Air pollution effects on hospital admissions: a statistical analysis of parallel time series

A statistical model for longitudinal count data is used to examine the potential adverse health effects of ambient air pollution. Daily respiratory admissions to 164 acute care hospitals in Ontario are obtained for the period 1983 to 1988. Estimates of ozone levels in the vicinity of each hospital are determined from air pollution monitoring stations maintained by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Generalized estimating equation methods are used to make inferences about the regression and overdispersion parameters. The admission data display little evidence of serial correlation and extra Poisson variation. However, admission rates vary considerably among hospitals. This latter source of variation needs to be taken into account in examining the effects of air pollution on respiratory health status.     

日本大气污染和控制技术研究进展

本文详细地介绍了日本大气污染现状及其趋势,对主要污染物的污染状况进行了分析。概述了日本几十年来大气污染防治技术研究的进展。对改善燃烧、电子束法、NO_x处理触媒研究、NO_x吸附剂的研究、活性炭法干式脱硫、利用煤炭的干式脱硫、半干式简易脱硫、静电的应用、微生物的应用、电除尘、过滤除尘等大气污染防治技术的研究,做了详细介绍。对目前人们普遍关心的含氟气体排放控制问题进行了探讨。还简要介绍了日本大阪府等地,准备偿试的汽车排气总量控制的研究状况。     

The Danish eulerian hemispheric model — a three-dimensional air pollution model used for the arctic

A three-dimensional Eulerian hemispheric air pollution model, the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM), is in development at the National Environmental Research Institute (NERI). The model has been used to study long-range transport of air pollution in the Northern Hemisphere. The present version of the model includes long-range transport of sulphur dioxide (SO₂) and particulate sulphate (SC₄²⁻. The chemistry in the model is described by a simple linear oxidation of SO₂ to SO₄²⁻, and the wet deposition of SO₂ and SO₄⁻ is estimated based on the amount of precipitation, which is calculated from the contents of liquid cloud water (see Christensen, Air Pollution Modelling and its Applicatioons, Vol. X, pp. 119–127, Vol. XI, pp. 249–256, Plenum press, New York; 1995, Ph.D. thesis, National Environmental Research Institute, Denmark). The model has been used to study the air pollution in the Arctic. Results from yr simulation with an analysis of the results is presented: the model results are verified by comparisons, to measurements not only from the Arctic region but also from Europe and Canada. Some examples of episodes in the Arctic including analysis of the meteorological conditions during the episodes are presented. Finally, the model has been used to estimate the contribution from the different source regions on the northern hemisphere to the Arctic sulphur pollution.     

乙酰丙酮分光光度法测定新装修住宅室内空气中的甲醛

对乙酰丙酮分光光度法测定室内空气中甲醛的方法进行了优化,同时对北京市11户部分新装修居室室内空气中的甲醛含量进行了测定.结果表明,有8户住宅超过了我国室内空气质量标准GB/T18883-2002规定的甲醛最高容许质量浓度0.10 mg/m3.     

南京市“十五”期间环境空气质量状况解析

综述并分析了南京市“十五”期间环境空气质量状况,指出空气中首要污染物仍为可吸入颗粒物.南京市虽然主要工业污染物排放总量继续得到有效控制,部分污染物明显缩减,空气质量有所改善,但酸雨污染依然严重,控制和治理二氧化硫污染已刻不容缓,要采取合理科学规划,加大工业污染治理力度,同时要增强市民自我环境保护意识.     

大西比1000系列环境空气自动监测系统的维护方法和建议

针对DASIBI 1000系列环境空气自动监测系统中常出现的一些故障进行了分析，并提出解决的方案和建议。     

调理剂对CAF污泥浓缩工艺影响的试验研究

涡凹气浮（CAF）已广泛应用于工业废水和城市污水的预处理中.由于污泥本身的特性原因,CAF在污泥处理中尚没有应用.通过试验投加污泥调理剂改变污泥的特性,以达到将CAF工艺用于浓缩活性污泥的目的.试验表明,CAF工艺浓缩低浓度剩余活性污泥效果很好,但正确选择污泥调理剂的投加点和投加量对CAF污泥浓缩工艺至关重要.     

厌氧-气浮-UASB-SBR工艺处理酒精废水

介绍了厌氧-气浮-UASB-SBR处理工艺在酒精废水处理工程中的实际应用，分析并总结了工程设计及运行的经验。实践表明，经厌氧-气浮-UASB-SBR的工艺处理后，废水中COD和SS总去除效率分别可达到99．6％和99．8％以上，并可以回收大量的沼气和部分废水回用于生产过程中。该工艺具有运行稳定和处理效率高等优点，为企业带来了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

运用CFD技术进行二段往复炉排焚烧炉二次风口的辅助设计

二次风口的合理布设是实现炉膛内气体混合均匀、反应完全的有效措施之一，运用CFD技术进行二段往复炉排焚烧炉二次风口的辅助设计，借助PHOENICS软件模拟二次风口对炉内流场的影响。通过模拟发现，二次风口的布设可明显提高烟气的湍流程度．前后墙各设一排直径为0．04m的二次风口可以实现最佳的炉膛流场工况。     

Characterizing the source/sink behavior of double-layer building materials

A model is developed to predict the rate of mass transfer between a double-layer material and indoor air. The model allows non-uniform initial material-phase concentrations in each of the two layers and a transient influent gas-phase concentration to be considered. This model builds on a recently validated single-layer model and should prove useful in predicting the behavior of double-layer material assemblies. Many indoor furnishings and building structures are comprised of layers of different material. The approach taken here represents a first step in the development of a more generally applicable multi-layer model. An analytical solution to the double-layer model is obtained and a parametric analysis is performed illustrating the behavior of the model as a function of the primary model parameters. The paper concludes by examining the potential use of thin diffusion barriers to reduce material emission rates and a hypothetical example of emissions from an adhesive that is part of an adhesive/material assembly.