Implementation of the ecosystem services approach in Swedish municipal planning

While ecosystem-based planning approaches are increasingly promoted through international and national policies, municipalities are still struggling with translating them into practice. Against this background, this paper aims to increase the knowledge of current advances and possible ways to support the implementation of the ecosystem services (ES) approach at the municipal level. More specifically, we analyze how ES have been integrated into comprehensive planning within the municipality of Malmö in Sweden over the last 60 years, a declared forerunner in local environmental governance. Based on a content analysis of comprehensive plans over the period 1956–2014 and interviews with municipal stakeholders, this paper demonstrates how planning has shifted over time toward a more holistic view of ES and their significance for human well-being and urban sustainability. Both explicit and implicit applications of the ES concept were found in the analyzed comprehensive plans and associated programs and projects. Our study shows how these applications reflect international, national, and local policy changes, and indicates how municipalities can gradually integrate the ES approach into comprehensive planning and facilitate the transition from implicit to more explicit knowledge use.     

国家重点研发计划“水资源高效开发利用”重点专项系统化管理研究

根据《国家重点研发计划管理暂行办法》,国家重点研发计划重点专项和项目要聚焦国家重大战略、以目标为导向,从基础前沿、重大共性关键技术到应用示范进行全链条创新设计、一体化组织实施。为有效完成科技计划管理改革对专业机构项目过程管理提出的新要求,本文简要阐述专业机构对"水资源高效开发利用"重点专项管理的设想,为其他以技术研发与应用示范为主要产出形式的科研项目提供借鉴。     

基于微信公众平台的地震信息发布研究

随着智能手机的普及、移动互联网的高速发展,微信公众平台依托多媒体图文推送、及时性、互动方便快捷等优势,在地震信息发布中扮演越来越重要的角色。为了提高地震政务微信服务的针对性和有效性,统计了57个已认证地震微信公众号,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,对于其发布信息的特点进行分析与归纳。给出了当前地震政务微信在内容上、发布形式上、互动性等多方面存在的问题。最后,针对地震微信公众平台的信息发布特点提出了对策建议。     

Planning for compact urban forms: local growth-management approaches and their evolution over time

Urban growth is a key issue for spatial planning as it influences urban patterns and disrupts open landscapes. To effectively steer urban growth towards compact urban forms, many growth-management policies have been developed over recent decades. However, few studies have assessed how municipal policy mixes have evolved over time. In our representative Swiss-wide survey, we evaluated the prevalence and the time of introduction of 18 policies. Our results indicate that large municipalities use a broad range of reinforcing policies over decades. In contrast, small municipalities mostly rely on conventional land-use regulations. The lack of innovative, incentive-based policies casts doubt on small municipalities' ability to effectively manage urban growth. However, our analyses reveal recent efforts by small municipalities to diversify approaches to growth management and adopt innovative policies. These efforts should be supported by guiding small municipalities in their policy choices, and providing support to those lacking planning capacity.     

锦州市污染减排信息管理系统方案设计

污染减排信息管理系统是综合运用计算机技术、GIS技术、数据库技术和网络技术等,构建对重点污染源减排信息的动态系统,为环境管理提供数字化管理工具。结合锦州市污染减排信息管理系统的设计,论述了锦州市污染减排信息管理系统的思路与方法。     

关于环境监测中的质量保证的几点思考

环境监测质量保证工作不断得到加强才能使环境监测在环境管理中发挥更好的服务作用,本文阐述了提高现场监测质量保证的具体措施以及建立环境监测质量信息管理平台的意义、核心思想及重要因素。     

浅谈石化企业体系审核策划的增值

从审核方案策划和审核实施策划两个方面就审核策划的增值方案制订、实施方式和途径进行了探讨。     

应急管理地理信息系统设计及实现

介绍了面向石油化工企业的应急管理地理信息系统的功能设计及实现,利用遥感影像配合矢量图实现地理信息支撑平台,满足企业日常安全管理和应急响应过程中地图浏览、查询定位、空间分析、事故影响范围模拟计算及可视化展示、专题图及属性浏览、动态信息集成等功能需要。     

大庆油田景观生态规划研究

通过大庆油田景观生态现状调查,分析存在的景观生态环境问题,提出切合实际的景观生态规划目标和原则,综合考虑油田生产设施用地、城镇用地、耕地、草地、林地、湿地以及未利用土地等因素,制定以土地利用类型、方式、强度和布局调整及生态基础设施建设为主的规划措施,旨在维护油田景观生态格局在区域背景下的功能和结构的完整和健康,强化景观生态系统生物生产、环境服务和文化支持的功能,实现油田生产与生态环境和谐共生。     

低冲击发展模式下水源地保护的新路径

中国水源地保护与城镇发展矛盾较为突出。在现有水源保护区分级管理制度下,仅对排污口控制,不足以保障水源地安全。在污染物排放破坏水源地环境的表象下,水源地城镇的功能布局和建设方式是影响水源地安全的本质原因,而相关的管控措施十分缺乏。低冲击发展模式是城市与自然和谐相处的一种发展模式,它有利于保障水的健康循环,减轻水污染及保护水源地生态环境,是从根本上保护水源地安全的规划途径之一。因此,水源地保护应在全流域视角下,采取低冲击发展模式对建设进行合理引导。