VARIATION IN ADIRONDACK,NEW YORK,LAKEWATER CHEMISTRY AS FUNCTION OF SURFACE AREA1

ABSTRACT: Data from a recent survey conducted by the Adirondack Lake Survey Corporation were used to evaluate the influence of lake surface area on the acid-base status of lakes in Adirondack State Park, New York. Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) in the small lakes (< 4 ha) occurred more frequently at extreme values (> 200, < 0 μeq L^?1), whereas larger lakes tended to be intermediate in ANC. Consequently, acidic (ANC ≤ 0) and low-pH lakes were typically small. The small lakes also exhibited lower Ca²⁺ concentration and higher dissolved organic carbon than did larger lakes. Lakes ≥ 4 ha were only half as likely to be acidic as were lakes ≥ 1 ha in area. These data illustrate the dependence of lake chemistry on lake surface area and the importance of the lower lake area limit for a statistical survey of lake water chemistry.     

含铬废水治理技术的应用

介绍目前比较常用的含铬废水的种种治理技术。含铬废水的治理技术种类繁多，各有利弊。国外对表面处理废水90%以上使用化学法治理。我国对表面处理的废水治理，在走了一段弯路后，逐渐找到了方向，也以采用化学法处理为主。     

初中生环境意识现状调查及提升对策分析

环境保护教育为本,环境教育在基础教育中意义重大。为了了解焦作市中学环境教育的现状,推动焦作市中学环境教育的开展,探讨今后中学环境教育的重点和方向,对焦作市区的两所中学的环境教育进行了抽样问卷调查,获取了初一、初二年级学生的环境意识现状资料,综合分析调查对象在环境知识、环境教育、环境意愿等方面的现状,针对其中存在的问题,从教育方法、教育手段、教学模式、知识获取途径、教育系统资源等方面提出若干提升对策。     

昆明理工大学（莲华校区）噪声污染调查与监测

通过现场监测,对昆明理工大学（莲华校区）的校园声环境进行了分析评价,监测结果表明：昆明理工大学（莲华校区）校园11个监测点中有8个监测点声环境符合国家I类标准,2#、4#、10#监测点昼、夜间的噪声监测值均超过国家标准。主要噪声源为道路交通噪声和建筑工地的施工噪声。同时,本文还通过调查问卷的形式收集了师生对校园声环境的意见,并进行了综合分析。在此基础上,提出了改善校园声环境的建议措施。     

云南纳板河流域国家级自然保护区国家重点保护植物调查及保护问题

通过对云南纳板河流域国家级自然保护区的野外调查,实地共发现13科18种国家重点保护野生植物,占我国国家重点保护野生植物总数的7．1％,其中东京桐（Deutzianthus tonkienensis）为保护区内首次发现的新记录种。查明了国家重点保护植物在区内的地理坐标、种群数量和分布特点,分析了其就地保护中存在的主要问题和威胁因素,并提出了具体的建议对策。     

60年来的资源科学:从自然资源综合考察到资源科学综合研究

走过60年,资源科学研究已从最初的自然资源综合考察发展成了一门综合性的资源科学学科体系。期间,国家先后编制了7次科技发展规划,尤以《1956—1967年科学技术发展远景规划》和《1978—1985年全国科学技术发展规划纲要》对资源科学的形成与发展影响最大。前者推动了中国自然资源综合考察事业的形成与发展,后者促进了中国资源科学考察事业的发展与壮大,进而推动了资源科学的形成与发展。60年来的中国资源科学可以初步划分为大规模的自然资源综合考察时期(1950—1960年代)、区域资源综合科学考察与资源科学研究时期(1970—1980年代)和资源科学学科体系的形成与发展时期(1990—2000年代)等三个阶段;2000年前后中国资源科技工作者先后完成的《中国自然资源丛书》、《中国资源科学百科全书》和《资源科学》等三项标志性成果的出版,为我国建立资源科学体系奠定了科学基础;2008年《资源科学技术名词》正式颁布,必将进一步促进中国资源科学的发展与完善。     

Cannabis use and self-reported collisions in a representative sample of adult drivers

PROBLEM: This study examines the relationships between collision involvement and several measures of cannabis use, including driving after using cannabis, among drivers, based on a population survey of Ontario adults in 2002 and 2003. METHOD: Logistic regression analyses examined self-reported collision involvement in the last 12 months by lifetime use of cannabis, past year use of cannabis, and past year driving after using cannabis, while controlling for demographic characteristics. RESULTS: We found that the odds of reporting collision involvement was significantly higher among cannabis users, and among those who reported driving after cannabis use. Some evidence for a dose-response relationship was seen as well. DISCUSSION: Cannabis users and people who report driving after cannabis use are also more likely to report being involved in a collision in the past year. These observations suggest that collision prevention efforts could be aimed at these groups. Additional work to determine the causal pathways involved in the relationships observed here is needed. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: None.     

校园一次性废电池回收关键环节的问卷调研

如何从分散的大量用户手中回收一次性废电池是目前一次性废电池回收体系构建中的关键环节。文章采用问卷调查方法,以华东师范大学中山北路校区在校本科生为对象,研究了针对校园大学生用户回收一次性废电池环节中的存在问题和解决。提出了"以旧换新"的回收方式,初步确定了该方式运行所需的几个关键参数:回收的"旧新电池回收比例"为5:1,回收地点在各宿舍管理员处,回收时间为每月定期进行一次。文章结果对于构建废电池回收体系具有一定的参考意义。     

连续降雨对淡水河流域非点源污染的影响

利用淡水河流域污染物通量站的连续流量水质监测数据,研究了4场连续降雨对流域非点源污染的影响.相关分析结果表明,在连续降雨期间,污染浓度与流域相关性不显著,但NH4+ -N、TP及TN通量与流量之间存在显著相关关系,污染物通量与流量的相关系数大小顺序如下:TP＞NH4+ -N＞TN＞SS＞NO3——N.另外,统计结果表明...     

Environmental pollution by persistent toxic substances and health risk in an industrial area of China

Soil is an important environmental medium that is closely associated with humans and their health. Despite this, very few studies have measured toxicants in soils, and associated them with health risks in humans. An assessment of health effects from exposure to contaminants in soils surrounding industrial areas of chemical production and storage is important. This article aims at determining pollution characteristics of persistent toxic substances (PTS) in an industrial area in China to unravel the relationship between soil pollution by PTS and human health. One hundred and five soil samples were collected and 742 questionnaires were handed out to residents living in and around an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in Northern China. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in soil. Mann-Whitney U and binary multivariate nonconditional logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between health indicators of local residents and contaminant levels. Odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for health incidences were also calculated. The average concentrations of DDT (73.9 ng/g), HCH (654 ng/g) and PAHs (1225 ng/g) were relatively high in the industrial area. Residents living in the chemical industry parks were exposed to a higher levels of PTS than those living outside the chemical industry parks. This exposure was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.12–30.06), stomach cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.26– 13.41), dermatitis (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05–2.80), gastroenteritis (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.94–2.68), and pneumonia (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.58–1.89).