青藏高原东缘黄土石英光释光信号积分区间选择

光释光信号积分区间的选择对等效剂量（D _e ）的估算有重要影响。光释光衰减曲线并非单一的指数衰减,而由多个指数衰减函数组成,且每个衰减函数代表不同的信号组分。因矿物晶格陷阱类型不同,各组分有不同的衰减率、热稳定性等。本文对采自青藏高原东缘4个典型黄土分布区的黄土样品进行了系统的石英光释光组分分析和背景区间扣除研究。结果发现：（1）高原东缘黄土石英光释光信号由快、中、慢组分组成,并以快组分占主导,适合用单片再生剂量法测定等效剂量;（2）不同背景区间扣除对小于10 Gy样品等效剂量结果影响较小,误差范围内一致;（3）对大于10 Gy样品,选取早、晚不同背景区间扣除其等效剂量结果差异显著,两者差值占晚期背景扣除所得D _e 值的10%—38%,且有随D _e 值增加而增大的趋势,因此计算大于10 Gy样品D _e 时应慎重选择积分区间。     

川育小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

对15个川育系列品种及其16个亲本进行了沉降值测定，并采用SDS—PAGE方法分析了供试品种的高分子量谷蛋白亚基的组成及分布，分析了不同亚基与SDS沉降值的关系．结果表明，近期育成的优质小麦品种中含有优质HMW亚基，如5 10，而一些早期育成的品种由于缺乏优质亚基，其品质也稍差一些，因此在今后的品质育种工作中应加强对优质亚基的引进、研究和利用．加强HMW—GS在品质育种中的应用与实践．图2表8参12     

土壤固相不同组分对镉,锌吸持的研究

本文选用三种不同类型的土壤，用连续提取法依次去除土壤固相中碳酸盐（石灰性土壤）、锰、有机质、无定型氧化铁和晶型氧化铁组分，制得分离某一组分或某几个组分后的土壤钙饱和的样品，藉此研究土壤固相各组分对重金属Ｃｄ和Ｚｎ吸持的影响，研究结果表明，不同土壤去除某一组分或多个组分后对Ｃｄ和Ｚｎ吸持的影响是不同的，土壤固相中组分的相互作用可能是其主要原因。     

危险废物在填埋场中的浸出规律模拟实验方法研究

应用数学模型对危险物质的非饱水浸出机理进行了分析，并建立了小柱非饱和水模拟浸出实验系统，对危险废物在填埋场中的浸出规律进行了研究，结果表明，小柱模拟实验能较真实地反映实际填埋场中危险组中填埋场中的迁移和浸出规律，该系统的建立为我国危险废物填埋场的设计、施工及埋场的安全评价具有指导意义。     

桂林酸雨中不可溶成份的电镜分析

对广西省桂林市１９８８－０３－１６－１９８８－０３－２９出现的四次系统酸性降水，进行了降水的连续联样和过滤，用电子显微镜观测降水中的不可溶成分，共得到了１２种元素，即Ａｒ，Ｍｇ，Ａｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｐ，Ｓ，Ｃｌ，Ｋ，Ｃａ，Ｆｅ，Ｎｉ和Ｃｒ。用平均值法和聚类法，分析了桂林酸雨中１２种不可溶元素的重量谱特征，以及它们与降水系统之间的关系。     

末制导炮弹修理元件寿命试验方法研究

从确保修理的经济性、修后的储存寿命角度考虑,确定了需要开展寿命试验的末制导炮弹元件。在此基础上,提出了末制导炮弹不可重复测试元件和可重复测试元件寿命试验方法;综合权衡试验费用和试验精度,给出了修理元件寿命试验的有关建议。     

不同无害化处理对污泥中有机组分的影响

以城市污泥为材料,研究了热喷、辐射和堆肥 3 种无害化处理方式对污泥中有机组分形态的影响.结果表明,污泥中的有机组分经过热喷和辐射处理后,易降解物含量增加,难降解物含量降低;而堆肥处理则相反.污泥总氮的 70%~80%是有机氮,热喷、辐射处理使污泥中的有机氮向易矿化态转变,易矿化态氮含量较处理前分别增加 8.0%和 6.5%;而堆肥处理使污泥中的有机氮向难矿化态转变,难矿化态氮含量增加了 4.1%.经热喷、辐射处理后污泥中有机磷的活性显著提高,但堆肥处理降低了污泥中有机磷的活性.热喷、辐射处理使得污泥中水溶性有机物的大分子组分向小分子组分转化,堆肥处理则与之相反.因此,经热喷、辐射处理的污泥的供肥效果优于堆肥处理.     

废旧电脑主板元器件拆卸技术概述

拆卸废旧电脑主板上的元器件是废旧电脑板卡资源化的一个重要工序。介绍了电脑主板的组成及元器件贴装技术，分析了国内外电路板元器件拆卸技术的发展，并对研究高效无损的元器件拆卸技术提出了建议。     

The Merseyside Accident Information Model (MAIM) can reveal components of accidents that lead to attendance at fracture clinics and cause disability: a new approach to accident prevention

The objectives of this study were to identify components of accidents that cause the most disability and to discover the principal sources of injuries treated in the fracture clinics. Patients attending fracture clinics of the Royal Liverpool University Hospital were interviewed using a portable computer-based questionnaire, the Merseyside Accident Information Model (MAIM). Patients were followed up by telephone interview or letter to enquire about disability continuing after discharge. Disability was measured by the pre-accident to post-discharge changes in scores for 11 normal functions. Of the 1326 patients interviewed, 900 (68%) were successfully followed up and 37% reported disability after discharge. First events ‘tripping’, ‘slipping’ and ‘other underfoot events’ accounted for 433 patients (194 reporting disability), and ‘collapsed/fainted — no other event' for 66 patients (27 reporting disability). Activities at the time of accident most frequently associated with disability involved moving about on foot. Among first event objects, ground surfaces and underfoot hazards were reported in 35%. Sources of injuries included underfoot accidents (48%), sport (13%), and transport accidents (12%.). Underfoot accidents contributed to 58% of patients reporting disability, sport 6% and transport accidents 11%. Underfoot accidents together with ‘collapsed/fainted — no other event’ accounted for 79% of female patients reporting disability and 50% of men. Such data could be used for cost-effective targeting of preventative measures, and to study the effectiveness of accident prevention initiatives.     

State-of-the-art of ecological modelling with emphasis on development of structural dynamic models

The paper deals with two major problems in ecological modelling today, namely how to get reliable parameters? and how to build ecosystem properties into our models? The use of new mathematical tools to answer these questions is mentioned briefly, but the main focus of the paper is on development of structural dynamic models which are models using goal functions to reflect a current change of the properties of the biological components in the models. These changes of the properties are due to the enormous adaptability of the biological components to the prevailing conditions. All species in an ecosystem attempt to obtain most biomass, i.e. to move as far away as possible from thermodynamic equilibrium which can be measured by the thermodynamic concept exergy. Consequently, exergy has been proposed as a goal function in ecological models with dynamic structure, meaning currently changed properties of the biological components and in model language currently changed parameters. An equation to compute an exergy index of a model is presented. The theoretical considerations leading to this equation are not presented here but references to literature where the basis theory can be found are given. Two case studies of structural dynamic modelling are presented: a shallow lake where the structural dynamic changes have been determined before the model was developed, and the application of biomanipulation in lake management, where the structural dynamic changes are generally known. Moreover. it is also discussed how the same idea of using exergy as a goal function in ecological modelling may be applied to facilitate the estimation of parameters.