振动试验夹具设计方法研究

根据型号项目振动试验的实践经验,提出了振动试验夹具设计的基本要求、方法步骤以及制作过程中应注意的问题,讨论了各类夹具的应用范围,对于产品振动试验夹具设计工作具有重要的指导意义。     

汽车制造项目竣工环保验收监测中应关注的问题

根据汽车制造污染物产生及排放特点,归纳并阐述在该类工程竣工环境保护验收监测中应重点关注的几个问题,为此类项目的竣工验收监测工作提供参考,为环境管理提供依据。     

中国制造业碳排放强度变动及其因素分解

目前,中国已成为世界制造大国,并且制造业的碳排放量已占全国碳排放总量的80%以上,要寻找制造业的有效减排途径,就需要准确分析和计量促使制造业碳排放增加的影响因素.为此,本文在对我国制造业碳排放强度变化趋势进行分析的基础上,运用因素分解法将碳排放强度变化分解为结构份额与效率份额,并基于1996-2007年的统计数据对我国制造业碳排放强度变化中的结构份额和效率份额进行了测算.结果表明,我国制造业碳排放强度在1996-2007年间整体呈现出下降的趋势,我国制造业碳排放强度的下降均是由效率引起的,而结构则引起了碳排放强度的提升.因此,应大力推进低碳技术的开发,以进一步发挥效率份额在制造韭碳排放强度下降的积极作用,同时,进一步优化制造韭产业结构,逐步淘汰一些高碳排放行业,使制造业产业结构向规模化、低碳化和高端化升级.     

优势菌种与三重环流三相流化床耦合处理油制气厂废水

从若干种菌源中分离出降解芳香烃类和长链烷烃类化合物的高效菌种 ,将此菌种与自行设计的新型结构内循环三相流化床相结合应用于处理油制气厂排出的难降解毒性有机废水 ,分别进行了废水处理动态试验及抗冲击负荷试验 ,讨论了气水比、pH与COD去除率的关系 ,分析了酚、氨氮及各类毒性有机物的生物降解情况 .结果表明 ,反应器容积负荷为 7 16kg(CODCr) (m3·d) ,CODCr平均去除率为 79 5 % ,芳烃类化合物的去除率为 79 8% ,酚类化合物的去除率达 94 8%以上 .反应器表现出优良的抗冲击能力与高效的处理能力     

加快发展再制造产业助推产业结构转型升级——以浙江省为例

再制造是循环经济“再利用”的高级形式,高度契合了国家大力推进循环经济发展的战略部署,是实现循环经济、节能减排和可持续发展的主要途径之一.回顾并总结了再制造产业国内外的发展现状和存在问题.在此基础上,以浙江为例分析了浙江省再制造产业发展的现实基础和有利条件,并对下阶段工作提出了若干意见和建议.     

Sustainable product design using CAD: a case study in an Indian rotary switches manufacturing organisation

Sustainability is gaining importance in contemporary manufacturing organisations. Modern design engineers need approaches for creating environmentally friendly products. In this context, this paper reports a case study carried out in an Indian rotary switches manufacturing organisation. A component of the rotary switch has been modelled using computer-aided design. Then, the sustainability analysis has been carried out for determining the environmental impact. The environmental impact has been measured in terms of carbon footprint, energy consumption and air/water impacts. The handle design has been modified to minimise the environmental impact. The results of this case study indicate that appropriate modifications in design could lead to the development of sustainable design with minimal environmental impact.     

Effect of 2-butenal manufacture wastewater to methanogenic activity and microbial community

The inhibition ratio sharply increased with the increasing COD. The absorbance of UV-vis at 420 nm showed a linear correlation with the SMA. The molecular structure of EPS has changed when COD was 9585 mg/L. Illumina Miseq sequencing was employed to reveal the microbial composition. The synthesis of 2-butenal, which is a vital raw material for the production of sorbic acid as a food preservative, generates some toxic by-products, so it is urgent to seek better detoxification strategies for the treatment of 2-butenal manufacture wastewater. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to investigate the inhibition effect of wastewater on the methanogenic activity. To understand the wastewater toxicity to anaerobic granular sludge, variations of the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) constituents at various wastewater CODs were investigated. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were employed to analyze the structure of the EPS. The results showed that the inhibitory ratio of 2-butenal manufacture wastewater was less than 8.4% on the anaerobic granular sludge when the CODs were less than 959 mg/L. However, the inhibitory ratio increased from 36.4% to 93.6% when CODs increased from 2396 mg/L to 9585 mg/L, with the SMA decreasing from 39.1 mL CH₄/(gVSS·d) to 3.2 mL CH₄/(gVSS·d). The diversity of the microbial community under various CODs was researched by Illumina 16S rRNA Miseq sequencing and the results demonstrated that Proteiniphilum、Petrimonas and Syntrophobacter were the dominant bacteria genera in all sample. Regarding archaea, Methanobacterium was the most dominated archaea genera, followed by the Methanosaeta group in all samples. Moreover, the bacterial communities had changed obviously with increasing CODs, which indicated high CODs played a negative impact on the richness and diversity of bacterial community in the sludge samples.     

农户自制人工瘤胃发酵饲料的方法与饲喂技术

人工瘤胃发酵饲料新工艺,是1989年四川省重大科研项目所取得的成果,已正式通过专家鉴定。为了便于广大农户特别是养殖专业户自制人工瘤胃发酵饲料,广泛用于饲喂各种畜禽以充分利用丰富的秸秆资源,节约精料和提高经济效益,特将此项技术的制作原理、饲料营养成分及饲喂效果,饲料制作方法及饲喂技术进行详细介绍,供推广使用。     

聚天冬氨酸制造工艺研究进展

聚天冬氨酸具有高生物可降解性 ,是一种优良的“环境友好”型阻垢分散剂和缓蚀剂。它是一种新型水处理剂。本文系统地介绍了近年来聚天冬氨酸合成方法的最新研究成果 ,分析了各种合成方法和反应条件对产品转化率及其性能的影响 ,概括了控制产品转化率与摩尔质量的主要因素和产品的分离提纯方法 ,提出了今后聚天冬氨酸制造工艺研究的发展方向     

钢珠制造工业废水的处理

采用无机氧化、凝聚的物化方法和沉淀池设计应用竖向折板反应等的高效组合装置，处理钢珠制造工业废水。结果表明，排放水的ＣＯＤ去除率达到９８％以上，水循环回用率达到８８％，并回收了大量的铁资源。