循环型农业的含义、经济学解读及其政策含义

首先讨论了循环型农业的含义及其特点，并与现代常规农业、生态农业、绿色农业和持续农业进行了比较；然后从经济学角度对循环型农业进行了解读，认为循环型农业可通过区域大循环的规模经济和结构效应以及企业小循环的产业链增值两方面获得效益：并提出，加快科技进步、促进产业结构调整、加强区域处理中心建设以及建立和完善支持政策措施是促进循环型农业顺利发展的重要内容。     

An Interpretation of the Influential Power of China Development

Through the analysis on China’s economic development, utilization of resource environment and soft power, a basic judgment was made of the influence of "China development". The overall influential power of China development on international community was misunderstood. What we see is the role of "China Factor" in different fields. In the process of economic globalization, what economic system of capitalist market has seen is "China’s cheap labor", "China’s loose economic system environment", "earlier abuse of unlimited resource environment", "China’s broad consumption market" and "demographic dividend". In global or Asian financial crisis, what other countries valued was China’s "foreign currency" accumulated over the years. In global governance or crisis management, what international community expected was "China’s obligations and responsibilities" without the right of speech, etc.. All these are the "passive" roles produced by "a single factor" in definite fields. The active and initiative role China will play in international community still needs time and the continuous efforts of several generations. China once was a big country that had significant influential power on the world, and China’s renaissance is a normal process of development of things. What excessive talks about its influential power reflect may be the lack of China’s influence.     

“中国发展”影响力的一种解读

通过对中国经济发展、资源环境利用以及软实力的分析,对“中国发展”产生的影响作出了基本判断:“中国发展”在国际社会中的整体影响力被误认,我们看到的依然是“中国因素”在不同领域发挥的作用.在经济全球化过程中,资本主义市场经济体系看到的是“中国低廉的劳动力”、“中国宽松的经济制度环境”、“早期没有限制的资源环境滥用”以及“中国广阔的消费市场与人口红利”;在全球或亚洲金融危机中,其他国家看重的是中国多年积累的“外汇”;在全球治理或危机处理中,国际社会期望的是没有话语权的“中国义务和责任”,等等.这些都是“单一因素”在特定领域中产生的“被”作用.中国对国际社会发挥积极和主动性影响作用还需要时间,需要几代人的继续努力.中国曾经是世界上极有影响的大国,中国的崛起是事物发展的正常过程,过多地谈论其影响反映的也许是其影响力的缺乏.     

“The End of the Ice Age?”: Disappearing World Heritage and the Climate Change Communication Imperative

Rapid environmental change in vulnerable destinations has stimulated a new form of travel termed “last chance tourism” (LCT). Studies have examined the risks of LCT, while leaving potential opportunities within this new tourism market largely underexplored. Results of survey (n?=?399) research in Jasper National Park, Canada reveal that a LCT motivation influences decisions to visit this iconic Canadian destination, and suggest that this motivation is linked to a desire to learn about the impacts of climate change on the Athabasca Glacier. Findings suggest there may be short to medium term opportunities associated with LCT, including promoting climate change ambassadorship through management interventions. This paper discusses a range of possible education, interpretive, and outreach activities that might be employed at LCT destinations. It outlines the relative merits (or what we refer to as “uneasy benefits”) of promoting the glacier and other LCT destinations within a protected areas management and climate change adaptation context.     

航空遥感影像上震害解译的结构模型与几何特征的获取

首先给出了基于航空遥感影像的震害分类方案及各种震害在遥感图像上的主要特征，提出了一种震害解译的结构模型。然后讨论了震害的几何测度指标，并研究了震害几何特征的获取，最后对遥感影像震害解译的前景进行了展望。     

农村居民点整治潜力测算方法研究进展与展望

在快速工业化、城镇化背景下,我国农村空心化日益加剧,以空心村整治为重点的农村居民点整治势在必行。科学评估和测算整治潜力,是农村居民点整治的首要任务。论文通过梳理农村居民点整治潜力测算方法的相关研究成果,旨在为推进我国空心村整治实践提供技术参考。首先,文章简要回顾了人均建设用地标准法、户均建设用地标准法、闲置土地抽样调查法等农村居民点整治潜力测算的基本方法及其优缺点;其次,详细介绍了多因素综合潜力测算法、遥感判读法等潜力测算的新方法。论文认为,未来农村居民点整治潜力测算研究需重点关注以下三个方面：1）加强遥感技术的应用;2）评价指标体系的构建应体现综合性和地域差异性的统一;3）以乡村空间重构和村镇建设格局为导向,加强整治潜力评价指标的动态预测。     

