包气带中残油动态释放实验研究

通过对下水油类浓度、水位、降雨量及色质联机分析，确定了包气带中残油为水源地主要污染源之一，利用动态释放试验。模拟了河滩包气油污土层中残油动态释放过程，探讨了不同水深及间歇进地油类释放的影响并确定残油的污染能力。     

四川湾坝—冶勒地区构造地球化学特征

通过地球化学、地球物理特征与区域地质构造的研究 ,证实湾坝—冶勒地区地球化学分区和物理分区与构造单元划分有极强的对应关系 ;通过元素明显浓集区的研究 ,推测有两个隐伏岩体存在 ,主要成矿元素富集带与构造成矿带一致。     

环形件摆动辗压过程中接触区域轮廓的数值计算方法

摆动辗压过程中锥形摆头与坯料接触面积是一个十分重要的参数,此文从辗压过程中坯料螺旋式送进的事实出发,首次给出了环形坯料,接触区域轮廓坐标的数值求解过程,为正确计算接触面积提供了精确的计算方法。     

实现第二次创业的战略选择

苏州市各类开发区和经济小区的崛起，使环境与经济两全其美可以实现。开发区吸引外资、吸纳人才、上水平的内在需求，有效提高生存质量的要求和接轨国际、实现跨世纪战略目标的选择，使人们明确开发建设与保护环境必须协调。苏州市正从科学规划、规范立法、合理开发和系统管理诸方面构建新的发展策略。     

合金钢旋压塑流变形稳定性试验研究

中碳合金钢退火状态可旋性良好,累计变薄率为80%,未见裂纹出现。强力旋压属局部连续塑性成形工艺,很适宜大直径筒形件塑性成形。变薄旋压中碳合金钢筒形件,与卷焊成形相比,可强化组织性能,降低筒体重量,提高使用效果。试验旨在探讨中碳合金钢筒形件旋压成形的稳定性,通过变形区三向接触面积塑流试验研究,筒体变形体积与力能的分析,以及优化工艺参数和确定合理工艺过程,旋出了高精度筒形件,同时进行了批量旋压生产。     

Landscape eco-environmental research on littoral zone in China

Littoral zone is a special land/ landscape type. As an important kind of land resource in support, the use of littoral zone is vital to eastern coastal areas in China. And the research on littoral zone relates to the key theory of landscape ecology. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, the littoral zone was divided into four types: mud flat, sand beach, bench, and biological flat. The distribution of each type in China is pointed out. As a typical open system, littoral zone has six landscape ecological characteristics: (l) high sensitivity to disturbance; (2) distinct edge effect; (3) spatial aggregation of natural resources; (4) frequently spatial oscillation; (5) obviously spatial heterogeneity; and (6) noticeably spatial differentiation. Some proposals are also put forward on the land use and development of littoral zone for environmental protection and environmental mana qement.     

~(60)Co、~(85)Sr和~(134)Cs在非饱和黄土中迁移特征研究

经过2年的野外核素示踪试验、实验室柱试验、批实验以及数值模拟，获得^60Co、^85Sr和^134Cs在非饱和黄土中迁移特征如下：（1）非饱和黄土上述核素具有很强的吸附作用，经2年的试验，^85Sr的浓度峰位在天然条件下迁移不到2cm，喷淋条件下迁移13cm；^60Co和^134Cs在天然和喷淋条件下迁移甚微。（2）^85Sr在喷淋条件下迁移出现两个浓度峰。（3）^60Co、^85Sr和^134Cs迁移“快成份”在环境的安全评价中不容忽视。（4）在含水量和入渗水量很低时，扩散对核素迁移起主导作用。(5)水入渗量对^85Sr迁移速度和横向扩散无明显影响。（6）静态法测定的Kd值比野外求得的值大。（7）核素在非饱和黄土中的延迟系数Rd不是常数。     

开发区环境影响评价中产业结构、工业布局问题探讨

通过对各工业行业污染源调查数据分析，讨论了各行业污染轻重及特征，以及各行业内部的产业结构及污染情况，提出促进开发区的经济可持续发展和产业链循环经济发展的措施。     

Element cycling in the dominant plant community in the Alpine tundra zone of Changbai Mountains, China

Element cycling in the dominant plant communities including Rh. aureum, Rh. redowskianum and Vaccinium uliginosum in the Alpine tundra zone of Changbai Mountains in northeast China was studied. The results indicate that the amount of elements from litter decomposition was less than that of the plant uptake from soil, but that from plant uptake was higher than that in soil with mineralization process released. On the other hand, in the open system including precipitation input and soil leaching output, because of great number of elements from precipitation into the open system, the element cycling(except N, P) in the Alpine tundra ecosystem was in a dynamic balance. In this study, it was also found that different organ of plants had significant difference in accumulating elements. Ca, Mg, P and N were accumulated more obviously in leaves, while Fe was in roots. The degree of concentration of elements in different tissues of the same organ of the plants also was different, a higher concentration of Ca, Mg, P and N in mesophyll than in nerve but Fe was in a reversed order. The phenomenon indicates ( 1 ) a variety of biochemical functions of different elements, (2) the elements in mesophyll were with a shorter turnover period than those in nerve or fibre, but higher utilization rate for plant. Therefore, this study implies the significance of keeping element dynamic balance in the alpine tundra ecosystem of Changbai Mountains.     

Infiltration and redistribution of LNAPL into unsaturated layered porous media

Enhanced understanding of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) infiltration into heterogeneous porous media is important for the effective design of remediation strategies. We used a 2-D experimental facility that allows for visual observation of LNAPL contours in order to study LNAPL redistribution in a layered porous medium. The layers are situated in the unsaturated zone near the watertable and they are inclined to be able to observe the effect of discontinuities in capillary forces and relative permeabilities. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment consisted of LNAPL infiltration into a fine sand matrix with a coarse sand layer, and the second experiment consisted of a coarse sand matrix and a fine sand layer. The numerical multi-phase flow model STOMP was validated with regard to the experimental results. This model is able to adequately reproduce the experimental LNAPL contours. Numerical sensitivity analysis was also performed. The capillarity contrast between sands was found to be the main controlling factor determining the final LNAPL distribution.