我国旅游灾害的研究进展

本文首先选取了十几年来国内旅游灾害的相关文献.从文献的数量、研究区域的时空分布等角度行了分析,然后从旅游灾害的致灾要素、成因、预防旅游灾害的对策、旅游灾害预防与管理系统等方面进行综述.最后笔者提出了我国旅游灾害的研究展望.     

高压静电水处理技术的研究现状及其展望

高压静电场水处理技术是近几十年发展起来的、当今水处理领域中的一门高新技术。在此介绍了国内外高压静电场水处理机理和应用研究现状,并对今后高压静电场水处理技术研究提出几点展望。随着对高压静电场水处理机理研究的不断加强和完善。以及对高压静电水处理技术与其它水处理技术的联合水处理工艺研究的突破。高压静电场水处理技术有望成为一种极具应用前景的高效水处理技术。     

曝气法治理落地油土壤环境污染

在落地油污染区,采用曝气法进行了地质环境污染治理。通过曝气前后采样土壤样品、测试结果的分析与对比,研究了不同深度的地下水和土壤中石油类,以及Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Hg等＂五毒＂元素的污染组分变化,发现曝气法对于土壤石油类污染具有良好的治理效果。     

硫化氢的净化技术及研究进展

综合评述了硫化氢废气的各类净化方法及最新的研究进展。硫化氢废气常规净化的方法有氧化法、吸收法、吸附法等,目前净化硫化氢废气的主要新技术,包括生物法、臭氧氧化法、电化学法和电子束照微波分解法。重点论述了生物法和电化学法净化工艺,生物法主要用于低浓度大气量的硫化氢废气的处理,具有设备简单、运行费用低,较少形成二次污染等优点;电化学法具有处理效率高、操作简便、不产生副产物或二次污染物等优点。这两种方法发展前景非常广阔,是今后发展的一个方向。     

校园人工湿地科教基地建设及研究

2006年课题组在校园内组建了一套复合人工湿地实验系统,用于处理学生宿舍的部分生活污水,开展人工湿地净化水质的研究。经过3a的追踪分析测试,使学生掌握了人工湿地的工艺设计及净化机理,取得了较好的研究成果和教学效果,为学校搭建了一个科教平台,促进了教学与科研的同步发展。     

To speed or not to speed: Thematic analysis of American driving narratives

IntroductionSpeeding is a major cause of unintentional roadway death in the United States. Existing data show that U.S. drivers tend to speed less as they age, but reasons for this change remain largely unknown. Limited research has examined why U.S. drivers decide to speed or why U.S. drivers decide not to speed, and none to date has determined why speeding behaviors change over the life course. Research into these issues can provide insight that may be harnessed for more effective anti-speeding interventions that catalyze decisions not to speed. Methods: The current study asked a national sample of U.S. drivers (N = 309) about their driving behaviors and how they have changed over time using an open-ended prompt in an online survey. The authors qualitatively coded responses using a narrative analysis lens to identify common themes. Results: Results show U.S. drivers often make deliberate choices to speed and some do not consider speeding to be dangerous after achieving perceived mastery of driving skills. Participants tended to report speeding less over time, citing increased concern for family and other roadway users, which may help explain national speeding data trends. Several other themes emerged identifying individual cognitive factors, environmental contexts, and key persons impacting speeding decisions. Practical Applications: Findings show that the most effective means of encouraging U.S. drivers to decide not to speed may be multi-pronged intervention approaches highlighting how speeding reduces roadway driver control, connecting speeding with safety, and encompassing road design and law enforcement strategies.     

健全和完善铁路运输安全法制体系的思考

笔者以《铁路法》、《安全生产法》为基础,分析了我国铁路安全法制建设的现状,提出铁路安全法制化建设的基本原则,并就创新完善铁路安全管理机制、健全科学的铁路安全管理体系、完善铁路运输安全法制管理的具体内容等进行初步探讨,同时就加快铁路安全法制化建设提出几点建议。     

微粒尺寸分布(PSD)在污水处理研究中的应用

介绍了污水中微粒的分类、尺寸分布(PSD)和检测PSD的方法。PSD与污水化学成分相关,不同来源的污水PSD各不相同,且PSD会随着污水处理流程变化。PSD可对污水进行表征,对传统方法进行辅助和补充。在生物处理中,微粒尺寸与BOD降解速率呈反比例关系,PSD可提供COD组分迁移变化的必要信息,直接影响着生物处理的效果。无论是对传统活性污泥法还是对生物膜法中的PSD进行研究,均可评估生物处理中碳源是否足够,分析去除机理,优化处理效果。PSD对痕量物质的去除和迁移具有重要意义,在深度过滤中,污水中PSD呈幂函数关系,PSD可研究雌激素等痕量物质的去除机理。PSD作为一个新型的研究工具,可以进一步深入应用于污水处理领域,对该领域的研究和技术升级具有重要意义。     

陆生无脊椎动物监测土壤重金属污染

随着农药、杀虫剂的大量施放,土壤重金属污染也正在日益严重,土壤重金属污染正在日益受到人们的关注,如何利用土壤动物监测这些污染具有极其重要的意义,而陆生无脊椎动物对于监测土壤重金属污染起到重要的作用.文章综述了陆生无脊椎动物监测土壤重金属污染的研究进展.     

New policies to deal with climate change and other drivers impacting on resilience to flooding in urban areas: the CORFU approach

In the context of urban flood management, resilience is equal to resisting, recovering, reflecting and responding. The variety of causes of flooding and their consequences underpin the need for increased and internationally coordinated efforts to enhance technologies and policies for dealing with floods. This paper addresses this issue and presents some novel research ideas related to resilience to flooding in urban areas, which are under development within the EU FP7 project ‘Collaborative research on flood resilience in urban areas’ (CORFU). The approach adopted in this project aims to quantify the cost-effectiveness of resilience measures and integrative and adaptable flood management plans for different scenarios of relevant drivers: urban development, socio-economic trends and climate changes. It is believed that the way in which the different models are being put together, combined with the variability of conditions in case study areas in Asia and in Europe, will ultimately enable more scientifically sound policies for the management of the consequences of urban flooding.