature controls. The use of ultrasound in pulse mode offered 70% extraction efficiency of continuous mode. Scale-up trials indicate that there exists an optimum ultrasonic output power depending on the amount of nuts used, to achieve better extraction efficiency. The effectiveness of ultrasonically extracted tannin solution has also been tested in the tanning process for its applicability. The degree of tanning efficacy has been assessed by shrinkage temperature measurement. The results indicate that ultrasonically extracted tannin solution is suitable for tanning process. Therefore, application of ultrasound in tannin extract manufacture is a viable option with added advantages. 相似文献
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海域岩土工程勘察因受风浪、潮汐、定位等因素影响,与陆地勘察相比,施工工艺差异较大。本文以深圳西港区(位于珠江口)某航道工程为例,详细介绍其施工工艺,以期对海域勘察工程实施有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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被动扩散技术以其低成本、操作简单、空间覆盖率较高等优点已在西方国家广泛应用于环境空气质量监测与调查,辽宁省环保局通过欧盟项目引进,本技术在葫芦岛市环境空气质量监测应用有4年时间.依据4年环境空气被动扩散管监测基础数据,分析了解葫芦岛市城区大气中NO2时空分布特征:高浓度值出现在交通区,季节上呈现春季明显低于其它季节. 相似文献