用于流域水环境规划的计算机图形模拟

本文论述计算机图形技术用于复杂的流域水环境规划的优越性及可行性。介绍了国外有关动态及技术,并简要探讨了实现交互式图形模拟技术的条件,为在微机上实施流域水环境规划的图模拟技术做好了准备。     

喷气式飞机设备可靠性试验剖面的计算机辅助设计

主要介绍了喷气式飞机设备可靠性综合试验剖面的计算机辅助设计软件的设计方法和实现的功能．并给出了某喷气式飞机设备的可靠性综合试验剖面的设计实例。     

A weed risk assessment model for use as a biosecurity tool evaluating plant introductions

New plant taxa from around the world continue to be imported into Australia and New Zealand. Many of these taxa have the potential to become agricultural or environmental weeds and this risk needs to be assessed before allowing their entry. A weed risk assessment system is described that uses information on a taxon's current weed status in other parts of the world, climate and environmental preferences, and biological attributes. The system is designed to be operated by quarantine personnel via a user-friendly computer interface.The model was tested against experts' scores for weediness for 370 taxa present in Australia, representing both weeds and useful taxa from agriculture, the environment, and other sectors. The model was judged on its ability to correctly ‘reject’ weeds, ‘accept’ non-weeds, and generate a low proportion of taxa which could not be decisively categorised, termed ‘evaluate’. More than 70% of the taxa were rejected or accepted. All taxa classified as serious weeds, and most minor weeds, were rejected or required further evaluation, while only 7% of non-weeds were rejected. The model was modified to New Zealand conditions and evaluated against the opinions of several groups of experts and against economic measures. The model produced a weediness score very similar to the mean of the experts scores. The latter were highly variable: agriculturalists tended to accept known weeds, conservationists tended to reject most adventive taxa, and only botanists produced scores similar to the model. The model scores also tended to be independent of economic value as measured in this study. The model could be adapted for use as a screening tool in any region of the world.     

企业电力负荷计算机安全管理系统

采用无线数据传输和上下位分布式计算机系统结构,设计了一种工矿企业电力负荷计算机安全管理系统,介绍了该系统的硬件构成、软件结构和工作原理。实际运行表明该系统对提高企业电力负荷安全管理水平具有显著作用。     

Application of modeling and simulation tools in costs and pollution monitoring

This paper presents the development and application of process modeling and simulation tools to aid in the monitoring and measuring of pollution from industry, and investigate a plant's overall performance. A case study of a generic reduction plant is investigated, taking into account the underlying principles that determine the amount of fluoride emissions released from the plant's processes. The simulation study includes the investigation of the gas cleaning system within the plant, such as the system's operating relationships between the scrubbing efficiency, wear of the scrubber filter bags, maintenance costs and its response to the change of scrubbing circulation. Two sets of simulation runs are performed to seek a balance for the plant's overall system performance, taking into account environmental issues (fluoride emissions) and cost. The final simulation result demonstrates that cost savings can be achieved when the plant operates in a cleaner manner.     

内蒙古草原退化群落恢复演替规律的仿真

文章用细胞自动机研究群落的演替过程。根据从1983年围封内蒙古典型草原后连续11年定位监测的数据,建立了一个描述在过大牧压下退化的典型草原植物群落封育后恢复演替的模型。用计算机对模型进行仿真,仿真的结果符合实测群落恢复演替的动态趋势,从而验证了建模时所提出假设的正确性。进而用这一模型模拟草原的退化过程,深化对草原退化和恢复演替的机理的认识。     

Integrated Simulation and Modelling Approach to Decision Making and Environmental Protection

This paper's objective is first to test the application of computer simulation and modelling tools in investigating the effects of applying sustainable manufacturing practices in a smelter plant, and second, to prove quantitatively and visually that 'sustainibility is free'. A simulation model is built to test and capture two different operating polices, 'Policy 1' and 'Policy 2', of an industrial system. In the case study, the simulation model is designed to reflect the effects of decision making in the activites found in a smelter plant, and to quantify the cost, sustainable and environmental consequences based on the decisions. Apart from providing a means of accurately measuring a system's performance, the purpose of using simulation tools is also to link the economic factors, such as productivity and total costs, as well as the sustainable factors, such as natural resource and energy consumption of a system. The simulation results prove quantitatively and visually that sustainability is not only 'free' but is, in fact, a far better proposition for economic growth in the medium to longer term than traditional forms of management.     

电除尘器气流分布的等效阻力法模拟计算

在此提出了一种电除尘器内气流分布的简易计算模拟方法 ,其核心就是把气流分布板作为均匀的透气板看待 ,使多孔板阻力与均匀透气板阻力等效 ,从而大幅度减少网格数量和计算时间。简化计算的数据与模型试验的测试数据相吻合 ,表明该简易计算模拟方法完全可以取代现行的模型试验法 ,这对计算模拟的普及、电除尘器成本的降低、设计的优化等都具有重要意义     

A/O法活性污泥系统计算机模拟研究

介绍了以活性污泥 1号模型 (ASM1 )和固体通量沉淀模型为基础 ,结合反应器原理 ,用VB6 .0计算机语言建立A/O法活性污泥模拟器的方法 ,探讨了A/O法活性污泥系统的模拟工艺流程、各组分的物料平衡关系和欧拉法数值积分的步长选取等问题。模拟器的校准结果表明 ,该模拟器建立的思路和方法完全正确 ,可以用于A/O法活性污泥系统的模拟和预测。     

寻求湿度系数与风速关系的数学表达式

在中央气象局编制的《湿度查算表》和GB6999-86《环境试验用相对湿度查算表》的基础上,用最小二乘法与搜索法寻求湿度系数A与风速V关系的数学表达式,提出了湿度系数A适用风速V的参照表,这对提高相对湿度的测量准确度有一定帮助。