危险源与危险源分类的研究

本文探讨了生产系统与危险源的关系。分析了生产系统危险源的五个基本特征。讨论了危险源的五种分类方法。建立了较科学的危险源分类体系。     

感潮河段水环境容量计算方法探讨

对感潮河段水环境容量的污染物允许排放量的概念进行了分析，提出了基于动态的水质模型并利用计算机仿真和线性规划来进行感潮河段水环境容量计算的基本方法，该文着重介绍计算感潮河段水环境容量的技术方法，通过简化的计算实例对具体过程进行了说明，其原理成立，方法可行。     

对"以评促建、重在建设"的若干探索与实践

本文在认识与理解"以评促建、重在建设"原则的基础上,通过对迎评指标体系中"教学建设与改革"部分的学习和探索,总结出进行教学建设与改革的若干关键问题即思想观念要先行,管理理念要转变;紧抓专业建设这一龙头,适时调整人才培养方案,在制定毕业生质量标准的前提下,构建高职教育学生职业能力培养的三维体系;深化课程改革,在进行课程整合的基础上,加强课程教学的基本条件建设,积极探索课程教学内容、方法的改革和考核方式的改革.     

用密切值法进行海域有机污染物优先排序和风险分类研究

将密切值法应用于大连湾海域有机污染物优先排序和风险分类研究是一种新的尝试 ,首先将大连湾海域有机污染物各评价指标 (污染物的毒性、在环境中的暴露情况和在水环境中的迁移转化 )的极端情况组成最优和最劣样本 ,再求可综合反映与最优和最劣样本距离两者水平的参数—密切值 ,并根据各污染物最优 (劣 )密切值的大小进行排序 ,根据最优 (劣 )密切值的突变来进行分类分析。实例计算结果表明 ,密切值法用于海域有机污染物优先排序和风险分类切实可行 ,而且不需要确定隶属函数、白化函数等主观参量或函数 ,评价结果更客观和可靠。     

珠江口海岸线变化的遥感监测

珠江口、香港及澳门地区海岸线的变化近十几年来十分迅速 ,采用常规方法及时、定量地测量这种变化十分困难。本研究应用多时相Landsat卫星遥感图像 ,采用神经网络分类方法 ,监测海岸线的变化并计算增长的陆地面积。结果表明 ,人为的围海造田 ,香港、澳门机场及相关高速公路、港口等设施的建设是海岸线变化的最主要原因。     

环境监测点的模糊优化设置及其问题探讨

应用模糊聚类方法，结合贵阳市的实例，对环境监测点的模糊优化设置进行了研究。提出根据实测数据分布形态选用标定方法的建议和具体作法，可使环境监测点的模糊优化设置更趋合理，从而可为有关部门在进行监测点的科学合理设置时提供参考。     

循环经济与校园垃圾分类回收

阐述了循环经济的定义及其实施的重要意义，并以校园垃圾分类回收实例，说明了循环经济在实践中是可以实现的。     

西部山区道路建设毁损土地的退化及其环境效应Ⅱ.川藏公路典型路段地区的土壤退化与土壤系统分类

中国西部大开发,道路工程建设迅速发展。但对道路周边的环境影响较大。引起土地退化较为严重。从土壤系统分类上研究了道路工程毁损土壤类型演化特征。与未受道路工程影响的土壤进行比较研究表明:道路工程毁损土壤,在剖面形态和特性上有很大的变化。土壤在诊断层和诊断特性上已有所不同。以土壤系统分类可看出,道路工程毁损引起严重的土壤退化,可在土壤高级分类单元上即体现出明显的演化特征。采用土壤系统分类制研究土地退化,比土壤发生分类制更有优势。     

Crash analysis and development of safety performance functions for Florida roads in the framework of the context classification system

Introduction: Safety performance functions (SPF) are employed to predict crash counts at the different roadway elements. Several SPFs were developed for the various roadway elements based on different classifications such as functional classification and area type. Since a more detailed classification of roadway elements leads to more accurate crash predictions, multiple states have developed new classification systems to classify roads based on a comprehensive classification. In Florida, the new roadway context classification system incorporates geographic, demographic, and road characteristics information. Method: In this study, SPFs were developed in the framework of the FDOT roadway context classification system at three levels of modeling, context classification (CC-SPFs), area type (AT-SPFs), and statewide (SW-SPF) levels. Crash and traffic data from 2015-2019 were obtained. Road characteristics and road environment information have also been gathered along Florida roads for the SPF development. Results: The developed SPFs showed that there are several variables that influence the frequency of crashes, such as annual average daily traffic (AADT), signalized intersections and access point densities, speed limit, and shoulder width. However, there are other variables that did not have an influence in crash occurrence such as concrete surface and the presence of bicycle slots. CC-SPFs had the best performance among others. Moreover, network screening to determine the most problematic road segments has been accomplished. The results of the network screening indicated that the most problematic roads in Florida are the suburban commercial and the urban general roads. Practical Applications: This research provides a solid reference for decision-makers regarding crash prediction and safety improvement along Florida roads.     

Topical scientific and practical issues of wildland fire problem

Problem of wildfires has not been resolved anywhere in the world. Mere increase of technical power does not lead to desirable results. Forests of developed countries burn as actively as those in Africa or in Russia. The main reasons of wildfire problem are as follows: (1) Constant wandering of dry seasons over the planet causing outbreaks of wildfires. (2) Unpredicted self-development of ordinary wildfires into awful fire disasters. (3) Difficulties in delivery and use of heavy machines on hardly accessible territories. (4) Absence of a perfect technique for economic evaluation of how effectively the wildfire control system works. (5) Absence of the system of payments encouraging wildfire fighters. To solve the problem of wildfires in Russia it is necessary to: (1) Create the Russian wildfire behaviour and fire effects prediction system on the basis of the developed classification of vegetation fuels and methods of their mapping as well as maximum utilization of forest inventory information and Geographic Information System (GIS). (2) Elaborate a technique of proper wildfire monitoring including estimation of vegetation damage. (3) Improve daily rating of regional fire danger. (4) Improve fire-preventive arrangement of the territory covered by vegetation, the main goal being creation of favourable conditions for active fire management. (5) Choose the main direction in elaboration of fire-fighting means and methods taking into account their universality, simplicity, reliability, etc. (6) Elaborate an improved technique for estimation of economic effectiveness of the wildfire control system. (7) Develop international cooperation of scientists and professionals in fire management.