Usage,definition, and measurement of coexistence,tolerance and acceptance in wildlife conservation research in Africa

The terms ‘coexistence’, ‘tolerance,’ and ‘acceptance’ appear frequently in conservation literature, but lack consistent characterization, making them difficult to apply across intervention frameworks. This review aims to describe the common characterizations of these three terms using Africa-based research as a case study. Through systematic lexical searches, we identified 392 papers containing one or more of the three terms. We assessed their usage, definition, and measurement (or lack thereof) in wildlife conservation. Coexistence was used in 46% of papers, but was defined in only 2% and measured in 4%. Tolerance and acceptance were used in 63% and 61% of the papers in which they appeared, respectively, defined in 4% and 2%, and measured in 19% and 5%. These results confirm the lack of clear understanding of these concepts and evidence the need for a precise lexicon. This would allow conservationists to cohesively describe their work and increase replicability of research across contexts.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01352-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

矿产资源开发生态补偿文献综述及实践进展

矿产资源开发会造成严重的环境污染和生态破坏,影响矿区经济增长和居民生活,为了消除这种负外部性,必须给予相应的补偿。在概念界定的基础上,对矿产资源开发生态补偿的理论文献进行系统梳理,并对国内外实践进行总结。分析发现：现有研究在内容上尚存在一些不足之处,包括生态补偿契约设计问题、补偿资金分摊问题、差异化补偿标准问题、不同补偿模式交易成本测度及临界点问题等。这些问题是未来值得进一步深入研究的学术问题。我国矿产资源开发生态补偿起步较晚,在实践中暴露出一些问题,包括制度建设和监管体系等。相比较而言,美国、德国、英国等国家经过长期的实践,在法律体系建设、不同矿区分类补偿、进入和退出机制、资金保障制度、监管机制构建等方面具有丰富的经验,取得了非常好的效果。借鉴其他国家的先进经验,可以从几方面完善我国矿产资源开发生态补偿机制,包括健全法律法规体系、完善保证金制度、健全生态补偿税费制度、建立健全监管体系等。     

纤维干燥尾气余热利用中的积灰研究

在纤维干燥尾气的余热回收利用中,飞灰沉积会直接影响设备的安全高效运行,不利于木材工业的节能减排。阐述了飞灰沉积机理和数值模拟等研究现状。对于弹性球形颗粒的沉积,已获得了一些科学可靠的机理模型和论证结果,为灰污防治提供了合理的技术支持;关于柔性细长颗粒的沉积,仅取得少量的成果,需要进一步全面深入展开相关研究。     

Best‐practice recommendations for estimating interaction effects using meta‐analysis

One of the key advantages of meta‐analysis (i.e., a quantitative literature review) over a narrative literature review is that it allows for formal tests of interaction effects—namely, whether the relationship between two variables is contingent upon the value of another (moderator) variable. Interaction effects play a central role in organizational science research because they highlight boundary conditions of a theory: Conditions under which relationships change in strength and/or direction. This article describes procedures for estimating interaction effects using meta‐analysis, distills the technical literature for a general readership of organizational science researchers, and includes specific best‐practice recommendations regarding actions researchers can take before and after data collection to improve the accuracy of substantive conclusions regarding interaction effects investigated meta‐analytically. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微量钒的分光光度测定方法研究进展

综述分光光度法测定试样中微量钒,并对各种方法的测量条件、特点以及应用范围作了较为详尽的论述和介绍。     

地震对人类影响及应对的研究综述

每一次破坏性地震都给人类的财产、生命、身心、生活等各个方面造成严重影响,并且地震灾情因社会发展而加重.已有研究从地震灾后抢救、重建和防震减灾等角度进行,存在很大不足:应急研究频繁,长期灾后重建研究不足;政府支持角度研究多,非正式支持研究少;自然科学研究较多,人文社会科学研究少,尤其是中国对地震的经验总结不足.     

From a literature review to a conceptual framework for sustainable supply chain management

Academic and corporate interest in sustainable supply chain management has risen considerably in recent years. This can be seen by the number of papers published and in particular by journal special issues. To establish the field further, the purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it offers a literature review on sustainable supply chain management taking 191 papers published from 1994 to 2007 into account. Second, it offers a conceptual framework to summarize the research in this field comprising three parts. As starting point related triggers are identified. This allows putting forward two distinct strategies: (1) supplier management for risks and performance, and (2) supply chain management for sustainable products. It is evident that research is still dominated by green/environmental issues. Social aspects and also the integration of the three dimensions of sustainability are still rare.Both practitioners in companies and academics might find the review useful, as it outlines major lines of research in the field. Further, it discusses specific features of sustainable supply chains as well as limitations of existing research; this should stimulate further research.     

鸟粪石分析与表征技术综述

对X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FT—IR）和拉曼光谱（Ralnan）、热分析（TGA）及化学分析法等技术用于分析和表征鸟粪石的最新研究进展进行了综述。表明X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱和拉曼光谱等能定性判断所得沉淀中是否含有鸟粪石,而难以定量分析鸟粪石含量。通过元素分析以及由此而建立的鸟粪石含量计算方法可以定量确定沉淀中鸟粪石的含量。热分析能提供热性能信息从而为所得沉淀的干燥处理过程提供有用的依据。     

国内旅游地水环境研究综述

水环境问题是旅游环境研究的重点领域之一。本文从研究理论、方法、区域和内容方面对国内水环境研究作一系统综述,并指出目前我国旅游水环境的研究理论较侧重水环境专业理论,与旅游结合的理论运用不足;研究方法注重一般的环境影响评价方法,社会方法运用较少;研究区域注重水域型旅游地,海滨海岛及山岳、古村落等旅游地较少;研究内容侧重旅游对水环境的自然影响,水资源利用及社会影响研究较少。