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71.
The Lagoon Olho d'Água in Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil has received increasing environmental concern due to significant stress from pollution in the catchment. The existing environmental problems are the result of great pressure from a broad range of human activities, especially in the last 10 years. Serious pollution exists mainly from some industrial and urban activities, which increased intensively after the eighties. There is a strong social and economical pressure for housing and construction near the lagoon, due to the available land nearby beaches and estuarine zone, and recently by growing tourism activities. Uncontrolled land use by low-income communities and the pressure for construction by developers have led to landfilling and to deterioration of water quality in the lagoon catchment. Improvement of the environmental conditions in the catchment needs integrated measures. Guidelines and some specific actions involving several institutions have been established and refer to sanitation and urban infrastructure as the main priorities. A main target is the construction of low-cost sewage system with smaller and decentralised treatment plants. 相似文献
72.
Integrating Nonindigenous Aquatic Plant Control with Protection of Snail Kite Nests in Florida 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The endangered snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis) feeds primarily on the freshwater apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) in Florida. The nonindigenous, floating water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) impede kites from finding snails. Effective control of these aquatic plants in the littoral zone of central and south Florida
lakes benefits kites by maintaining open foraging habitat. However, incidental herbicide spraying of nesting substrates result
in nest collapse when kites breed in nonwoody, emergent plants [cattail (Typha spp.) and giant bulrush (Scirpus validus)] in the outer littoral zone during lower lake levels. Many endangered species recovery plans and their implementation have
experienced problems due to inaction and/or noncooperation by various governmental agencies and their personnel. Herein, we
describe the development and implementation of a buffer zone strategy to prevent secondary impacts from an aquatic plant control
program to snail kites nesting on lakes in central and south Florida. A strategy was jointly developed by personnel of five
state and federal agencies to control herbicide application near kite nesting areas during the normal breeding season. Although
requiring various modifications during its implementation, this cooperative effort successfully integrated aquatic plant control
objectives with snail kite conservation on Lake Okeechobee during 1988. The program was expanded the following year to lakes
Kissimmee and Tohopekaliga. Since the implementation of the snail kite impact preclusion program, no nest loss was attributed
to incidental herbicide applications on lakes Okeechobee, Kissimmee, and Tohopekaliga. 相似文献
73.
介绍了极板转运装置自动控制系统的设计思想.详细阐述了系统的组成,检测开关的现场布置以及系统程序的设计. 相似文献
74.
环境管理、规划管理与项目管理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章从深入分析环境管理的内涵出发,进而提出树立项目管理意识,强化项目管理的概念,说明项目管理在环境管理中的地位和作用,从这个意义上讨论环境管理与项目管理的关系,简述环境保护项目管理的主要环节,达到提高环境管理效能的途径的目的。 相似文献
75.
为适应“国际减灾十年活动”的需要,系统整理了1991年世界地震灾情及重要地震。统计结果表明:全世界1991年全年因地震死亡人数为2084人,中国只有一人;受伤人数约6500人,中国将近700人;倒塌房屋约62万间。全年直接经济损失粗略估算,国外2.7~3.2亿美元,国内约3.3亿人民币。对1991年度地震活动特点进行了简要分析。 相似文献
76.
一般地震走时表是由一定间隔震中距查算各震相走时。本文所介绍的根据P与S波走时差值由计算机实时快速编制和查算区域地震走时表的方法和程序,适用于震源在壳内任意深度,可含低速层的水平均匀分层模型。此外,本文还给出了下扬子三个分区、三种深度的走时表,以供没有计算机的台站或地震现场作精细定位之用。 相似文献
77.
囊式蓄能器是液压系统中常用的压力容器。在更换胶囊和(或)充装氮气时如操作不当,有发生爆炸的风险。通过对一起蓄能器爆炸事故的调查,经计算、推论,得出此次爆炸是一起物理爆炸。并就事故发生原因及其爆炸强度、危害程度进行了分析。提出生产商和使用单位应制定科学的、可行的标准操作程序(Standard Operation Program,SOP),并要求工人在实际操做中严格执行,加强过程控制,避免事故的发生。 相似文献
78.
岩石化学成分计算及矿物定名是一项复杂的劳动 ,过去都是手工计算 ,劳动强度大 ,准确率低。为了解决这一问题 ,利用Basic语言编写了RNCAC微机处理程序 ,对四川盆地沉积岩成分进行了计算 ,并对复杂矿物进行了定名。经手工检验 ,该程序计算准确率高 ,计算迅速 ,可以有效提高工作效率 ,减轻劳动强度。 相似文献
79.
In the routine São Paulo state (Brazil) surface water quality-monitoring program, which includes the Salmonella microsome mutagenicity assay as one of its parameters, a river where water is taken and treated for drinking water purposes has repeatedly shown mutagenic activity. A textile dyeing facility employing azo-type dyes was the only identifiable source of mutagenic compounds. We extracted the river and drinking water samples with XAD4 at neutral and acidic pH and with blue rayon, which selectively adsorbs polycyclic compounds. We tested the industrial effluent, raw, and treated water and sediment samples with YG1041 and YG1042 and compared the results with the TA98 and TA100 strains. The elevated mutagenicity detected with YG-strains suggested that nitroaromatics and/or aromatic amines were causing the mutagenicity detected in the samples analyzed. Positive responses for the blue rayon extracts indicated that mutagenic polycyclic compounds were present in the water samples analyzed. The mutagen or mixture of mutagens present in the effluent and water samples cause mainly frameshift mutations and are positive with and without metabolic activation. The Salmonella assay combined with different extraction procedures proved to be very useful in the identification of the origin of the pollution and in the identification of the classes of chemical compounds causing the mutagenic activity in the river analyzed. 相似文献
80.