球磨机噪声分析及综合治理

分析了Φ2.2×6.5m球磨机的噪声 ,提出采用消声、吸声、隔声等综合治理方案对该球磨机的噪声进行治理 ,治理后降噪效果明显 ,取得了良好的综合效益     

3种偶氮染料厌氧生物降解性能的试验研究

酸性媒介黄GG ,酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN在厌氧条件下通过还原脱氮发生生物降解 .本文研究在葡萄糖作为共代谢基质时酸性媒介黄GG ,酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN的降解情况 .试验结果表明 :在厌氧微生物的作用下酸性媒介黄GG ,酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN还原氮氮双键效果较好 ,酸性媒介黄GG厌氧降解动力学方程符合一级动力学方程 .酸性媒介黑T ,派拉丁兰RRN的厌氧降解都符合零级动力学方程 .其反应速率常数K分别为 0 0 4 99h-1,0 2 6 5 2mg·(h·L) -1和0 2 2 38mg·(h·L) -1;半衰期分别为 13 8h ,35h和 34h ,在同样条件下酸性媒介黄GG降解最快 ,酸性媒介黑T次之 ,派拉丁兰RRN较慢     

重金属Cd、Zn、Pb复合污染对土壤酶活性的影响

采用回归正交设计方案 ,研究了潮褐土中Cd、Zn、Pb复合污染对 4种土壤酶活性 (过氧化氢酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、转化酶 )的影响 .结果表明 ,在复合效应影响中 ,重金属对土壤酶活性的抑制效应顺次为Cd >Zn >Pb ;同时 ,Cd、Zn、Pb复合污染对 4种土壤酶活性的影响效应存在着明显差异 .其复合污染对脲酶表现出协同抑制负效应的特征 ;对过氧化氢酶表现出一定的屏蔽作用 ;对转化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性影响则主要随着Cd浓度的增加而显著降低 .离子冲量与土壤脲酶活性之间呈显著负相关 ,用脲酶活性作为预测土壤重金属Cd、Zn、Pb复合污染程度的主要生化指标具有一定的可行性     

复合地层盾构滚刀磨损风险等级模糊评判

针对盾构在复合地层隧道掘进过程中存在滚刀易磨损且不易判断磨损程度的施工难题,通过综合分析滚刀磨损的各种影响因素及其影响关系,总结提炼出4个磨损风险等级和五大类15个子项的关键影响指标。针对复合地层提出复合高度比和等效岩土强度的概念,综合运用两级模糊评判法和层次分析法建立了复合地层盾构滚刀磨损程度评判方法。通过对佛莞城际铁路长隆隧道复合地层段进行现场验证,证实了该方法在不进入盾构土仓的情况下,可对滚刀在盾构不同掘进距离下的磨损程度进行定性判断。     

Fe2+EDTA络合-铁屑还原连续脱除烟气中NO

研究了铁屑塔式反应器连续脱除烟气中NO的过程,建立了该过程的数学模型,并对其主要影响因素进行了讨论.结果表明,铁屑塔式反应器可连续稳定地脱除烟气中NO,进气NO浓度的变化对脱硝效率没有影响,脱硝效率随烟气流量的增加而下降,随脱硝溶液流量和填料层高度的增加而增加.所建模型的计算值和实测值能够很好地吻合,该模型可用于预测脱硝过程参数对脱硝效率的影响.     

2种组配改良剂修复镉砷复合污染稻田土壤的研究

将2种复合改良剂LI(碳酸钙+铁粉)和HI(羟基磷灰石+铁粉)施加于镉、砷复合污染稻田土壤,设置投加比例分别为1∶2、1∶1、2∶1,通过分析熟化后土壤的p H值、毒性浸出(TCLP提取态)镉、砷含量及交换态镉和砷含量,研究了复合改良剂同时固定这两种污染元素的效果.结果表明,施加LI使土壤p H值提高了0.60~1.21,降低了土壤TCLP提取态镉、交换态镉含量,以及TCLP提取态砷和交换态砷含量;与对照相比,配比为2∶1的LI使土壤TCLP提取态镉含量降低了60.97%,效果较好;配比为1∶2和1∶1的LI分别使TCLP提取态砷含量降低了29.81%、29.85%;配比为1∶2的LI使交换态砷含量降低了55.18%.施加HI同样提高了土壤的p H值(升高了0.51~0.73),同时降低了土壤中97.05%~98.09%的TCLP提取态镉含量,效果显著;施加HI略微提高了土壤TCLP提取态砷含量,但却略微降低了土壤交换态砷含量.在本实验条件下,综合考虑土壤中镉和砷的稳定化效果,LI的效果明显好于HI.其中,从TCLP提取态镉和砷含量来评价,2∶1的LI施用效果最佳;从交换态镉和砷含量来评价,1∶2的LI施用效果最佳.     

