辐射分解处理废水中的苯酚

采用辐射分解法处理废水中的苯酚,分别测定了辐照时间,剂量率,苯酚起始浓度,溶液pH及加入H2O2对苯酚去除率的影响.结果表明,去除率随辐照时间的延长而提高;总剂量一定的条件下,低剂量率下苯酚降解完全;当苯酚浓度较低时,去除效果较好.pH为中性条件下的去除率大于酸性和碱性;加入一定浓度的H2O2可使苯酚的去除率达到100%.     

Interaction between sorption and biodegradation processes in the contaminant transport

The main goal of this work is to examine in detail the equilibrium and non-equilibrium sorption in a multiple species contaminant transport system undergoing multiplicative Monod biodegradation kinetics, which characterizes a scenario of subsurface contamination by organic contaminants. Mathematically, the problem is given by a nonlinear advection-diffusion-reaction partial differential system coupled by the reaction terms, associated with the biodegradation process. A new operator splitting approach is proposed for treating in a sequential fashion the convective-diffusive and reactive terms. A predictor-multicorrector algorithm with Newton–Raphson and stabilized finite element (streamline-upwind Petrov-Galerkin, SUPG) methods is used in the time and spatial discretizations, respectively. Numerical results illustrate the good applicability of the present approach, corroborating the well-known observation nonlinear physical and biological processes should be inserted in the model that to better predict the contamination scenarios.     

Using thermal analysis with kinetic calculation method to assess the thermal stability of 2-cyanopropan-2-yliminourea

Azo compounds, which are commonly used as initiators and blowing agents, are also typical self-reactive materials capable of undergoing runaway reaction during storage and transportation, which can cause severe fires and accidents. To ensure the thermal safety of azo compounds in the process, transportation, and applications, this study investigated 2-cyanopropan-2-yliminourea, which can also be called V-30. First, thermal decomposition characteristics under the non-isothermal conditions were obtained using differential scanning calorimetry. Second, the collected data were combined with a mathematical model to evaluate the primary thermal hazard during the process for V-30. Then, based on a heat-transfer model, the self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) was extrapolated for consideration and non-consideration of consumption of chemicals. The results showed that SADT of V-30 was less than 80 °C. Therefore, it is essential to avoid a temperature beyond SADT or the cooling system will fail. The influence of consumption was also considered for SADT in this study.     

超声波诱导降解甲胺磷

报道了用超声波诱导降解模拟水中低浓度甲胺磷农药的可行性试验.试验中探讨了声强、辐射时间、温度、初始pH和外加亚铁盐或H2O2等对降解效果的影响.试验结果表明,在甲胺磷浓度为1.0×10-4mol/L、起始pH2.5、温度30℃、Fe2+＞50mg/L、充O2至饱和的条件下,用低频超声波(80W/cm2)连续辐照120min,甲胺磷去除率达到99.3%.     

Politics of Edibility: Reconceptualizing Ecological Relationality

Taking the Infinity Burial Project (IBP) as its inspiration, this essay theorizes a politics of edibility by way of decomposing the discursive boundaries erected between human bodies and environments. In particular, this essay reads the IBP as a deconstruction of another dualism—eater/eaten—that permeates and informs cultural practices from birth to burial. Mobilizing a rhetoric of carnality, the IBP decomposes the human body's relation to its environments, merging its statuses as eater and eaten. At the same time, this rhetoric of carnality also emphasizes the irreducibly productive nature of consumption as an articulatory practice in its own right. As this essay argues, a politics of edibility not only recognizes the superficiality of the body/environment and eater/eaten dichotomies but it also respects the relations generated in the wake of their deconstruction.     

金融节能、金融发展对碳排放变化的影响研究

本文将金融节能与金融发展同时引入传统LMDI分解模型,并融合脱钩弹性指数,分析了两者对碳排放变化的影响机理。在此基础上,本文还检验了1997—2015年中国29个省区金融节能与金融发展的碳排放效应。研究发现:首先,尽管1997—2015年中国碳排放规模的扩张趋势较为明显,短期来看,这一演变仍然大体经历了三个阶段,即碳排放增量持续扩张期、碳排放增量波动下降期以及碳排放增量平稳期。其次,不仅金融节能、金融发展以及经济增长是在短期和长期诱发中国碳排放变化的三个最主要因素,而且前两者对中国碳排放变化的影响还大于后者。再次,金融节能对中国碳排放变化的短期和长期作用方向始终与金融发展对中国碳排放变化的短期和长期作用方向相反。最后,金融节能和金融发展与中国碳排放变化之间在短期内基本维持弱脱钩或强负脱钩两种状态,而在长期呈现强负脱钩状态,通过分解这些脱钩弹性状态的诱因,不仅直接影响和交互影响的作用方向始终相反,而且两者还分别在金融节能与中国碳排放脱钩弹性变动以及金融发展与中国碳排放脱钩弹性变动中发挥截然相反的作用。     

热分解齐化原子吸收光度法测定土壤中汞

固体测汞仪采用热分解齐化原子吸收光度法,此方法可以直接测定土壤中汞的含量。通过实验分析表明:此方法相关系数r≥0.999,检出限为0.01 ng,精密度为6.0%~9.1%,准确度为0%~6.7%,加标回收率为95%~107%。本方法具有简便、快速、准确、干扰少、成本低等优点,适合大批量土壤样品的测定。     

医疗废物无害化处置工艺设计

采取AB型热解两次焚烧(3T控制)和烟气净化处理新技术进行医疗废物无害化处置工艺设计,运行结果表明:该工艺技术能有效地处理医疗废物,具有无二次污染和社会、经济、环境效益好等优点,值得在实践中进一步推广应用。     

介质阻挡放电降解SF6的研究

采用GC-TCD考察介质阻挡放电技术(DBD)处理SF6的效果,并采用红外吸收光谱进行产物分析.结果表明,电源电压的增加、放电时间的延长、气体介质分压的降低,以及少量其它气体(Ar,N2,O2,H2O,空气)的加入能够提高转化效果.另外,SF6的降解率随着空气湿度的增加而增加,28.2 kPa相对湿度为51%的空气与2.0 kPa SF6的混合气体放电后SF6降解率达92%.放电产物包括SiF4,SF4,SOF2,SOF4,SO2F2.     

碱熔-氟离子选择性电极法测定土壤氟含量

用碱熔法处理3个土壤样品,采取不同澄清时间的上清液及过滤后的沉淀物分析土壤氟含量。结果表明,上清液中氟含量测值随着澄清时间的延长而增加,24 h内增加迅速,而后增速趋缓,58 h后基本达到平衡。3个样品澄清平衡后的测值比澄清10 h的测值分别增加了39.4%、21.8%和27.8%。综合澄清平衡后的上清液及沉淀物得到的土壤氟含量测值比高温热水解法的测值仍然分别偏低0.48%、6.17%和11.88%,这是由于溶液中阳离子的存在使氟离子活度降低造成的。采用传统的碱熔法和高温热水解法分别研究了27个土壤样品的氟含量,碱熔法测值与高温热水解法测值相比普遍偏低,相对偏低在4.23%~34.82%之间,平均相对偏低19.12%。