土桥3.4级地震与榆树台地电阻率异常回顾

回顾了1994年11月24日榆树市土桥镇东发生3.4级地震的情况;简要介绍了榆树台的基本情况;分析了土桥地震的宏观异常以及波及的范围;本文同时还解析了此次地震前榆树台地电阻率异常表现及其方法.     

转炉烟气粉尘比电阻影响因素实验研究

实验研究了转炉烟气干法除尘系统不同位置粉尘的矿物组成、粒度分布及温度、湿度对粉尘比电阻的影响。研究结果表明,同一粉尘样品由室温加热到220℃,比电阻变化趋势都是先升高再降低,在150℃左右比电阻值最高;在低温区,粉尘粒径越大比电阻值越大,当比电阻值达到峰值后,粉尘粒径越小则比电阻值越大,且原始粉尘样品的比电阻值最小;转炉粉尘中含量较高的成分为CaO和Fe_2O_3,粉尘比电阻值随着CaO含量增加而增加,随着Fe_2O_3含量的增加而降低,且在含量变化相同的情况下,CaO对粉尘比电阻值增大的作用强于Fe_2O_3对比电阻值降低的作用;随着粉尘含水量的升高,粉尘比电阻值逐渐降低。     

解决地电台站受电磁干扰的一种有效尝试

随着南京地铁1号线的建成,南京地铁也相继运行,而地铁运行对南京台的地电阻率观测数据造成了干扰.南京台距离地铁线路的垂直距离约为7 km.通过计算分析用南京台地电阻率观测的00时～05时的6个整点值的均值数据来代替由24个整点值数据计算出的日均值,能够满足地电阻率手段的日常分析预报.目前磁电观测的环境干扰越来越严重,搬迁不是解决问题的唯一办法,而通过改进数据处理的办法,避开干扰,可能是解决这一问题的另一条出路.     

Hydraulic anisotropy characterization of pneumatic-fractured sediments using azimuthal self potential gradient

The pneumatic fracturing technique is used to enhance the permeability and porosity of tight unconsolidated soils (e.g. clays), thereby improving the effectiveness of remediation treatments. Azimuthal self potential gradient (ASPG) surveys were performed on a compacted, unconsolidated clay block in order to evaluate their potential to delineate contaminant migration pathways in a mechanically-induced fracture network. Azimuthal resistivity (ARS) measurements were also made for comparative purposes. Following similar procedures to those used in the field, compressed kaolinite sediments were pneumatically fractured and the resulting fracture geometry characterized from strike analysis of visible fractures combined with strike data from optical borehole televiewer (BHTV) imaging. We subsequently injected a simulated treatment (electrolyte/dye) into the fractures. Both ASPG and ARS data exhibit anisotropic geoelectric signatures resulting from the fracturing. Self potentials observed during injection of electrolyte are consistent with electrokinetic theory and previous laboratory results on a fracture block model. Visual (polar plot) analysis and linear regression of cross plots show ASPG lobes are correlated with azimuths of high fracture strike density, evidence that the ASPG anisotropy is a proxy measure of hydraulic anisotropy created by the pneumatic fracturing. However, ARS data are uncorrelated with fracture strike maxima and resistivity anisotropy is probably dominated by enhanced surface conduction along azimuths of weak ‘starter paths’ formed from pulverization of the clay and increases in interfacial surface area. We find the magnitude of electrokinetic SP scales with the applied N₂ gas pressure gradient (ΔPN₂) for any particular hydraulically-active fracture set and that the positive lobe of the ASPG anomaly indicates the flow direction within the fracture network. These findings demonstrate the use of ASPG in characterizing the effectiveness of (1) pneumatic fracturing and (2) defining likely flow directions of remedial treatments in unconsolidated sediments and rock.     

电导率法在海水入侵监测中的应用

海水入侵是人类不合理开采地下淡水而导致的一种环境恶化的地质灾害,其发生过程是一个可监测和可预报的过程。目前海水入侵的监测方法主要为物探和水化学方法,本文讨论了电导率法在海水入侵实际监测中的原理及应用。     

南京台旧地电场地震例总结

根据南京台旧地电场地的十余年电阻率资料 ,讨论了电阻率变化与这一期间江苏发生的中强地震间的可能关系 ,分析了震前电阻率异常变化的主要特征。同时 ,对该台新、旧地电场地电阻率观测资料进行了对比分析 ,其结果也可供其他地电台参考     

低品位硫铁矿烧渣制备导电掺合料

采用川南低品位硫铁矿烧渣为主要原料,利用其中的高铁含量及大量活性烧粘土组分,通过在还原气氛下将硫铁矿烧渣与少量还原剂混合粉磨均匀后成型焙烧这一最优工艺,制备电阻率较低的具有胶结性质的导电掺合料,研究了温度、保温时间、配合比、粉磨细度等关键参数对电阻率的影响。结果表明:还原剂为混合料质量分数的9.1%(还原剂与烧渣比值=0.1),5～30 MPa成型后在800℃高温中焙烧60 min,可制备出电阻率为2.02Ω.m的导电掺合料。该方法不仅能解决川南硫铁矿烧渣的综合利用问题,而且工艺流程简单,产品附加值高。     

Geomorphological and geophysical approach for locating favorable groundwater zones in granitic terrain, Andhra Pradesh, India

The increasing demand for fresh water has necessitated the exploration for new sources of groundwater, particularly in hard rock terrain, where groundwater is a vital source of fresh water. A fast, cost effective and economical way of exploration is to study and analyze remote sensing data. Interpreted remote sensing data was used to select sites for carrying out surface geophysical investigations. Various geomorphologic units were demarcated and the lineaments were identified by interpretation of remote sensing satellite images. The potential for occurrence of groundwater in the watershed areas was classified as very good, good, moderate and poor by interpreting the images. Sub-surface geophysical investigations, namely vertical electrical soundings, were carried out to delineate potential water-bearing zones. Integrated studies of interpretation of geomorphologic and geophysical data were used to prepare a groundwater potential map. The studies reveal that the groundwater potential of shallow aquifers is due to geomorphologic features and the potential of deeper aquifers is determined by lineaments such as faults and joints.     

Aquifer Transmissivity and Basement Structure Determination Using Resistivity Sounding at Jos Plateau State Nigeria

A geoelectric investigation involving twenty-six vertical electrical soundings was carried out at Jos, Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. The survey was aimed at determining the structure of the underlying bedrock, as well as computing the transmissivity for the aquifer in the area. The basement geometrymapproduced from the results of the survey indicates that the bedrock is undulating lying at depths between 30 m to 6.5 m. There is evidence of faulting and fracturing within the area. Computation of aquifer transmissivity values based on the results obtained made it possible to demarcate regions with good ground water potential in the area.     

不同煤化程度煤种对飞灰导电特性影响的实验研究

研究了不同煤化程度煤种的导电特性的实验结果表明,高煤化煤种与低煤化煤种的导电特性相差极大。前者比电阻可降至106Ω·cm以下,几十伏电压即发生电击穿。而后者比电阻最高可达10¹²Ω·cm以上,击穿电压超过10kV;高煤化燃煤飞灰的含碳量达到20％时,比电阻发生了陡降,而低煤化燃煤飞灰的含碳量对飞灰导电特性的影响不大,甚至产生负面影响。导致这一结果的机理是不同煤化程度煤种的晶体结构的差异