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901.
为研究微塑料上雌激素共存的吸附行为,以17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)和双酚A (BPA)为目标污染物,微塑料聚酰胺(PA)为吸附剂,通过等温吸附实验研究二者在单溶质和双溶质体系下的吸附性能,基于位点能量分布理论进一步剖析二者在PA微塑料上的的吸附特性.同时,采用X射线光谱(XPS)以及傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对吸附前后的PA微塑料进行表征,探究其可能存在的吸附机理.等温吸附拟合结果及XPS、FTIR的表征结果表明BPA和EE2及二者混合溶液在PA上的吸附属于非均质吸附,疏水分配及氢键作用为主要的吸附机制.位点能量分布分析结果表明,相同浓度(1~4mg/L)条件下,BPA吸附位点主要分布于高能量区;单溶质体系的EE2吸附位点主要集中于低能量区.双溶质体系下,相同浓度的两种物质位点分布函数均随着位点能量的增大而呈指数降低,BPA下降趋势较为平缓,吸附位点分布更集中.两种体系相比较,BPA平均位点能量和位点能量非均质性分别增加了0.749%和2.483%,吸附位点数量减少了10.852%;双溶质体系下EE2平均位点能量降低0.813%,位点能量非均质性增加1.870%,吸附位点数量增加42.429%.双酚A和EE2在PA微塑料上的竞争吸附中,EE2占优势. 相似文献
902.
Jin Xie Xiao-Dong Niu Jiao-Jiao Xie Kai-Qiang He Meng-Dan Shi Su-Juan Yu Chun-Gang Yuan Jing-Fu Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(10):1-7
The distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic (As) in different sized atmospheric particulate matters (PMs), including total suspended particles (TSP), PM10, and PM2.5, collected from Baoding, China were analyzed. The average total mass concentrations of As in TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 were 31.5, 35.3, and 54.1 µg/g, respectively, with an order of PM2.5 >PM 10 > TSP, revealing that As is prone to accumulate on fine particles. Due to the divergent toxicities of different As species, speciation analysis of As in PMs is further conducted. Most of previous studies mainly focused on inorganic arsenite (iAsIII), inorganic arsenate (iAsV), monomethylarsonate (MMA), and dimethylarsinate (DMA) in PMs, while the identification and sensitive quantification of trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) were rarely reported. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system was optimized for As speciation including TMAO in PMs. An anion exchange column was used to separate MMA, DMA and iAsV, while a cation exchange column to separate TMAO and iAsIII. Results showed that iAsV was the dominate component in all the samples, corresponding to a portion of 79.2% ± 9.3% of the total extractable species, while iAsIII, TMAO and DMA made up the remaining 21%. Our study demonstrated that iAsIII accounted for about 14.4% ± 11.4% of the total extracted species, with an average concentration of 1.7 ± 1.6 ng/m3. It is worth noting that TMAO was widely present in the samples (84 out of 97 samples), which supported the assumption that TMAO was ubiquitous in atmospheric particles. 相似文献
903.
Distribution and source of microplastics in China's second largest reservoir - Danjiangkou Reservoir
Li Lin Xiong Pan Sheng Zhang Danwen Li Wenliang Zhai Zhen Wang Jingxiang Tao Changqing Mi Qingyun Li John C. Crittenden 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(4):74-84
Fresh water microplastic pollution is of pressing concern globally, but its distribution and sources in reservoirs are poorly documented. Danjiangkou Reservoir is the second largest reservoir in China and is divided into the Han Reservoir and Dan Reservoir. In this work, microplastic abundances and morphological characteristics of the reservoir were investigated. The microplastic abundance of 15 main tributaries of the reservoir was also measured. The vertical distribution (in water column and sediment), horizontal distribution (in Han Reservoir and Dan Reservoir) and source of microplastics were analyzed. Microplastics accumulated in the middle layer of the reservoir, and the size and color of the microplastic particles changed from the surface to the bottom, which implies that surveys of surface water are not enough to determine the microplastic contamination for deep water reservoirs. In the surface water, the microplastic abundance in the Han Reservoir was lower than that in the Dan Reservoir (p < 0.05), but microplastic abundance did not differ significantly in the intermediate and bottom water. Tributaries were one of the main sources of microplastics for Han Reservoir but not for Dan Reservoir. Agricultural cultivation in the hydro-fluctuation belt might be an important source of microplastics in the Dan Reservoir, which should be given additional attention. The results of this study can provide valuable information for developing microplastic sampling strategies in deep water reservoirs. Further studies are recommended to investigate the process through which microplastics in the hydro-fluctuation belt enter the reservoir and the sinking behavior of microplastics in the reservoir. 相似文献
904.