王港河流域水环境质量溯源调查分析

以王港河流域为研究对象,根据2016—2020年、2021年1月29日—31日2个时间段的水质历史监测数据、2020年高分遥感影像解译结果和对高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷指标的加密监测数据及现场核查,对王港河流域水环境质量范围进行了溯源调查分析。结果表明,2016—2020年,王港河流域水质逐年好转;遥感解译共289个工业企业地块,102个水产养殖地块,169个畜禽养殖地块,92个疑似污染水体地块;王港河流域上游水质明显好于下游,下游沿线支流水质较差,畜禽养殖污染占比较高,是影响水质的主要原因,此外,沿河乡镇生活污水和工业污水收集处理效率低,以及工业园区工业污染源、农场农田退水、水产养殖排水也是影响水质的重要原因。     

A training model for environmental educators and interpreters employed in Greek protected areas and ecotourism settings

In Greece, environmental interpretation is in its infancy as an academic field. In particular, there are no nature guides or specific conservation objectives, and no professional training for non-formal environmental educators and/or interpreters. In view of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, this paper develops and recommends a training model for environmental educator/interpreter guides in protected areas and sensitive ecotourism settings in Greece. An investigation was undertaken into training programmes in developed and less developed ecotourism countries, where environmental interpretation is practiced in the sustainable management of sensitive areas. The proposed model is based mainly on interpretive training programmes of other developed and less developed countries. This model introduces the art of environmental interpretation as a form of non-formal environmental education, integrated in strategic communication in protected areas and sensitive ecotourism areas in Greece. The developed model takes into consideration the special social settings and biophysical environments of Greece. Moreover, a professional environmental interpreter group is recommended to support the role of management authorities in protected areas.     

再生水河道浮游微生物多样性季节变化分析:以北运河为例

浮游微生物作为分解者在城市水生生态系统发挥重要作用,但外界环境变化显著影响其在污染物降解和转化过程的作用.以高度人工化的北运河为研究区域,利用16S rRNA高通量测序结果分析了浮游微生物群落结构的季节变化,以揭示以再生水为主要补给水源的城市河道浮游微生物多样性季节变化机制及其与环境因子的响应关系.结果表明,浮游微生物群落多样性和群落结构组成存在显著的季节变化.季节性降雨和再生水补给物理扰动过程引起的水体扩散能力增强是夏季α多样性显著高于春季的直接原因,同时减弱了夏季浮游微生物群落多样性空间分化程度.季节性径流和温度是影响高度人工化城市河道水文水质季节变化的主要原因,由于季节性径流和温度变化引起的ČNO₂^--N和TP变化是河道浮游微生物多样性变化的主要原因.春季季节性断流导致的北运河水体还原性状态,使得春季水体中富集的细菌大都为厌氧菌,如与溶解性有机物降解有关的拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和与反硝化过程有关的纤细菌门（Gracilibacteria）等.而夏季季节性径流和频繁降雨以及河道闸坝、闸门开闭频率增高引起的水体复氧能力增强,一方面显著缓解河道营养物质污染,另一方面使得夏季水体中富集的细菌大多为好氧菌或兼性厌氧菌,如具有嗜高温特性的蓝藻（Cyanobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）等自养微生物,以及在污染物降解转化过程中有重要作用的酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）和芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）等.研究结果对以再生水为补给水源的城市河道污染治理和生态修复有实际指导意义.     

基于ISM和模糊故障树的铁路黄土隧道塌方风险分析

研究如何对铁路黄土隧道塌方风险事故进行管理控制,先从地质因素、施工方法因素、监控量测因素和施工管理因素分析了黄土隧道塌方事故的成因。接着依据铁路行业隧道风险评估指南矿山法隧道施工风险因素列表,识别影响兰渝铁路某黄土隧道项目塌方的18项主要风险因素。然后运用系统工程解释结构模型方法(ISM)分析项目各风险因素间的相互关系,得出影响该隧道项目塌方的直接原因为施工扰动过大、支护不及时、拱脚悬空时间过长和信息反馈处理不及时。底层原因则为开挖方式、特殊地质条件。在上述基础上建立项目塌方事件模糊故障树模型,进行模糊定量分析,得到项目塌方事件发生的模糊概率和关键风险因素的模糊重要度。结果表明,实例黄土隧道项目塌方事故风险概率很大,地质因素、开挖方法等对塌方事故影响最大。解释结构模型方法能揭示各风险要素间的不确定性因果关系,有利于把握事故发生机理,模糊数能客观地描述风险事件的发生概率,增强故障树诊断方法的可靠性。