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At a rice-wheat rotational free-air CO2 enrichment(FACE) platform, the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil nematode communities in a farmland ecosystem was studied. Wheat plots were exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 (ambient 370 μl/L 200 μl/L).32 families and 40 genera of nematode were observed in soil suspensions during the study period. Under FACE treatment, the numbers of total nematodes, bacterivores and fungivores exhibited an increasing trend. Because of the seasonal variation of soil temperature and moisture, the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on soil nematodes was only observed under favorable conditions. The response of nematode communities to elevated atmospheric CO2 may indicate the change of soil food web. 相似文献
13.
在对大背坞地区双桥山群变质岩中“斑点构造”研究的基础上发现了同生碎屑-一种发育于沉积岩中反映动荡沉积环境的典型沉积构造,为进一步证实双桥山群属于半深海-深海的浊流相沉积环境特点提供重要依据,通过详细的构造变形分析,确认双桥山群主要经历了区域紧闭褶皱和韧性剪切两期构造变形,运用平衡剖面方法和应变测量估算双桥山群褶皱变形的地壳缩短量为71.6%,双桥山群地层层内压扁变形压缩率为23.1%~45.3%,在对大背钨韧性剪切带进行系统研究后,建立了一套浅变质碎屑中进变质韧性剪切带的识别标志,进而对该区韧性剪切带进行 划分和厘定,同时依据韧性剪切带中同生碎屑和同构造变斑晶的应变测量结果(Kxz值),估算出大背坞韧性剪切带剪应变(γ)为1.01~2.13、最大剪位移量为0.6~0.8km。结合区域构造演化分析,认为双桥山群褶皱变形形成于晋宁期,韧性剪切变形发生于燕山期,前者是扬子地块基底岩系形成时期,后者是鹅湖花岗岩侵位和隆升过程中引发的花岗岩外围地区变质岩的以垂向剪切运动为特征的韧性剪切变形作用。 相似文献
14.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):517-530
Graphite carbon nitride has many excellent properties as a two-dimensional semiconductor material so that it has a wide application prospect in the field of photocatalysis. However, the traditional problems such as high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers limit its application. In this work, we introduce nitrogen deficiency into g-C3N4 to solve this problem a simple and safe in-situ reduction method. g-C3N4/CaCO3 was obtained by a simple and safe one-step calcination method with industrial-grade micron particles CaCO3. Cyano group modification was in-situ reduced during the thermal polymerization process, which would change the internal electronic structure of g-C3N4. The successful combination of g-C3N4 and CaCO3 and the introduction of cyanide have been proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The formation of the cyano group, an electron-absorbing group, promotes the effective separation of photogenic electron hole pairs and inhibits the recombination of photogenic carriers. These advantages result in the generation of more •O2− and 1O2 in the catalytic system, which increases the photocatalytic efficiency of nicotine degradation by ten times. Furthermore, the degradation process of nicotine has been studied in this work to provide a basis for the degradation of nicotine organic pollutants in the air. 相似文献
16.
通过批次实验探究了不同有机物对铁盐化学除磷的影响.结果显示,有机物对铁盐化学除磷的不利影响由强到弱依次为柠檬酸、黄腐酸、聚山梨酯-80、牛血清蛋白、葡萄糖、淀粉,柠檬酸的影响程度为其他五种有机物的5~20倍.较之含羟基有机物,含羧基有机物对铁盐除磷的不利影响更大.研究表明:铁盐化学除磷的实质是通过形成铁羟基氧化物(HFO)来除磷.含羧基有机物,如柠檬酸,可与磷酸根竞争HFO,有机物"抢占"HFO表面结合位点导致磷酸盐与HFO结合减少,从而使铁盐除磷效果下降.在所试柠檬酸浓度范围内,铁盐除磷率最高下降了90.70%. 相似文献
17.
18.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):396-407
Based on the experimental and theoretical methods, the NO selective catalytic oxidation process was proposed. The experimental results indicated that lattice oxygen was the active site for NO oxide over the -MnO2(110) surface. In the theoretical study, DFT (density functional theory) and periodic slab modeling were performed on an -MnO2(110) surface, and two possible NO oxidation mechanisms over the surface were proposed. The non-defect -MnO2(110) surface showed the highest stability, and the surface Os (the second layer oxygen atoms) position was the most active and stable site. O2 molecule enhanced the joint adsorption process of two NO molecules. The reaction process, including O2 dissociation and O=N-O-O-N=O formation, was calculated to carry out the NO catalytic oxidation mechanism over -MnO2(110). The results showed that NO oxidation over the -MnO2(110) surface exhibited the greatest possibility following the route of O=N-O-O-N=O formation. Meanwhile, the formation of O=N-O-O-N=O was the rate-determining step. 相似文献
19.
Georgios E. Pavlikakis Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(2):277-288
ABSTRACT: The Ecosystem Management (EM) process belongs to the category of Multi‐Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problems. It requires appropriate decision support systems (DSS) where “all interested people” would be involved in the decision making process. Environmental values critical to EM, such as the biological diversity, health, productivity and sustainability, have to be studied, and play an important role in modeling the ecosystem functions; human values and preferences also influence decision making. Public participation in decision and policy making is one of the elements that differentiate EM from the traditional methods of management. Here, a methodology is presented on how to quantify human preferences in EM decision making. The case study of the National Park of River Nestos Delta and Lakes Vistonida and Ismarida in Greece, presented as an application of this methodology, shows that the direct involvement of the public, the quantification of its preferences and the decision maker's attitude provide a strong tool to the EM decision making process. Public preferences have been given certain weights and three MCDM methods, namely, the Expected Utility Method, Compromise Programming and the Analytic Hierarchy Process, have been used to select alternative management solutions that lead to the best configuration of the ecosystem and are also socially acceptable. 相似文献
20.
Mechanical Properties with the Functional Group of Additives for Starch/PVA Blend Film 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper deals with the mechanical properties and degree of swelling (DS) of starch/PVA blend film with the functional groups
i.e., hydroxyl and carboxyl group, of additives. Starch/PVA blend films were prepared by using the mixing process. Glycerol
(GL) with 3 hydroxyl group, sorbitol (SO) with 6 hydroxyl group, succinic acid (SA) with 2 carboxyl group, malic acid (MA)
with 1 hydroxyl and 2 carboxyl group, tartaric acid (TA) with 2 hydroxyl and 2 carboxyl group and citric acid (CA) with 1
hydroxyl and 3 carboxyl group were used as additives. The results of measured tensile strength (TS) and elongation (%E) verified
that both hydroxyl and carboxyl group as a functional groups increased the flexibility and strength of the film. Values of
DS for GL-added and SA-added films were low. However, DS values of the films added MA, TA or CA with both hydroxyl and carboxyl
group were comparatively high. When the film was dried at low temperature, the properties of the films were evidently improved.
The reason is probably because the hydrogen bonding was activated at low temperature. 相似文献