为更好认识城市街谷内的大气污染特征和提供城市街谷优化设计的实证参考,本文以干旱区绿洲城市乌鲁木齐市北京南路为例,采用移动监测技术,分析了城市街谷大气污染物(CO、PM2.5)的时空分布,并识别其主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)早高峰空气质量优于晚高峰;交叉路口处污染物浓度普遍较低,但苏州路立交桥下污染物浓度较高;(2)两种污染物同源,其浓度与固定站点监测数据高度相关,风向与街谷成锐角时污染物浓度较低,风速较大时污染物浓度较高,污染物浓度与车流量相关程度较低;(3)街谷两侧建筑物高度比在[1.5,2)之间,污染物浓度较低,在[1,1.5)之间,污染物浓度较高;路网密度在[12,14)之间,污染物浓度较低,[12,14)之间的道路密度能够最大程度的降低街谷内污染物浓度。 相似文献
905.
Xu Zhao Rong Chen Qiang Liao Yong-Zhong Wang Jo-Shu Chang 《International Journal of Green Energy》2015,12(10):1037-1045
In the present study, three-dimensional numerical simulations are conducted on hydrodynamics and light-intensity distribution of microalgae fluid flow in a helical tubular photobioreactor for CO2 capture. The effect of incident direction of the light illumination is discussed and the light/dark cycle frequency experienced by the microalgae fluid in the cross-section of the photobioreactor is investigated. The simulation results reveal the steadily nonhorizontal and unsymmetrical Dean roll-cells of the microalgae fluid flow in the cross-section of the helical tube. The external light projecting onto the helical tubular photobioreactor from the center is a better way for microalgae cultivation. The light/dark cycle frequency of the microalgae fluid flow is calculated based on the light-intensity distribution inside the photobioreactor. The light/dark cycle frequency keeps constant for the same stream trace of the microalgae flow while varies with different flow regions. Meanwhile, the light/dark cycle frequency increases with the increase in microalgae fluid velocity. The suitable demarcation between the light and the dark zone depends on the shape and the location of the Dean roll-cells. 相似文献
906.
天津海域底质重金属分布与矿物质特征研究 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
文中研究了渤海湾天津海域沉积物中重金属的空间分布特征,在此基础上进行了元素间的相关分析,以进一步分析元素间共同的分布趋势;同时对该海域表层沉积物矿物组合做了分析。结果表明,沉积物重金属平面分布特征总体上表现为河口附近含量高,口外低的趋势;垂直分布特征由于受沿岸不同污染源的污染影响,重金属污染物难以形成一定规律的分布状态,总体上呈波折型分布;该海域各重金属相关性非常明显,反映了这些重金属元素间共生共存的地球化学特性;渤海表层沉积物中含有5%的闪石和白云石,闪石和白云石是渤海湾沉积物的重要标志矿物;渤海湾表层沉积物中粘土矿物组合为伊利石和绿泥石,其平均含量分别为56%和44%。 相似文献
907.
908.
The highly e cient inorganic polymer flocculants (IPFs) of the ferric-silica system is a new and promising coagulant. Interactions
between ferric species and silica play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These e ects are quite distinct from those associated
with polymeric or colloid silica. However, although these species are key to coagulation e ciency, they have not been comprehensively
discussed. A new type of coagulant, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC), was synthesized by co-polymerization and characterized by
time complexation spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Compared with traditional ferric salt, the results indicated that
PFSC had a higher molecular weight, lesser positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. The higher the Si/Fe ratio, the higher the silica
and lower the silicac found. The PFSC with appropriate polysilica acid not only obtained better coagulation/flocculation e ciency in
turbidity removal, enhanced the flocculation index (FI) and provided less residual ferric, it also lowered water treatment costs compared
to traditional ferric salt. Results showed that PFSC could remove colloid particles in water by charge neutralization and sweeping,
adsorption bridging mechanism. 相似文献
909.
910.