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51.
This study determines the factor structure of safety climate within a road construction organization using a modified version of the safety climate questionnaire (SCQ). It also investigates the relationship between safety climate and safety performance. The SCQ was administered to 192 employees from two districts and in two job categories — construction and maintenance. A behavioural observation measure of safety performance was also developed. Factor analysis derived six factors, which were similar to those obtained in an earlier study using the SCQ. Differences in the safety climate of job sub-groups were found on two of the factors. No differences between the two districts were found. No relationship was found between safety climate and the safety performance measure. While identical safety climate factors cannot apply to all organizations, some general safety climate factors may emerge. Discussion focuses upon the measurement of safety climate. 相似文献
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Chun Chen Yuzheng Wang Yuanyuan Zhang Xiaoxiu Lun Chengtang Liu Yujing Mu Chenglong Zhang Pengfei Liu Chaoyang Xue Min Song Can Ye Junfeng Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(6):316-326
The efficient maintenance of the activity of excised branches is the powerful guarantee to accurately determine gas exchange flux between the detached branches of tall trees and the atmosphere. In this study, the net photosynthetic rate(NPR) of the excised branches and branches in situ were measured simultaneously by using two photosynthetic instruments to characterize the activity of the excised branches of Phyllostachys nigra. The ratio of normalized NPR of excised branches to NPR in situ was used to assess the photosynthetic activity of detached branches. Based on photosynthetic activity, an optimal hydroponics protocol for maintaining activity of excised P. nigra branches was presented:1/8 times the concentration of Gamborg B5 vitamin mixture with p H = 6. Under the best cultivation protocol, photosynthetic activity of excised P. nigra branches could be maintained more than 90% within 6 hr in the light intensity range of 200–2000 μmol/(m2·sec) and temperature range of 13.4–28.7°C. The nitrogen dioxide(NO2) flux differences between in situ and in vitro branches and the atmosphere were compared using double dynamic chambers.Based on the maintenance method of excised branches, the NO2 exchange flux between the excised P. nigra branches and the atmosphere(from-1.01 to-2.72 nmol/(m2·sec) was basically consistent with between the branches in situ and the atmosphere(from-1.12 to-3.16 nmol/(m2 sec)) within 6 hr. Therefore, this study provided a feasible protocol for in vitro measurement of gas exchange between tall trees and the atmosphere for a period of time. 相似文献
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WU Shao-fu WU Liang-huan SHI Qi-wei WANG Zhong-qiang CHEN Xian-you LI Yong-shan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(7)
In this study, soil column was used to study the new nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on nitrate (NO3--N) and potassium (K) leaching in the sandy loam soil and clay loam soil. The results showed that DMPP with ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN) ((NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3) or urea could reduce NO3--N leaching significantly, whereas ammonium (NH4 -N) leaching increased slightly. In case of total N (NO3--N NH4 -N), losses by leaching during the experimental period (40 d) were 37.93 mg (urea), 31.61 mg (urea DMPP), 108.10 mg (ASN), 60.70 mg (ASN DMPP) in the sandy loam soil, and 30.54 mg (urea), 21.05 mg (urea DMPP), 37.86 mg (ASN), 31. 09 mg (ASN DMPP) in the clay loam soil, respectively. DMPP-amended soil led to the maintenance of relatively high levels of NH4 -N and low levels of NO3--N in soil, and nitrification was slower. DMPP supplementation also resulted in potassium leached less, but the difference was not significant except the treatment ASN and ASN DMPP in the sandy loam soil. Above results indicate that DMPP is a good nitrification inhibitor, the efficiency of DMPP seems better in the sandy loam soil than in the clay loam soil and lasts longer. 相似文献
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采集了停车场、道路旁、居民区及产业园区4种不同用地类型的生物滞留设施的0~10 cm表层土壤,分析了8种重金属污染物(As、 Hg、 Cd、 Cr、 Pb、 Cu、 Ni和Zn)的累积含量,并对重金属累积的影响因素、污染水平、潜在生态风险和人体健康风险进行了分析和评估.结果表明,8种重金属污染物的累积含量存在较大的差异,ω(As)、ω(Hg)、ω(Cd)、ω(Cr)、ω(Pb)、ω(Cu)、ω(Ni)和ω(Zn)的平均值分别为8.92、 0.25、 0.10、 31.56、 14.81、 21.27、 23.69和62.75 mg·kg-1, As和Hg的含量平均值分别达到了土壤背景值的1.26和5.21倍;相关性分析表明,8种重金属含量均与土壤有机质含量呈现较强正相关,除Hg之外均与土壤pH值呈现正相关,除As外与磷含量呈现正相关.内梅罗综合指数以及潜在生态风险指数的分析结果表明,除Hg之外的其他7种重金属的污染水平及生态风险较低,受Hg污染的影响,生物滞留设施重金属综合污染水平以及生态风险较高,Hg对土壤环境存在一定的潜在威胁.4类设施重金属非致癌风险在可接受... 相似文献
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通过直升机实际使用过程中暴露的腐蚀问题,分析了直升机全寿命期的腐蚀防护应对方法和思路。对陆地环境和海洋环境使用直升机的腐蚀情况进行了汇总,并对直升机典型腐蚀问题及改进措施进行了研究。在此基础上,进一步分析了导致直升机发生腐蚀的环境、设计、生产、制造、维护等原因,总结了直升机易腐蚀部位、腐蚀特点以及危害性。提出了采用“设计保证、生产实现、维护保持”的综合手段来提升直升机全寿命期的腐蚀防护能力。最后,对外场维护维修过程中需要重点关注的腐蚀控制手册、清洗、涂镀层修复、密封剂/缓蚀剂等问题进行了思考和分析,提出了需加快推进先进的防腐技术在直升机防腐中的应用,对有效开展直升机全寿命周期的腐蚀防护工作具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
58.
联系我国飞机飞行现状,分析了机载产品日历寿命控制的必要性.根据文献记载,简要介绍了航空机载产品日历寿命定寿方法的发展历程,分析了目前机载产品日历寿命定寿方法研究的现状,归纳了3类主要的机载产品日历寿命传统定寿方法,并讨论了各类方法的优点与不足.针对传统定寿方法存在的问题,整理了近年来发展的机载产品日历寿命定寿方法的代表性成果,介绍了3种近年来才发展的机载产品日历寿命定延寿方法的具体过程.客观地综述了我国机载产品日历寿命研究存在的短板与弱项,以及日历寿命研究亟需发展的方向.为使机载产品日历寿命定寿方法研究跟上时代发展的步伐,更经济高效地服务在役飞机寿命控制,对未来机载产品日历寿命研究提出了展望. 相似文献
59.
一直以来,环境大气监测的数据精度与维护成本,始终是数据应用部门和数据提供部门的难题之一.作者谷学先生根据多年的实档践,首次提出,运用数据对大气监测仪器维护管理进行评价的可行性,并试图建立仪器维护管理作业量化的评价系统.在仪器维护管理中,任何时候,都很难完全排除技术水平比较低的仪器维护检修人员,为了回避这种实际情况,作者通过对数字的分析指出,急需构建环境大气监测仪器维护管理业务能力的评价系统,并期待地方自制体通过评价手段,来选择和指导监测仪器维护管理人员.从而提高数据的精度和减低运转经费的开支. 相似文献
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