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691.
N2O的环境效应及其防逸技术的发展趋势 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
论述了N2O的环境效应,重点阐述了N2O的温室效应及其对人类活动的影响。列举了各国政府为控制包括N2O在内的温室气体的排放所采取的政策。概括了N2O防逸技术的研究进展,认为固定化细胞技术有望在该领域取得突破性进展。 相似文献
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693.
气相色谱法测定大气中烯烃的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用硅胶-AgNO3富集样品,热解吸进样,气相色谱法分析大气中的烃一,富集过程在常温下进行。当富集样品0.1L时,乙烯,丙烯,丁二烯的最小检有度分别为0.0006mg/m^3,0.001mg/m^3、0.004mg/m^3,相对标准偏差小于6%,加标回收率97%-109%。 相似文献
694.
系统地介绍了国外高温煤气脱硫剂的研究开发现状,指出我国重点研究开发铁系、锰系、锌系、铜系和钙系脱硫剂。 相似文献
695.
Franois Oehler Paul Bordenave Patrick Durand 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2007,120(2-4):313-324
We measured denitrification at 15 sites during 1 year in a agricultural catchment in Brittany, France. Our objective was to assess the relative importance of heterotrophic denitrification on the fate of excess nitrogen at the catchment scale, and to quantify the relative importance of riparian areas on the N2O emissions. Using the C2H2 inhibition technique, denitrification rate on soil core and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) were each determined, for samples taken from two soil layers: 0–20 and 20–40 cm. Denitrification rates, ranging from 0 to 417 mg N m−2 d−1, were significantly higher in riparian areas than for hillslopes (median of 24.87 against 10.38 mg N m−2 d−1). However, since denitrification rates are significant in the hillslope and given that hillslope surface area is much greater (79% of catchment surface), this domain could be responsible for half of the overall denitrified nitrogen (N). Also, the 20–40 cm deep soil layer was found to account for more than 46% of the denitrification. The DEA indicates the potential for denitrifying activity by the soil under non-limiting conditions, measured values ranged from 76.48 to 530.63 ng N g−1 dry soil h−1. The ratio N2O/(N2O + N2) was about 60% with no clear spatial or temporal trends. Soil moisture appeared to be the main limiting factor for denitrification at the field scale. The results suggest that, for this catchment, denitrification is a major route for nitrogen removal, but a significant proportion of this removal occurs as N2O. 相似文献
696.
屠宰废水是一种常见的食品加工废水,废水中有机污染物浓度较高,且含有脂肪、蛋白质等大分子有机物和毛发、动物内脏等杂物.絮凝气浮 CASS组合工艺在铁岭某肉鸡屠宰公司废水处理工程应用中,取得了较为显著的效果,CODcr去除率98%,BOD5去除率98%,SS去除率98%,氨氮去除率58%,动植物油去除率91%;出水水质均满足GB13457-92<肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准>要求.该工艺具有投资少、操作简单、处理效果好、便于管理的特点,易于在同类食品加工废水处理中推广应用. 相似文献
697.
半干法烟道气脱硫影响因素的理论分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了半干法烟气脱硫的理论模型,分析了各种影响因素,以反应时间和液滴干燥时间为基础数据,优化出液滴在脱硫干燥塔内的停留时间,由停留时间确定脱硫塔高度,由处理的烟气流量确定塔径. 相似文献
698.
Fearnside Philip M. Lashof Daniel A. Moura-Costa Pedro 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2000,5(3):239-270
Many proposed activities formitigating global warming in the land-use change and forestry(LUCF) sector differ from measures to avoid fossilfuel emissions because carbon (C) may be held out ofthe atmosphere only temporarily. In addition, thetiming of the effects is usually different. Many LUCFactivities alter C fluxes to and from the atmosphereseveral decades into the future, whereas fossil fuelemissions avoidance has immediate effects. Non-CO2 greenhouse gases (GHGs), which are animportant part of emissions from deforestation inlow-latitude regions, also pose complications forcomparisons between fossil fuel and LUCF, since themechanism generally used to compare these gases(global warming potentials) assumes simultaneousemissions. A common numeraire is needed to expressglobal warming mitigation benefits of different kindsof projects, such as fossil fuel emissions reduction,C sequestration in forest plantations, avoideddeforestation by creating protected areas and throughpolicy changes to slow rates of land-use changes suchas clearing. Megagram (Mg)-year (also known as`ton-year') accounting provides a mechanism forexpressing the benefits of activities such as these ona consistent basis. One can calculate the atmosphericload of each GHG that will be present in each year,expressed as C in the form of CO2 and itsinstantaneous impact equivalent contributed by othergases. The atmospheric load of CO2-equivalent Cpresent over a time horizon is a possible indicator ofthe climatic impact of the emission that placed thisload in the atmosphere. Conversely, this index alsoprovides a measure of the benefit of notproducing the emission. One accounting methodcompares sequestered CO2 in trees with theCO2 that would be in the atmosphere had thesequestration project not been undertaken, whileanother method (used in this paper) compares theatmospheric load of C (or equivalent in non-CO2GHGs) in both project and no-project scenarios.Time preference, expressed by means of a discount rateon C, can be applied to Mg-year equivalencecalculations to allow societal decisions regarding thevalue of time to be integrated into the system forcalculating global warming impacts and benefits. Giving a high value to time, either by raising thediscount rate or by shortening the time horizon,increases the value attributed to temporarysequestration (such as many forest plantationprojects). A high value for time also favorsmitigation measures that have rapid effects (such asslowing deforestation rates) as compared to measuresthat only affect emissions years in the future (suchas creating protected areas in countries with largeareas of remaining forest). Decisions on temporalissues will guide mitigation efforts towards optionsthat may or may not be desirable on the basis ofsocial and environmental effects in spheres other thanglobal warming. How sustainable development criteriaare incorporated into the approval and creditingsystems for activities under the Kyoto Protocol willdetermine the overall environmental and social impactsof pending decisions on temporal issues. 相似文献
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