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251.
本文通过回顾我省30多年来地震监测台网的建设与发展以及地震监测数字化观测系统的发展历程,阐明了在新形势下如何进一步推进地震监测发展的思考,提出了新的观点和讨论的问题,以此促进我省地震监测工作的不断发展。 相似文献
252.
The present review sets out to identify differences between refugees and other more stable communities living in less developed countries: demographic, mortality, morbidity, nutritional and selected epidemiological data are discussed. Although generalizations are difficult because of the variability of refugees and their differing circumstances, the health problems and diseases do not appear to differ qualitatively, although they may be quantitatively more severe.
The areas of particular concern lie not so much with the problems but with approaches to their solutions: the need to respond rapidly and appropriately to emergencies, the importance of attending to the priorities of nutrition, shelter, sanitation and water; and the necessity of providing services which are sufficiently flexible and sensitive to the changing needs of the refugees as they move from the acute emergency to the long-term settlements.
The review highlights certain areas where insufficient information is currently available, notably mental illness and the long-term issues of health and development, and outlines the implications of the conclusions for policy makers, with particular reference to training and research. 相似文献
The areas of particular concern lie not so much with the problems but with approaches to their solutions: the need to respond rapidly and appropriately to emergencies, the importance of attending to the priorities of nutrition, shelter, sanitation and water; and the necessity of providing services which are sufficiently flexible and sensitive to the changing needs of the refugees as they move from the acute emergency to the long-term settlements.
The review highlights certain areas where insufficient information is currently available, notably mental illness and the long-term issues of health and development, and outlines the implications of the conclusions for policy makers, with particular reference to training and research. 相似文献
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255.
危险品道路运输风险评价与优化选线的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
危险品道路运输的风险评价与优化选线是对其进行安全管理与科学化决策的基础和重要依据,也是减少危险品运输事故概率与降低运输沿线影响人员风险的重要措施.通过对国内外危险品道路运输风险评价与优化选线研究以及相关技术与软件的发展状况进行详细评述,总结了常用的风险评价模型、选线标准以及优化选线方法,并给出了一些国家的个人风险和单位运输距离(通常为1 km)社会风险的可接受标准.最后,对我国的危险品道路运输安全管理提出了对策与建议. 相似文献
256.
David Alexander JC Gaillard Ilan Kelman Fausto Marincioni Edmund Penning‐Rowsell Dewald van Niekerk Lauren J. Vinnell 《Disasters》2021,45(1):5-18
Nowadays there are approximately 80 Anglophone journals that deal primarily with disaster risk reduction (DRR) and allied fields. This large array signals a sustained, if uneven, growth in DRR scholarship but also competition between the offerings of different publishers and institutions. The purpose of this article is first to summarise the development of academic publishing on DRR from its early beginnings to the present day. The paper then evaluates the current state of publishing in this field and discusses possible future trends. Next, it identifies some possible opportunities, challenges, expectations, and commitments for journal editors both within DRR and academia more broadly, including those that refer to changes in the use of terminology, the relentless increase in the number of papers submitted, the expansion and dangers of predatory journals, different peer review models, open access versus paywalls, citations and bibliography metrics, academic social networks, and copyright and distribution issues. 相似文献
257.
水是生产、生活不可或缺、不可替代的自然资源。生活污水因水质较矿井水差,处理后回用途径受限。结合国家的环保形势,回顾晋煤集团生活污水的处理、利用情况,介绍处理、利用现状。 相似文献
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259.
重金属废水的生物治理技术研究进展 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
重金属污染水体的修复是目前研究的热点之一,其中生物治理技术尤其得到了广泛关注。利用菌类微生物的表面结构特性及其生化代谢作用,通过吸附法、代谢法、絮凝法等将重金属元素与水体分离或降低其毒性,可达到废水治理的目的。运用藻类细胞壁对重金属离子的化学吸附作用,可从水体中分离出重金属离子,国内外对此进行了广泛研究。种植能富集重金属的水生植物可有效治理受污染的天然水体。基因工程技术在这一领域的应用,加强了菌类和微藻的吸附、代谢、絮凝功能,提高了废水处理能力。固定化技术的应用提高了废水治理的效率及稳定性,有力地推动了重金属废水微生物治理技术的发展。文章综述了近年来国内外在利用微生物及植物技术治理重金属废水方面的研究进展,并对其发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
260.
Treatment technologies for aqueous perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chad D. Vecitis Hyunwoong Park Jie Cheng Brian T. Mader Michael R. Hoffmann 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(2):129-151
Fluorochemicals (FCs) are oxidatively recalcitrant, environmentally persistent, and resistant to most conventional treatment
technologies. FCs have unique physiochemical properties derived from fluorine which is the most electronegative element. Perfluorooctanesulfonate
(PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) have been detected globally in the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. Reducing treatment
technologies such as reverses osmosis, nano-filtration and activated carbon can remove FCs from water. However, incineration
of the concentrated waste is required for complete FC destruction. Recently, a number of alternative technologies for FC decomposition
have been reported. The FC degradation technologies span a wide range of chemical processes including direct photolysis, photocatalytic
oxidation, photochemical oxidation, photochemical reduction, thermally-induced reduction, and sonochemical pyrolysis. This
paper reviews these FC degradation technologies in terms of kinetics, mechanism, energetic cost, and applicability. The optimal
PFOS/PFOA treatment method is strongly dependent upon the FC concentration, background organic and metal concentration, and
available degradation time. 相似文献