累托石-粉煤灰颗粒吸附剂的制备及除铜性能

研究了累托石-粉煤灰颗粒吸附剂制备工艺条件及其去除铜冶炼废水中Cu(Ⅱ)的条件。实验结果表明:累托石与粉煤灰的比例为7∶3,另加入15%的添加剂(St)和50%的水,焙烧温度为500℃时,制成的颗粒吸附剂不仅吸附效果最佳,而且其散失率较低。在不调节铜冶炼工业废水pH值的条件下,颗粒吸附剂用量为0·01g/mL,作用时间为60min,温度为25℃(常温)时,Cu(Ⅱ)的去除率达99·5%,处理后的水符合国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准。     

垃圾渗沥液腐蚀下污泥灰改性黏土压缩特性及孔隙结构

采用市政污泥为原材料烧制污泥灰,并将污泥灰作为改良添加剂对传统填埋场压实黏土衬垫系统进行改性,以达到实现污泥资源化利用以及减少黏土作为衬垫防渗材料的用量.为评价污泥灰改性黏土作为填埋场衬垫材料的工程特性以及微观结构,通过固结压缩试验、低温氮气吸附试验、颗粒分析试验分别检测改性黏土的压缩特性、微观孔隙结构、颗粒组成.压缩试验结果表明,受垃圾渗沥液腐蚀后的改性黏土,随污泥灰含量的增加,孔隙比增大、压缩量减小;经垃圾渗沥液腐蚀后,改性黏土的压缩系数(α1-2)为0.310~0.391MPa-1,固结系数(Cv)为2.446~2.768cm2/s.低温氮气吸附试验结果表明,改性黏土的吸附-脱附等温线属于Ⅴ型等温线;对于垃圾渗沥液腐蚀的改性黏土,孔径分布呈双肩峰形式,孔径为3~7nm的孔隙占比较大,累计孔容为0.509~0.530cm3/g.颗粒分析试验结果显示,受渗沥液腐蚀后改性黏土颗粒组成差异性明显,粒径>11.5 μm的颗粒为35.09%~49.42%;粒径为2.3~1.5 μm的颗粒为2.35%~7.28%;粒径<2.3 μm的颗粒为46.57%~57.63%.污泥灰改性黏土具有较好的抗垃圾渗滤液腐蚀效果,可将其作为填埋场衬垫材料使用.     

全固废无水泥钢渣重载路面混凝土的研究及工程应用

在完全不使用硅酸盐水泥的条件下,系统研究了以碱溶液激发钢渣、矿渣细粉、粉煤灰等工业废渣粉制备胶凝材料,钢渣为粗细骨料全部代替传统天然砂石,配置路面混凝土。配置出28d抗压强度达44MPa,抗折强度达8.3MPa同时具有良好工作性能的钢渣路面混凝土。进行重载路面工程试验的效果良好。     

Effective rates of heavy metal release from alkaline wastes--quantified by column outflow experiments and inverse simulations

Column outflow experiments operated at steady state flow conditions do not allow the identification of rate limited release processes. This requires an alternative experimental methodology. In this study, the aim was to apply such a methodology in order to identify and quantify effective release rates of heavy metals from granular wastes. Column experiments were conducted with demolition waste and municipal waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash using different flow velocities and multiple flow interruptions. The effluent was analyzed for heavy metals, DOC, electrical conductivity and pH. The breakthrough-curves were inversely modeled with a numerical code based on the advection–dispersion equation with first order mass-transfer and nonlinear interaction terms. Chromium, Copper, Nickel and Arsenic are usually released under non-equilibrium conditions. DOC might play a role as carrier for those trace metals. By inverse simulations, generally good model fits are derived. Although some parameters are correlated and some model deficiencies can be revealed, we are able to deduce physically reasonable release-mass-transfer time scales. Applying forward simulations, the parameter space with equifinal parameter sets was delineated. The results demonstrate that the presented experimental design is capable of identifying and quantifying non-equilibrium conditions. They show also that the possibility of rate limited release must not be neglected in release and transport studies involving inorganic contaminants.     

重金属螯合剂处理焚烧飞灰的稳定性实验研究

对利用重金属螯合剂处理城市垃圾焚烧飞灰的药剂稳定化工艺及处理效果进行了实验研究，并与Na2S和石灰等效果进行了比较，结果表明，该螯合剂投加量0.6%时，捕集飞灰中重金属的效率高达97%以上，为达到相同稳定化效果，螯合剂的使用量要比无机稳定化药剂少得多，同时，14个月的微生物影响实验表明，重金属螯合剂稳定化产物在填埋场环境下，其稳定性不受微生物活动的影响。     

燃煤掺烧固硫中的节能探讨

本文对燃煤掺烧固硫中的节能问题进行了探讨.试验表明:掺烧适量的钙基固硫剂,不但能提高灰渣熔点,改善结焦性能,强化燃烧,而且可以使总发热量有所提高.因此,掺烧固硫具有节能效果.     

用电厂粉煤灰试制枸溶性磷肥的研究

本文对用粉煤灰制肥料的可行性进行了研究,选用磷矿石、助熔剂,添加剂和粉煤灰以适当的比例混合后熔融,使混合物料中的非枸溶性成分转化成能被植物吸收的枸溶性成分。经上百次熔融实验,对物料的配比及工艺条件进行筛选,确定出最佳配料参数和工艺操作条件。所研制肥料的吃灰量可达40％,并具有复合肥的作用和较好的肥效。     

用粉煤灰及贮灰场系统处理化纤和棉浆造纸污水

研究了利用粉煤灰及贮灰场系统大规模处理化纤和棉浆造纸污水,试验结果表明,这一方法可行的。对污水中COD,BOD_5、Zn、SS的去除率分别可达69.0％、81.7％、93.7％和51.3％。     

Assessing the health risk of reuse of bottom ash in road paving

Although the reuse of bottom ash has been favored gradually, reflected on regulations and researches, the associated risk is still an issue of great concern. This study quantified the health risks from multimedia transport and multi-pathway exposure to the concerned chemicals as a result of reusing bottom ash in road paving with consideration of various application scenarios. In particular, the using duration of the pavement was taken into consideration because movement of chemicals in the soils and groundwater would affect the subsequent exposure and risk. By using soil and groundwater transport modeling linked to food chain exposure assessment and incorporating the Monte Carlo method, the study identified Cr as the crucial toxicant and ingestion of drinking water and vegetables as the key exposure pathways. Furthermore, control of the using duration of road pavement is an essential factor of management and regulations to minimize the leaching of the hazardous constituents into the groundwater and subsequent contamination of food chain.     

改性粉煤灰与过氧化氢联合作用深度处理皂素生产废水的研究

利用改性粉煤灰与过氧化氢(H2O2)联合的方法对二次处理过的皂素生产废水进行深度处理,研究了pH、改性粉煤灰投加量、H2O2投加量、反应时间对皂素生产废水脱色率和COD去除率的影响,分析了其作用机制.结果表明,试验最佳条件为:pH=6、反应时间60 min、改性粉煤灰投加量10 g/L、H2O2投加量4 mL/L.在最...