The Nile delta-Alexandria coast: vulnerability to sea-level rise,consequences and adaptation

Like many delta systems, the coastal zoneof the Nile delta has been designated as avulnerable zone to a rising sea level as aconsequence of expected climate changescombined with geological and human factors.In view of the understanding of thesefactors, a degree of vulnerabilityanalysis has been carried out to betterlocate which sectors need to be assessedand adapted to possible sea level rise(SLR) for the Nile delta-Alexandria region of Egypt.Results reveal that not all of the coastalzones of the Nile delta are vulnerable toaccelerated sea-level rise at the samelevel. Based on multiple criteria the Niledelta-Alexandria coast can be categorizedinto vulnerable (30%), invulnerable (55%)and artificially protected coastalstretches (15%). These criteria include:local subsidence or uplifting, relativesea-level rise (RSLR), land topography,width of lagoon barriers, beach-face slope,high-elevated features such as dunes andridges, eroding and accreting coastlinesand protection works.Moreover, this study evaluates thelong-term relative sea-level rise andsubsidence rates along the Nile delta andAlexandria coasts. Statistical analysis oflong-term tide gauge data recorded atAlexandria, Burullus and Port Said yieldsvalues of 1.6, 1.0 and 2.2 mm/yr,respectively. These values of relativesea-level rise and long-term subsidencerate obtained from age-dated sediment coresections are inconsistent: long-termsubsidence appears to be larger (maximum of7 mm/ yr). This discrepancy might beexplained if the subsidence is episodic,and occurs rather abruptly during majorearthquakes that occur every few hundredyears associated with fault trend lines.Rising sea levels could have significantlongterm impacts on the Nile delta,including the distribution of ground watersalinity and erosion of the narrow andlow-lying barriers of the Burullus andManzala lagoons. Adaptive measures alongthe study area particularly those relatedto coastal protective structures are alsoevaluated.     

炼铁厂煤气洗涤废水净化处理技术与实践

介绍了采用混凝沉淀法———加注高分子混凝剂聚丙烯酰胺处理煤气洗涤水，使水中污染因子ＳＳ去除率达８４５％以上；ＣＯＤＣｒ去除率达６１８％以上；氰化物和挥发酚也有不同程度的削减，实现了废水循环利用。     

这起噪声污染案件如何定性

工厂中由于生产区与生活区无严格的界限导致噪声污染纠纷，由此引发噪声排放厂界的界定，厂界监测点的布置、厂界噪声超标排污费的征收等一系列问题。将生产区围墙作为噪声排放厂界、将有利于问题的解决，由此引发的纠纷既是劳动纠纷也是环境纠纷，环境保护行政主管部门，劳动部门都有权管辖。     

关于钢铁工业海水直接利用的技术探讨

在工业领域中钢铁工业是用水大户,临海建厂是未来中国钢铁产业布局的方向。向海洋要淡水,取之不尽、用之不竭。将海水直接利用于生产,可减少海水淡化成本、节约能源、降低钢铁企业生产成本。就钢铁企业的海水直接利用技术进行了初步的分析和探讨,可作为实际工程的参考。     

溪洛渡水电站叠梁门取水方式减缓下泄低温水的优化调度

大型水库常采用叠梁门取水方式作为改善春季下泄低温水的有效手段,但现有的叠梁门调度方式基本为全年使用,可能加剧水库冬季下泄高温水现象,且影响到春季的水温改善效果。提出根据下游鱼类对水温的需求时段来确定叠梁门的启用时段,对金沙江下游的溪洛渡电站水库水温进行了研究,结果表明,分时段采用叠梁门取水可有限程度地提高春季的下泄水温并避免冬季下泄水高温现象的进一步加剧。同时,也研究了河流梯级开发对叠梁门应用的影响,发现水库调节性能、梯级开发、人工调度等带来的下游入库水温平坦化,以及溪洛渡水库的过渡型水温结构,使叠梁门对水温的影响显著减弱.     

超滤膜的超声波助清洗研究

考察了不同功率的超声波对超滤膜性能的影响.结果表明:20W功率的超声波对超滤膜截留率的影响不大,大于30W以后,超滤膜的截留率下降明显.在此基础上,对实际工业现场印钞擦版废液污染超滤膜的化学清洗过程中,附以20W低功率超声波,可以发挥其超强振动和超搅拌作用,从而将化学清洗时间从20～30min缩短到5min左右,极大地提高了膜清洗效率.SEM的观察结果显示,在仅采用简单的超声波物理清洗时,膜表面的污染物并不能彻底有效地得以清除.     

Physical planning in the coastal region of Zeeland, the Netherlands

The Dutch province of Zeeland is situated in the southern part of the Delta region. The geographical location of the province and its history of inundation, land reclamation and dam-building, clearly illustrate the importance that water always has had and still has in The Netherlands. Coastal defence projects are of utmost importance for The Netherlands and the Delta Project is the crown project. The importance of this project does not only regard the protection against the sea; the Delta dams also contribute considerably to the regional infrastructure. They are a important contribution to the abolishment of the former isolation of the region. They control inland navigation and form important boundaries for water management. They separate salt, brackish and fresh water as well as waters with or without tidal-influence and they also influence the ecological systems in and along the waters. Through physical planning, including the coastal policy of today, land and water can be further integrated. This paper discusses the role of the Province in area planning, related to the division of labour between the various public authorities in The Netherlands: state, provinces and municipalities. Coastal and water policy at the provincial level have been largely integrated with relevant other interests. It may be concluded that regional planning and coastal policy are beginning to adopt a new view towards dealing with water.     

广西靖西选矿厂取水对靖西县城河段水质的影响

根据广西华银铝业有限公司氧化铝厂——靖西选矿厂取水对靖西县城河段水质的影响，对靖西县城河段、入河排污现状，以及该河段纳污能力的计算进行分析评价。结果表明，该河段水体己受污染，主要污染因子为锰和粪大肠菌群。由此对存在的水环境问题提出相应的对策。     

石化企业编制事故应急预案初探

企业特别是石化企业的事故应急预案编制是一项复杂而系统的工作。本文简要介绍了事故应急预案，论述了石化企业建立事故应急预案的急需性，通过从几起典型的重大事故案例中总结了现阶段我国石化企业建立的事故应急预案中主要存在的问题，并相应地提出了解决办法和建议。     

土地形成的社会动力学——德国大型“水厂”的经验(论文摘编)

The contribution redefines the concept of“terra-forming”and the basically technical term“waterworks”froma sociological interpretation of metabolism:since human reproduction emancipatedfrom mereparticipation fromnature,it became,at least,a systematic transformation of nature.Irrigation and drain-age became the twin brothers of agriculture and mining,the most i mportant modifiers of both metabolismand natureitself.Fromthe early“hydraulic”toward modern“industrial”societies,the systemic co…