焦化废水中有害物质的回收及破坏处理

对焦化厂废水的综合治理进行了讨论，介绍了当前几种先进有效的治理技术。生化处理法需对焦化废水中高浓度的酚、氰、氨先回收利用，之后与其它有害物含量较低的废水汇合进行破坏性处理；催化湿式氧化法净化效率高，流程简单；烟道气治理焦化废水可实现以废治废的目的。     

废弃电子产品的处理与回收技术

现代电子产品更新换代速度很快，废旧电脑、电池、家电等电子垃圾的数量急剧增加，由于对环境会造成严重污染，电子垃圾作为一种特殊垃圾急待处理与回收。对几种废弃电子产品的处理与回收技术进行了综合论述，并结合我国实际，提出一些建议。     

Past and future sustainability of water policies in Europe

The article contributes to a discussion on two global issues on water: water resources management, and water supply and sanitation. Focusing on Europe, it traces the legal roots of current systems in history: as a resource, water is considered as a common property, rather than a market good; while as a public service it is usually a commodity. Public water supply and sanitation technologies and engineering have developed under three main paradigms: quantitative and civil engineering; qualitative and chemical/sanitary engineering (both on the supply side); and the most recent one, environmental engineering and integrated management (on the demand side). The cost of public drinking water is due to rise sharply in view of the two‐fold financial challenge of replacing an ageing infrastructure and keeping up with ever‐rising environmental and sanitary quality standards. Who will pay? Government subsidies, or water users? The author suggests that apparent successes with privatisation may have relied heavily on hidden government subsidies and/or the healthy state of previously installed water infrastructure: past government subsidies are still felt for as long as the lifetime of the infrastructure. The article stresses the importance of public participation and decentralized local management of water and sanitation services. Informing and involving users in water management decisions is seen as an integral part of the ‘ethics’ side of the crucial three E's (economics, environment, ethics). The article strongly argues for municipal provision of water services, and hopes that lessons learnt and solutions found in the European experience may serve water services management efforts in other regions of the world.     

STREAM DISCHARGE PREDICTION VIA A GRID BASED SOIL WATER ROUTING WITH PADDY FIELDS1

ABSTRACT: A grid based daily hydrologic model for a watershed with paddy fields was developed to predict the stream discharge. ASCII formatted elevation, soil, and land use data supported by the GRASS Geographic Information System are used to generate distributed results such as surface runoff and subsurface flow, soil water content, and evapotranspiration. The model uses a single flow path algorithm and simulates a water balance at each grid element. A linear reservoir assumption was used to predict subsurface runoff components. The model was applied to a 75.6 km² watershed located in the middle of South Korea, and observed stream flow hydrographs from 1995 and 1996 were compared to model predictions. The stream flow predictions of 1995 and 1996 generally agreed with the observed flow, resulting in a Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency R² of 0.60 and 0.62, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity for percolating water through the saturated layer affected baseflow generation. The levee height of the paddy influenced the time and magnitude of the surface runoff, depending on irrigation management. The model will be used for making low flow management decisions by evaluating the role of each land use to stream flow, especially in case of paddy decrease by gradual urbanization of a watershed.     

"四荒地"开发中面临的问题与对策

“四荒地”的开发利用是农业生态环境建设的重要手段和实现农业产业化的重要内容。林业科技成果的配套应用是开发荒山、荒沙、荒地、荒滩地的必然选择，经济、法律和行政手段的综合运用是发展生态经济，实现农业可持续发展的根本保证。     

The economics of tire remanufacturing

The world market for tires is described to identify the current material flow from raw materials to tires and the used tire disposal problem. Then, I describe the value-adding operations in the tire production process and in the tire retreading process. Once retreading is identified as the only recovery alternative that maximizes tire utilization, I explain why heat generation is the only recovery alternative, when retreading is not technically feasible. The economic values of heat generation in electric plants and in cement kilns are discussed. The paper culminates with the case of retreading, the tire remanufacturing process and the recommendation of a simple decision rule for selecting the number of times a tire should be retreaded to maximize its utilization.     

废水中甲酸萃取回收的研究

以ＺＹＭ混合溶剂为萃取剂，以含４．５％的甲酸的废水进行萃取试验，结果表明，ＺＹＭ具有良好的热稳定性和再生性，对废水中的甲酸有较高的萃取率。采用本萃取技术，不但具有显著的环境效益，而且还可回收甲酸，获得较好的经济效益。     

沱江和釜溪河的氨治理及氨回收

本文介绍了沱江和釜溪河近年来的氨污染现状及危害，认为氨是应治理的首位污染物；简要分析了生物、化学、物理化学三类除氨方法的优缺点；着重介绍了吹脱法除氨技术，提出用吹脱法治理沱江和釜溪河的无机氨污染，并进行了上述各法的经济效益比较     

从废感光胶片中回收银

研究了以Fe3 -乙二胺四乙酸二钠-N a2S2O3体系为浸取剂从废感光胶片中回收银的方法,考察了浸出银的最佳工艺条件。实验表明,当浸取剂中FeC l3.6H2O质量浓度为35g/L、N a2S2O3.5H2O质量浓度为150g/L、pH为7、固液质量比为3∶10时,浸取剂可重复使用6次,胶片上银的浸出率可达99%以上;浸取液中的银采用硼氢化钠还原回收,粗银粉配以熔剂高温熔炼可得到纯度达99.78%的银,银回收率达96.88%,回收银后的浸取液可循环使用。     

Oracle Data Guard在塔河数字林业中的应用与实现

根据塔河数字林业系统对数据库的可用性和数据的可恢复性以及恢复时间的要求,在众多备份技术中选择了Oracle Data Guard技术,本文针对这一技术,简要阐述了其概念和功能,并且详细介绍了其技术组件和工作原理.