粉煤灰基陶瓷微滤膜处理水中悬浮物的抗污染特性

粉煤灰基陶瓷微滤膜是一种新型的廉价无机膜,为研究其抗污染性能,研究了自制的管式膜在处理几种典型料液中的分离性能和渗透性能.考察了过滤不同料液过程中的阻力构成和膜的抗污染特性,并且和文献报道的同类过程中其他膜材料的性能进行了比较.实验进行了2～45 h无反冲、无清洗的连续运行.在过滤粉煤灰悬浮液、高龄土悬浮液和斜生栅藻悬浮液过程中,截留率可以达到100％,过滤阻力低于类似条件下的其他膜材料,在长时间运行后仍能保持较高的通量,表现出良好的抗污染性能.在过滤活性污泥时,截留率达到99.8％,单位压力下过滤通量达到1 170 L/(m·h·MPa).和其他膜材料相比,单位压力下的过滤通量表现出明显的优势.     

富营养污水简易集成治理方法研究

以粉煤灰制成空心多功能污水处理材料,用该污水处理材料填充成五级絮凝降解过滤箱,在曝气协同下组成集吸附絮凝过滤与化学降解于一体的富营养水处理系统.在富营养水流量、曝气量分别为60L/h、40L/m3·h的工艺条件下,富营养水的可溶性盐、色度、CODcr、BOD5、氨氮、总磷等主要污染物指标分别降低93%、90%、95%、90%、86%和92%.该富营养水处理系统具有处理效果好、工艺简单和结构紧凑的特点.     

粉煤灰测定若干消化方法的比较研究

采用多种消化法对粉煤灰标样进行消化处理,通过较系统的实验分析对比,寻求到了最佳消化体系,取得了较满意的结果.实验中采用直接火焰原子吸收法对其中微量铜、锌、铬元素含量进行测定;采用导数-原子捕集-火焰原子吸收法对其中痕量铅、镉进行测定.     

Study on preparation and microwave absorption property of the core-nanoshell composite materials doped with La

Microwave absorbing material plays a great role in electromagnetic pollution controlling, electromagnetic interference shielding and stealth technology, etc. The core-nanoshell composite materials doped with La were prepared by a solid-state reaction method, which is applied to the electromagnetic wave absorption. The core is magnetic fly-ash hollow cenosphere, and the shell is the nanosized ferrite doped with La. The thermal decomposition process of the sample was investigated by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The morphology and components of the composite materials were investigated by the X-ray diffraction analysis, the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results of vibrating sample magnetometer analysis indicated that the exchange-coupling interaction happens between ferrite of magnetic fly-ash hollow cenosphere and nanosized ferrite coating, which caused outstanding magnetic properties. The microwave absorbing property of the sample was measured by reflectivity far field radar cross section of radar microwave absorbing material with vector network analyzer. The results indicated that the exchange-coupling interaction enhanced magnetic loss of composite materials. Therefore, in the frequency of 5 GHz, the reflection coefficient can achieve ?24 dB. It is better than single material and is consistent with requirements of the microwave absorbing material at the low-frequency absorption.     

Remediation rates and translocation of heavy metals from contaminated soil through Parthenium hysterophorus

The potential translocation of heavy metals by Parthenium hysterophorus over 30 and 90 days and its effect on biomass, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity were studied on 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100% fly-ash-amended soil (FAS). The results showed a decrease in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic area on exposure to 50–100% FAS. Heavy metal reduction was in the order Pb>Cd>Zn>Fe>according to accumulation trends. The plant exhibited good biomass growth on exposure to 25–50% FAS, but this decreased at>100% FAS. Heavy metal concentrations in P. hysterophorus after 90 days of the experiment were in the order Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd>Ni. Parthenium hysterophorus was suitable for translocating Fe, Zn and Cu based on translocation factors (TF=1.5, 1.3 and 1.05), but was more efficient for Pb, Ni and Cd (TF=8.5, 4.3 and 3.3). Plant uptake of Pb, Ni and Cd was high, whereas translocation of Fe, Zn and Cu was poor. These results indicated that P. hysterophorus can efficiently reduce heavy metal pollution in soil.     

粉煤灰资源化利用趋势灰色预测

运用灰色系统原理,对上海地区粉煤灰的排放及各项利用进行了分析,提出该地区粉煤灰综合利用趋势的预测模型;在此基础上对1990年、1995年和2000年该地区粉煤灰综合利用状况进行了各项预测分析;为电厂规划和管理及粉煤灰资源开发利用提供了必要的理论依据。     

应用粉煤灰制作脱氮吸附剂的探讨

本文主要讨论了应用粉煤灰、硅酸盐类矿物等廉价原料加碱制作成的吸附剂对氮氧化物的去除效果,以及氯化物对吸附剂活性的影响。     

在线飞灰测碳仪在燃煤锅炉中的应用

介绍了在线飞灰测碳仪工作原理和系统结构,通过其在中石化某自备电厂燃煤锅炉的实际应用,说明了燃煤锅炉使用在线飞灰测碳仪后,锅炉司炉能随时掌握飞灰含碳量波动情况,及时调整风粉比,合理控制飞灰含碳量指标,从而降低了发电成本,提高了机组运行的经济性。     

燃煤电厂粉煤灰放射性污染影响及其控制管理技术研究

介绍了粉煤灰的应用和放射性污染现状,指出了粉煤灰的放射性对人体健康具有潜在威胁.详细分析了放射性物质在燃煤中的富集规律,以及粉煤灰中放射性物质的污染影响途径.介绍了天然放射性核素含量的测量方法以及检测标准,并对减少粉煤灰放射性污染提出了几点建议.     

粉煤灰活化技术在诺砂制品中的应用研究

对激发粉煤灰活性的方法(物理活化和化学活化)进行了探讨,提出了一种能够大幅度提高粉煤灰活性的有效方法——细磨和化学激发复合方法。用此法活化粉煤灰制得的诺砂制品,其早期强度显著提高。同时对其活化机理进行了分析。