环境标准升级对企业“十三五”环保达标影响分析及对策

以某矿山企业为研究对象,以企业现行排污执行标准和升级标准为依据,分析了企业"十三五"环保达标的难点问题,提出重点解决球团竖炉烟气脱硫;球团车间配料、转运布袋除尘系统改造;选矿车间粗、细碎除尘系统改造等。共计改造和新增除尘设备9台,新建脱硫系统1套,概算投资5 455万元。     

基于保护目标制定的湖泊流域入湖河流河段划分方法——以滇池流域为例

通过科学合理地划分河段实现栖息地分类管理是恢复流域生物完整性的重要内容之一.湖泊流域入湖河流空间尺度小、坡降大、生态学过程差异性显著的特点导致其河段类型复杂多样,与河流流域河段类型的大尺度特征具有明显区别,因此,河流流域河段划分指标及其方法不适用于湖泊流域,亟需发展以栖息地分类管理为目的的湖泊流域河段划分方法.本文通过回顾河流分类的概念、划分依据及划分方法的发展历程,明确了湖泊流域河段划分理论基础,提出了基于保护目标制定的湖泊流域河段划分方法,为恢复湖泊流域生物完整性提供了更为精细的管理单元.同时,以滇池流域为例,通过筛选与大型底栖动物敏感种群和濒危种群显著相关的环境因子,建立了由地貌类型、土地利用方式、河水来源、河道人工化情况及水体营养程度构成的指标划分体系;在实现各划分指标空间化的基础上,利用空间叠加聚类技术手段,将滇池流域入湖河流划分为9个河段类型,为滇池流域水生态系统健康恢复提供了科学依据.     

生化和膜组合工艺在升级改造垃圾渗滤液处理工程中的应用

鞍山市垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理站,设计规模为300 m~3/d,经过升级改造后,采用A/O+外置MBR+NF+RO组合工艺。升级后其COD和色度去除率分别达到95%和99.6%,出水ρ(COD)<100 mg/L,出水无色透明,SS完全被去除,最终COD、NH_3-N、SS、TN、色度均达到GB 16889—2008《生活垃圾填埋场污染物排放标准》的要求。改造后夏、春、秋3季渗滤液处理费用约为25.77元/t,冬季的费用约为34.57元/t。     

环境监理取费基价的测算方法研究

环境监理是“三同时”制度全过程管理的体现.统一的行业收费标准对环境监理行业的健康发展至关重要.完善的收费机制有利于企业间的公平竞争,先进技术的应用与发展,高端人才的引进.通过对比发展较成熟的工程监理取费机制,分析环境监理的工作内容,收集已实施案例数据.通过matlab技术对收集的取费数据进行拟合分析,得出环境监理取费函数,并检验函数偏差.得出以投资额为基数的环境监理基价取费建议表.     

高架道路对临街高层住宅声环境影响规律研究

文章以Cadna/A为工具,分析了交通噪声与车流量和车速的关系,相对车速,交通噪声的增减程度对车流量的变化更为敏感;以车流量与车速的不同组合,模拟了临街高层住宅声环境质量的达标距离,可为城市道路规划提供一定的技术依据;并对交通噪声的垂直分布规律进行了研究,噪声值随高度增加先增大后减小,垂向面上会出现极大值,相对地面道路,高架道路噪声垂向极大值点会下移,极大值点和道路中心的连线与水平地面形成一定的角度.     

HJ636—2012测定总氮时影响空白值因素分析

碱性过硫酸钾氧化紫外分光光度法(HJ 636—2012)测定水中总氮时,经常出现空白值偏高的现象。为此,从总氮的测定过程出发,探讨了影响总氮测定的因素。结果表明:过硫酸钾的纯度对空白值的影响最大;氢氧化钠的纯度对空白值也有一定的影响;实验中可用去离子水代替无氨水;当室温超过27℃时,碱性过硫酸钾溶液的存放时间最好不超过3 d;不同的消解设备对空白值的影响不明显。     

Characterization of ISO 14001 implementation

Environmental degradation caused by human activities is of concern to society, government, industry, companies, and the people who are able to enjoy improved lifestyles because of industrial activities. However, all of these parties also have a responsibility to support and conserve the environment and act responsibly toward the earth. This article, which includes a systematic literature review and draws upon the authors’ practical experience, summarizes the benefits, motives, and difficulties in implementing environmental management systems using the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) 14001 framework.     

Pollutant emission reduction effect through effluent tax,concentration-based effluent standard,or both

There are numerous studies comparing different kinds of environmental taxes and standards. However, forms of environmental standards focused by former researchers are usually quantity-based limits/standards (e.g. pounds per day or pounds per unit of output). Concentration-based emission standard (e.g. milligrams per liter of wastewater) as one important form of environmental standard has not been given much attention. In this article, comparable estimates of their probable effect on enterprise pollution reduction will be developed for concentration-based effluent standards, effluent taxes, and a combination of both. A linear simulation model is used to clearly and obviously compare the effects of effluent taxes and concentration-based standards within the same figure. With one detailed application to the paper industry, some enlightenment and conclusions – as well as the general applicability of these principles – are then provided: Under the same effluent tax rate, enterprises, groups, and industries that are cleaner will reduce more pollutants than those that have higher pollutant abatement costs. It is recommended that effluent taxes are set by avoiding cutting it even at one stroke and considering the feasibility of pollution-reducing technology in various industries. It is necessary to reduce MAC of enterprises to better stimulate enterprises’ or industries’ emission reduction by preferential measures, such as high tax rate coordinated by speeding up the depreciation of environmental protection equipment.     

Integration of Optical and Microwave Remote Sensing Data for Agricultural Land Use Classification

An agricultural land use classification of Oltrepo' Pavese region (in Northern Italy) is performed through integration of remote sensing data from optical and radar sensors. The source of optical data was a Landsat-TM image acquired on April 1994, while the source of microwave data was a contemporaneous image of the new radar sensor SIR-C/X-SAR which was flown on-board the Space Shuttle during an experimental mission over the chosen test site. Then, they were combined through calculation of the principal components of the multidimensional data sets and a final classification was carried out and compared with the classifications obtained from optical and radar recordings separately. Results showed remarkable improvement in the classification accuracy of seedbeds and uncultivated fields with radar recordings and of herbaceous crop type with integrated data. Potential ability of a multi-sensor classification and limits of a single-temporal approach are discussed.     

LNG泄漏与防范的研究

分析了液化天然气的特点与危害性，阐述了控制液化天然气风险的有关监测、建筑、防爆、灭火和运输等方面的规范要求。