近50年丝绸之路经济带中国境内冰川变化

冰川是丝绸之路经济带中国境内重要的水资源,对该区农业建设和经济发展至关重要。基于修订后的中国第一次冰川编目数据和最新发布的第二次冰川编目数据,对丝绸之路经济带中国境内冰川变化进行分析。结果表明：（1）丝绸之路经济带中国境内现有冰川22523条,面积25516.80 km²,冰储量约2592.85 km³,分别占我国冰川相应总量的46.37%、49.22%和57.39%,其中新疆维吾尔自治区冰川储量最为丰富,共计2366.25 km³。（2）丝绸之路经济带中国境内冰川以面积<0.5 km²的冰川数量最多,共计15519条,占冰川总数量的68.90%;面积则以介于1~5 km²冰川为主,共计6833.71 km²,占冰川总面积的26.78%;各山系的冰川退缩海拔高度不同,面积减少速度在各个高度带均有差异。（3）近50年间丝绸之路经济带中国境内冰川面积共减少4527.43 km²,变化百分比为-20.88%,有3114条冰川消失,冰川冰储量损失约419.35 km³。（4）丝绸之路经济带中国境内冰川变化整体呈现自西向东加快趋势,减少速率整体上有自西南向东北加快趋势;冰川朝北消失数量大于朝南消失数量,东北方向面积减少最多,东南方向面积减少最快。（5）近50年间丝绸之路经济带中国境内有暖湿化趋势,冬季气温升高速率大于夏季且降水增加幅度小于夏季的气候组合模式,不利于冰川的积累从而导致冰川退缩;冰川发育规模对冰川退缩也有一定影响,但各山系冰川变化驱动力具有空间差异。     

废水处理实用公式的推导计算

介绍由一级动力学模式推导废水处理实用公式。文中探讨了２０℃降解速率系数Ｋ２０和温度修正系数θ，仅是某种水质和生化条件下的对应值，不能任意通用。     

农业资源利用模式间的转换及案例分析

目前我国农业仍然属于资源高耗低效型农业，而农业自然资源是非常有限的，为此必须实现农业资源的高效利用。本文从中观区域尺度上研究了农业资源利用模式及不同利用模式间的转换，通过案例分析认为，农业资源利用模式处于不断演替过程中，其演替具有明显的层次性；在演替过程中，物化资源投入水平不断增加，农业资源利用效率不断提高；与农业资源利用模式相适应的农业资源利用技术体系也具有多样性和层次性。     

Climatic change and urbanization effect in China

Climatic change and urbanization effect in China during the last 39 years were investigated. It is found that a warming of about 0.23℃ for the annual temperature has been noticed from 1951 to 1989. The warmings of about 0.78 ℃ in winter and 0.34 3℃ in spring have been shown. It is also presented that a cooling of about -0.27℃ in summer has been indicated. The bigger cities are warmer than smaller cities in China. The dried trends in the annual precipitation during the last 39 years were presented. The precipitation decreased obviously in summer all over China. The bigger cities were drier than smaller cities.     

序批式反应器的水力停留时间的理论探讨

根据液龄分布函数是二元函数的观点．推导出了当进、出水流量是时间的函数时，反应器的水力停留时间的通用积分式和离散式；然后得出了序批式反应器(SBR）的水力停留时间(HRT)具体表达式，并分析了用现有方法计算其水力停留时间所产生的误差．结果表明，最大相对误差rmax仅与充水比λ有关．且呈正相关关系．取典型值λ=0．4时，rmax高达25％。     

Ecological networks and greenways in Europe: reasoning and concepts

The paper gives an overview of approaches towards ecological networks throughout Europe.It does not intend to present a complete picture,but to highlight comon developments within countries and regions and show common principles and differences between countries and regions that have to be taken into account when developing a joint European intiative,Countries or regions that have not been included can be active in the same way ,but information was not accessible to be authors for different reasons.This overview shows the comparable trends in decline of landscapes and the diversity in approaches to biodiversity conservation and nature conservation planning.Understanding the differences and common issues are of utmost imprtance to generalise common principles and to understand the way neighbours and other European partners approach problems.     

浅析元宝山露天矿疏干排水存在的问题

通过对元宝山露天矿疏干水现存问题的探讨 ,对问题成因进行分析 ,找出解决问题的的具体办法 ,为露天疏干水建设提供模型     

基于环境的交通网络流分配模型

通过对车辆尾气排放的观察 ,建立了一个基于环境的固定需求用户均衡网络流分配模型。并用EXCEL求解了一具体算例。运用模型可以在满足交通需求的情况下 ,使车辆对环境的污染减少到最低限度     

Preparation of PFS coagulant by sectionalized reactor

The oxidation rate of ferrous sulfate is investigated for the preparation of polyferric sulfate(PFS)coagulant.In is proved that this reaction is zero order with respect to Fe^2 ,first order with respect to NO2(g),and first order with respect to the interface area between gas phase and liquid phase.According to this mechanism,sectionalized reactor(SR) is used in place of traditional reactor(TR),and the liquid of reaction mixture is recycled by pump.As a result,not only the flow path of reaction liquid is prolonged,but also gas-liquid contact area enlarged,and the reaction distinctly accelerated,compared with traditional reactor.The effects of parameters including temperature,acidity and others on the reaction rate are also discussed.     

应用改进密切值法进行地表水环境综合评价

针对密切值法应用中的实际问题,引入目标差值率和虚拟优点、劣点的概念,对密切值法进行了改进.将改进后的密切值法应用于地表水环境综合评价中,经实例分析表明,该方法概念清晰、计算简便实用,且从评价结果可获许多潜在的信息,是开展地表水流域水环境综合评价的一种有效的方法.