Formation process and mechanism of humic acid-kaolin complex determined by carbamazepine sorption experiments and various characterization methods

To explore the formation process and mechanism of organic matter and organic-mineral complex under humification and mineralization conditions, a series of samples including humic acid, kaolin, and humic acid-kaolin complex were prepared using a subcritical water treatment method(SWT) under specific temperature, pressure and reaction time conditions. HA was used as a surrogate for natural organic matter because it has a similar abundant pore structure,variety of carbon types, and chemical components. These samples were used in carbamazepine(CBZ) sorption experiments and characterized by a variety of techniques. The polymerization of humic acid under the conditions of increased temperature and pressure resulted in an increase in specific surface area and molecular quantity. In addition, the degree of aromaticity rose from59.52% to 70.90%. These changes were consistent with the transformation from ‘soft carbon' to‘hard carbon' that occurs in nature. The results of sorption experiments confirmed the interaction between humic acid and kaolin from the difference between the predicted and actual Qevalues. The conceptual model of humic acid-kaolin complex could be deduced and described as follows. Firstly, the aromatic components of humic acid preferentially combine with kaolin through the intercalation effect, which protects them from the treatment effects.Next, the free carboxyl groups and small aliphatic components of humic acid interact on the surface of kaolin, and these soft species transform into dense carbon through cyclization and polymerization. As a result, humic acid-kaolin complex with a mineral core and dense outer carbonaceous patches were formed.     

复杂电磁环境数字仿真系统研究

目的为夺取未来战场的制电磁权,缩小同国外先进水平的差距,需要构建一套标准化具可行性的复杂电磁环境数字仿真系统。方法从控制显示、武器模型、战场监测以及效能评估等角度出发,提出复杂电磁环境数字仿真系统的基本结构。论述控制系统、武器系统、监测系统、评估系统以及显示系统等各分系统的具体设计方法。结果综合考虑系统的重构性、扩展性、复用性以及操控性,搭建复杂电磁环境数字仿真系统的技术实现架构。结论为复杂电磁环境数字仿真系统的标准化与可行性的发展提供思路。     

自组织理论与复合生态系统可持续发展

复合生态系统出现了一系列环境问题阻碍了区域的可持续发展。文章将自组织理论引人到可持续发展领域，建立以实现可持续发展为目标的复合生态系统自组织理论：分析了复合生态系统的自组织特性，阐述了复合生态系统内部非线性结构和熵相互作用对系统自组织演化的影响，论述了复合生态系统自组织与可持续发展的关系，即复合生态系统达到自组织运作状态或总体趋势时，系统就达到了可持续发展。提出了复合生态系统自组织运行规律就是要实现社会规律、经济规律和自然规律的协同，即“三律协同”。在此基础上，探讨了实现复合生态系统自组织的途径：系统开放、引入负熵；建立以生态经济、生态环境、生态文化组成的耗散结构；建立复合生态系统目标实现的分段时间结构；加强系统协调机制，制定符合系统社会、经济和自然规律协同的各项措施。     

The Environmental Limits to Globalization

Abstract:  Criticisms of globalization have been largely based on its socioeconomic effects, but the environmental impacts of globalization are equally important. These include acceleration of climate change; drawdown of global stocks of cheap energy; substantial increases in air, water, and soil pollution; decreases in biodiversity, including a massive loss of crop and livestock varieties; depletion of ocean fisheries; and a significant increase in invasions of exotic species, including plant, animal, and human pathogens. Because of negative feedback from these changes, the future of globalization itself is bleak. The environmental and social problems inherent in globalization are completely interrelated—any attempt to treat them as separate entities is unlikely to succeed in easing the transition to a postglobalized world.