石灰/粉煤灰水合反应制备高活性脱硫剂机理分析

以粉煤灰的特殊结构为基础 ,分析了石灰 粉煤灰水合反应制备高活性脱硫剂的反应产物、反应过程 ,以及添加剂和压力水合的机制     

燃煤灰渣建材利用产生的辐射影响评价

燃煤灰渣建材利用是解决粉煤灰问题的一个重要途径,而燃煤灰渣对煤中伴生的天然放射性物质的富集使得在对粉煤灰渣进行建材利用时要特别注意其放射性对人类和环境产生的辐射影响。本文依据国家相关标准对燃煤灰渣建材利用产生的辐射影响评价方法作一些探讨,并参考现有的数据对燃煤灰渣建材利用的辐射影响进行了初步评价。研究认为,以现有的灰渣建材利用水平,其产生的辐射影响几乎可以忽略。     

掺粉煤灰水泥砂浆抗稀硫酸侵蚀的试验研究

为研究稀硫酸侵蚀掺粉煤灰水泥砂浆的规律,对砂浆试块进行长期浸泡试验,用滴酸法间接测得腐蚀速率并结合偏相关理论分析了影响砂浆试块腐蚀速率各个因素。分析表明:pH值相同时,粉煤灰掺量0%~30%的砂浆试块的腐蚀过程符合浓度边界层溶解反应模型;试块的流动度与抗腐蚀能力呈负相关;掺粉煤灰并不能明显改善水泥砂浆的抗稀硫酸侵蚀的性能。     

循环半干法烟气脱硫对循环灰堵塞的分析及对策

以某130 t/h机组循环半干法烟气脱硫典型工程为例,通过调试运行,分析循环灰的堵塞问题,并提出几种对应措施。对新、老机组项目的运行、维护都非常经济、实用。     

城市污泥用于铅锌矿区重金属污染修复的试验研究

选取黔西北矿渣为研究对象,研究了城市污泥改良矿区重金属污染的可行性和存在的问题,同时在借鉴前人利用污泥的经验基础之上,通过盆栽试验,探讨了纯污泥和不同配比的粉煤灰钝化污泥对铅锌冶炼废渣中重金属有效性的影响,以及不同处理的栽培基质对玉米的生长发育、营养状况和植株中重金属累积的影响,并分析了粉煤灰钝化污泥在矿山土地复垦中的应用前景,以为粉煤灰和污泥的土地利用提供一定的依据,达到既能充分利用这些固体废弃物资源又不污染环境的目的。     

新型颗粒粉煤灰净水剂对六价铬的吸附

采用自制颗粒粉煤灰净水剂,研究其对水溶液中的六价铬离子的吸附性能和影响因素,探讨了该净水剂对六价铬的吸附机理。研究表明:颗粒粉煤灰能有效吸附水溶液中的六价铬离子;影响吸附效果的因素重要性顺序为:pH>净水剂投加量>振荡时间>温度;该净水剂对六价铬吸附与Langmuir吸附等温方程和Freundlich吸附等温方程均很吻合,属于单分子层吸附;液膜扩散起主要作用,吸附过程符合二级动力学方程。     

Reductive transformation of p-nitrotoluene by a new iron-fly ash packing

A new iron-fly ash packing was studied for reductive transformation of p-nitrotoluene. The packing was made of iron, fly ash and kaolin with the mass ratio of 36:7:2. A reactor was designed to investigate the long-term performance of the packing. The results showed that the reduction of p-nitrotoluene increased with decreasing pH, because the reduction potential of reaction increased with the concentration of H⁺. The pH was one of the key factors impacting the reductive transformation of p-nitrotoluene. Comparing iron-activated carbon packing with the new iron-fly ash packing, the reduction efficiencies were respectively 76.61% and 75.36% after 20 days. The reduction efficiency for both was around 50% at 40 days. It was evident that these two kinds of packing had no significant difference in their capability for p-nitrotoluene reductive transformation. Compared with iron-activated carbon, the new iron-fly ash packing had obvious advantages in terms of manufacturing costs and environmental pollution degradation. This study showed that the new iron-fly ash packing had good performance in reductive transformation of nitrotoluene compounds.     

Sorption of pyrene from water by oil shale ash and mineral particles

The aim of this work was to estimate the sorption of pyrene from water solutions on mineral substrates, e.g., alumina, silica, and oil shale ash, from the Estonian thermal plant. Results obtained from this study indicate that the sorption of pyrene on mineral oxides and oil shale ash particles from water can be described with a linear equation. The sorptive capacity per weight of oil shale ash in aqueous systems was significantly lower compared with mineral adsorbents. The distribution coefficient (K_d) for pyrene in the system with particles of oil shale ash was 10–12 times lower as than for mineral adsorbents.     

Disposal of Coal Fly Ash at A Deep Water Site in the Eastern Mediterranean Off Israel - Six Years of Monitoring

Coal fly ash (CFA) is dumped at a deep sea disposal site (1,500m water depth) in the eastern Mediterranean, ca. 70km off the Israeli shore. Since 1989, about one million tons of CFA were dumped at the 200km² allocated area. Six years of monitoring at the dump-site shows that the CFA is heterogeneously distributed; there are areas where CFA covers about 1.3cm depth of the sea floor while at others no CFA is found. CFA is present as a fine powder, small aggregates and even as large blocks both in the dump-site as well as at its peripheries. Cadmium, copper and zinc concentrations in the CFA decreased as a result of the prolonged contact with sea water at in situ conditions while inconclusive changes in mercury, iron and manganese were detected. No changes were observed for lead, iron and aluminium concentrations. A controlled long term field experiment, now in progress at the site, is expected to clarify further chemical changes occurring in the CFA.     

Properties of alkali-activated fly ash: high performance to lightweight

Alkali ash material (AAM) concrete is a unique material that is sustainable and cost-effective because it utilises waste fly ash, and has properties superior to other concrete products. The AAM concrete described here is produced from the addition of inexpensive chemicals to fly ash. AAM can be used to create a wide range of materials including high performance concrete (HPC-AAM) and lightweight (LW-AAM). The high performance AAM provides rapid strength gain along with high ultimate strengths of more than 110 MPa (16000 psi). LW-AAM can produce materials with densities ranging from 1200 to 2200 kg/m³ and compressive strengths from 2 (290 psi) to 65 MPa (9500 psi). Both HPC-AAM and LW-AAM have far better environmental resistance than Portland cement concrete, resisting attack from sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and organic acids. AAMs resists freeze–thaw attack and high abrasion, possesses low chloride permeability and does not exhibit alkali silica reactivity.