水产品加工废水生物处理现状与展望

介绍了几种较为典型的水产品加工废水生物处理工艺,以及利用生物处理工艺处理高含盐量废水实验室研究结果;展望了水产品加工废水处理技术的发展前景。     

Biological pretreatment of Yellow River water

Bio-ceramic filter(BF) and moving-bed biofilm reactor(MBBR) were used for biological pretreatment of Yellow River water in this study. The BF only had slight advantage over MBBR for TOC and ammonia removal. However, like UV254, the average removal rate of THMFP in the BF was much higher than that in the MBBR. UV254 removal did not show obvious correlation with trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP) removal. Hexachlorocyclohexane could be effectively removed in both BF and MBBR. As for diatom and cyanobateria removal the MBBR had better performance than the BF, which was contrary to the average chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) removal rate. The proposal was made in this study that biological flocculation and sedimentation of sloughed biofilm should play a more important role on algae removal in the MBBR than in the BF. The BF and MBBR could effectively remove microcystins. Moreover, MBBR could be a promising technology for biological pretreatment.     

UBAF与纤维球过滤结合工艺应用于污水回用的试验研究

利用升流式曝气生物滤池 (UBAF)与纤维球过滤相结合的工艺对城市污水进行深度处理 ,使其达到回用的要求。结果表明 :对于经过二级处理后的可生物降解性较差的城市污水 ,应用UBAF和纤维球过滤相结合的处理工艺能够取得很好的效果 ,处理后的污水完全可以达到污水排放的一级标准和城市生活杂用水的标准     

草浆造纸中段废水的生物处理动力学

利用静态溶解氧消耗速率（OUR）试验模拟草浆造纸中段废水生物处理的生化反应过程,并运用Lawrence-McCarty模式进行了动力学分析。由OUR试验结果和小试研究结果建立的草浆造纸中段废水好氧生物处理的动力学方程为v=0.72S/(60.43 S）。将该动力学方程预测结果和实际工程的运行数据进行了比较,结果表明,动力学方程的比基质降解速率预测值高于实际工程的计算值,分析原因可能在于：实际工程中中段废水中的纤维素类悬溪物在生物处理装置的积累导致了污泥活性的降低。     

水体沉积物重金属质量基准研究新进展——生物效应数据库法

根据加拿大、美国佛罗里达、澳大利亚、新西兰、中国香港等国家和地区水体沉积物质量基准研究的最新资料 ,综述了目前国际上广泛采用的用于制定沉积物质量基准的新方法——生物效应数据库法 ,介绍了该方法制定基准研究和应用的新进展     

石油污染对牡蛎超显微结构毒性效应的研究

采用电子显微镜观察石油污染对牡蛎生殖腺和肝胰腺组织细胞的毒性作用。结果显示,石油污染对牡蛎具有明显的慢性毒害作用,50 mg／L浓度组,实验10 d的牡蛎,其组织细胞受石油污染不明显;当实验时间为30 d时,出现明显的毒性效应,细胞核核膜肿胀,染色质聚集并边际化,细胞核崩解,细胞坏死,组织萎缩,线粒体的变化较其他细胞器对石油污染较敏感,受损坏的程度较重。     

SBR工艺污泥颗粒化对生物脱氮除磷特性的研究

采用模拟配制的生活污水，研究循序间歇反应器（SBR）工艺的脱氮除磷效果和污泥沉降性能，试验结果表明，通过了状态调控阶段，反应器中形成了同时具有脱氮除磷能力的好氧颗粒化污泥，其中，反应器对COD和P的去除率分别为90％和85％左右；NH3－N和TN去除率分别达到90％和80％；颗粒污泥的SVI值约为50，出水水质好，这些良好的运行性能比好氧颗粒污泥形成前大大改善。     

广东罗浮山生物资源和旅游资源永续利用的探讨

罗浮山是广东四大名山之一,是驰名中外风景秀丽的旅游胜地,也是广东省南亚热带常绿阔叶林及珍稀动植物的综合性自然保护区,有维管植物201科676属1168种,分别占广东维管植物的718%、411%、166%。罗浮山生物资源很丰富,有药用植物和油脂植物等,也有不少国家保护植物和保护动物,而且自秦汉以来就是我国著名的风景区。论文对罗浮山生物资源和旅游资源的永续利用提出了5点建议。     

厌氧—好氧—生物炭系统处理印染废水实例

阐述了采用厌氧水解－好氧生物接触－生物炭吸附氧化工艺处理印染废水的工艺流程、原理、工艺参数及特点。该系统对印染废水ＣＯＤｃｒ及色度的处理取得良好效果，且污泥量少，节省了污泥处理费用。     

Petroleum waste biodegradation with porous biomass support system (PBSS) on rotating biological contactor

A laboratory scale study was conducted to assess the feasibility of the new coupling of rotating biological contactor (RBC) plus porous biomass support system (PBSS) using polyurethane foam as porous support media to biodegrade petroleum refinery wastewater. Polyurethane foam was attached on disks of two four-stage laboratory scale cascade connected RBC units.The two RBC units were operated simultaneously at different but constant, flowrates giving hydraulic loading rates of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 m3/m2/d in two runs keeping the same rotational speed 10 r/min throughout. Organic loading was a less controllable factor in this study.For all of the hydraulic loadings, it was found that the removal efficiency of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and oil were above 80 percent. Ammonia nitrogen and phenol removal were above 90 and 80 percent respectively. The maximum biomass concentration within polyurethane foam was about 30 g/m2 in the first stage for 0.03 m3/m2/d hydraulic loading.The results show that t