株洲市工业区大气中SO2转化速率的研究

在湖南省株洲市工业区的下风向布点,同时测定大气中ＳＯ２的浓度、ＴＳＰ和＜０．２５μｍ细粒子中ＳＯ２－４的浓度．结果表明,大气中ＳＯ２浓度随着离污染源距离的增加迅速下降,和ＳＯ２相比,颗粒物中ＳＯ２－４浓度随距离的增加而降低的程度要慢得多．同步测定的ＳＯ２浓度和细粒子ＳＯ２－４浓度有显著的相关关系．根据风向、风速和新产生的细粒子中的ＳＯ２－４浓度及大气中ＳＯ２的浓度计算了株洲教育学院处ＳＯ２的转化速率,春季湿度大,ＳＯ２转化速率也大,为４．８％／ｈ,秋季湿度小,ＳＯ２的转化速率变低,为１．５％／ｈ．春季中路铺ＳＯ２转化速率为３．１％／ｈ．     

环境承载力的本质及其定量化初步研究

环境承载力描述了环境系统对人类活动支持能力的阈值,是环境系统功能的外在表现,是包含时间、空间和经济行为等自变量的函数。通过环境承载力指标体系及其综合值的计算可以描述实际环境承载量和环境承载力的大小,通过环境承载率（环境承载量／环境承载力）的计算可反映环境承载力的超载状况或环境与经济的协调程度。并以实例对环境承载力进行分析。     

水温对氧转移速率的影响研究

通过对上澳塘水体的曝气充氧实验,研究了温度对氧转移速率的影响,测定了温度系数,为上澳塘水体曝气净化的工程实践提供了可靠的技术参数。      

一株兼性自养菌硫转化性能的研究

研究了一株具有硫转化性能的兼性自养菌的培养特性,以及不同因素对该菌硫转化纺的影响,结果表明：有机物可促进细菌的生长,合适的氮源、适宜的ｐＨ、添加微量元素,可提高该菌的硫转化率。在约１％接种量时,硫转化率可达８７．４２％。     

Atmospheric Change and Biodiversity

Strategies to conserve biodiversity need to include the monitoring, modelling, adaptation and regulation of the composition of the atmosphere. Atmospheric issues include climate variability and extremes; climate change; stratospheric ozone depletion; acid deposition; photochemical pollution; suspended particulate matter; and hazardous air pollutants. Coarse filter and fine filter approaches have been used to understand the complexity of the interactions between the atmosphere and biodiversity. In the first approach, climate-based models, using GIS technology, helped create future biodiversity scenarios under a 2 × CO₂ atmosphere. In the second approach, the SI/MAB forest biodiversity monitoring protocols helped calibrate the climate-forest biodiversity baseline and, as global diagnostics, helped identify where the biodiversity was in equilibrium with the present climate. Forest climate monitoring, an enhancing protocol, was used in a co-location approach to define the thermal buffering capacity of forest ecosystems and their ability to reduce and ameliorate global climate variability, extremes and change.     

基于共词分析的城市生活垃圾治理公共政策变迁量化分析

以1979—2020年我国中央政府颁发的411份城市生活垃圾治理政策文本作为研究对象,运用共词与聚类分析方法研究了我国不同时期城市生活垃圾治理公共政策焦点的演变规律。结果发现:纵观我国城市生活垃圾治理公共政策焦点的演变轨迹,在"技术路线"、"垃圾属性"、"管理手段"、"治理结构"和"保障机制"方面发生了显著的政策主题变迁,呈现出垃圾治理朝更加绿色、更加经济方向发展的趋势。未来,应从监管体系、资源评估、财政补贴、空间布局4个方面保障生活垃圾零污染、高价值资源化治理。     

安徽省宣州扬子鳄饲养种群繁殖现状分析

对１９９３ ～１９９８ 年安徽省扬子鳄繁殖研究中心内的亲代与子代鳄的繁殖情况进行了统计研究,结果表明：扬子鳄亲代卵的平均受精率为（７５．６６±２．２９） ％ ,子一代为（６９ ．２４ ±５ ．１２） ％ ,经ｔ 检验,两者差异显著;亲代产卵孵化幼鳄的平均畸形率为（０．３０ ±０．２０） ％ ,而子一代产卵幼鳄平均畸形率为（１ ．８５±０．９５） ％ ,经ｔ 检验,两者差异显著．但受精卵幼鳄孵化率在两代间差异不显著．通过饲养种群的家系和有效群体大小分析,作者认为造成子代鳄的繁殖率下降和畸形率上升的原因与近亲繁殖有关．对扬子鳄的遗传保护研究提出了建议．     

自然老化木材燃烧过程热行为特性研究

为提供古建筑火灾数值模拟及风险评估的基础理论,从自然老化角度入手,选取经过长久自然老化的建筑服役木材作为研究对象,通过扫描电镜(SEM)及热物性试验对比分析自然老化木材与参照木材的外观形态及热传导特征;采用差示扫描量热DSC法,研究自然老化木材在燃烧过程中热释放的阶段特性,分析不同升温速率对老化木材热行为影响特征;基于...     

Use of Landsat Thematic Mapper Data to Assess Seasonal Rangeland Changes in the Southeast Kalahari, Botswana

/ Management problems arise in semiarid rangeland that are characterized by marked wet and dry seasons because of forage deficiencies in the dry season. These natural vegetation rangelands can sustain livestock all year long when forage and senesced grass are available into the dry season. Seasonal range condition data are required to provide a basis for pasture management to help locate dry season cover and thereby minimize overstocking and degradation. The generation of seasonal data using Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery was undertaken to assess changes in natural vegetation cover in the southern Botswana Kalahari. Visual analysis of spectral reflectance curves, the development of spectral separability indexes, and conventional classification analysis techniques were used to identify and differentiate rangeland features. Results from reflectance curves indicated that most rangeland cover types could be preferentially distinguished using mainly wet season data, especially on the longer TM wavebands, and that range feature differentiation was more problematic on darker soils than on lighter soils. Spectral separability indexes (SSIs) confirmed that range feature separation varied considerably as a function of waveband and was more effective in the wet than the dry season. The SSIs also showed that range feature differentiation in both seasons was most effective using a combination of the chlorophyll absorpance band (TM3) and two mid-infrared bands (TM5 and TM7). Wet season data were more effectively classified in terms of range features than dry season data although some class similarity was inferred across the two classified data sets. The work shows that overall trends may be generated by comparing seasonal data sets, thereby providing an overall basis for dry season decision making. However, particular problems arise within the dry season data sets probably because of spectral similarities between shadow and darkened vegetation cover, thereby implying that further work is needed. KEY WORDS: Semiarid rangelands; Botswana; Kalahari; Spectral differentiation; Seasonal change; Darkened vegetation cover     

试论ISO11014-1应增设有关理化参数

提出了在执行国际标准ＩＳＯ１１０１４－ １ 即化学品安全技术说明书的数据模式中应增设可燃液体的燃烧速率、比热和蒸发潜热等理化参数,并阐述了增设的必要性、作用、对策及建议。