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231.
232.
Strategies for Successful Marine Conservation: Integrating Socioeconomic, Political, and Scientific Factors 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Abstract: As the process of marine-protected-area design and implementation evolves, the incorporation of new tools will advance our ability to create and maintain effective protected areas. We reviewed characteristics and approaches that contribute to successful global marine conservation efforts. One successful characteristic emphasized in most case studies is the importance of incorporating stakeholders at all phases of the process. Clearly defined goals and objectives at all stages of the design process are important for improved communication and standardized expectations of stakeholder groups. The inclusion of available science to guide the size and design of marine protected areas and to guide clear monitoring strategies that assess success at scientific, social, and economic levels is also an important tool in the process. Common shortcomings in marine conservation planning strategies include government instability and resultant limitations to monitoring and enforcement, particularly in developing nations. Transferring knowledge to local community members has also presented challenges in areas where in situ training, local capacity, and existing infrastructure are sparse. Inaccessible, unavailable, or outdated science is often a limitation to conservation projects in developed and developing nations. To develop and maintain successful marine protected areas, it is necessary to acknowledge that each case is unique, to apply tools and lessons learned from other marine protected areas, and to maintain flexibility to adjust to the individual circumstances of the case at hand. 相似文献
233.
A Synthesis of Marine Conservation Planning Approaches 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
HEATHER M. LESLIE† 《Conservation biology》2005,19(6):1701-1713
234.
广东丰溪自然保护区昆虫多样性初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对广东大埔丰溪自然保护区设置30个样地调查采集昆虫标本,并将所采集的标本进行区系分析和物种多样性分析,结果表明:丰溪自然保护区作为南亚热带向中亚热带过渡地带,其昆虫区系以东洋区成分占绝对优势;昆虫物种多样性指数在1.7491~2.7728之间,阔叶林下昆虫物种多样性指数平均数要高于竹林. 相似文献
235.
236.
我国丹顶鹤自然保护区网络设计 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对原有丹顶鹤保护区规划缺乏系统设计思想,保护区面临严重的生境安全这一问题,根据维持生态系统地域完整性和生态过程完整性的原则,采用迭代法和整数规划2种方法,以高、中适宜性湿地面积占各自湿地类型总面积70%和60%为保护目标,研究了丹顶鹤自然保护区的网络设计,提出了丹顶鹤自然保护区网络的设计方案。 相似文献
237.
1 IntroductionDeterminationofthealuminumspeciationisoneofthemostsignificanttasksofenvironmentalanalyticalresearchatpresent.Therefore ,developmentofthepowerfulanalyticalmethodstargetingatdirectdetermininginorganicmonomericAliandtotalmonomericAlawillbeveryimportant[1 ].ThemostwidelyusedschemeforthefractionationofAlinnaturalwatersampleswasproposedbyDriscoll[2 ]whichemployed 8 oxine MIBKextractioncoupledwithGF AAS .Howevertherearestillsomedrawbacksinpracticalanalysisusingthemethod :(1) 8 ox… 相似文献
238.
论述了山东省生物多样性现状及受危原因,讨论了自然保护区的建设对生物多样性保护的作用和存在的不足,对山东省自然保护区的发展及生物多样性保护对策进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
239.
Darek?J.?NalleEmail author Jeffrey?L.?Arthur 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,10(3):229-238
The efficacy of simultaneously advancing two distinct conceptual designs (referred to here as fixed-site and non-fixed-site)
for species conservation and protection is addressed. In the literature, numerous models can be found that typically stem
from a particular design, but rarely are comparisons made between approaches. This paper presents a more integrated optimization
framework that models landowner behavior and species viabilities at a landscape scale. Regional demand for resource extraction
is used as the economic driver, a variant of simulated annealing is used to solve the model under different species protection
approaches, and a detailed species population simulator is utilized to measure biological responses. When directly comparing
the outcomes of different species protection strategies from a case study in Oregon (USA), it was found that neither approach
was universally superior in terms of financial value or degree of protection for two late seral forest dependent species. 相似文献
240.
Efficiency,costs and trade-offs in marine reserve system design 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Romola?R.?StewartEmail author Hugh?P.?Possingham 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,10(3):203-213
With marine biodiversity conservation the primary goal for reserve planning initiatives, a site's conservation potential is
typically evaluated on the basis of the biological and physical features it contains. By comparison, socio-economic information
is seldom a formal consideration of the reserve system design problem and generally limited to an assessment of threats, vulnerability
or compatibility with surrounding uses. This is perhaps surprising given broad recognition that the success of reserve establishment
is highly dependent on widespread stakeholder and community support. Using information on the spatial distribution and intensity
of commercial rock lobster catch in South Australia, we demonstrate the capacity of mathematical reserve selection procedures
to integrate socio-economic and biophysical information for marine reserve system design. Analyses of trade-offs highlight
the opportunities to design representative, efficient and practical marine reserve systems that minimise potential loss to
commercial users. We found that the objective of minimising the areal extent of the reserve system was barely compromised
by incorporating economic design constraints. With a small increase in area (<3%) and boundary length (<10%), the economic
impact of marine reserves on the commercial rock lobster fishery was reduced by more than a third. We considered also how
a reserve planner might prioritise conservation areas using information on a planning units selection frequency. We found
that selection frequencies alone were not a reliable guide for the selection of marine reserve systems, but could be used
with approaches such as summed irreplaceability to direct conservation effort for efficient marine reserve design. 相似文献