Sample Preparation Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) Analysis for Monitoring Muconic Acid as a Biomarker of Occupational Exposure to Benzene

Factors affecting solid phase extraction (SPE) of trans,trans-muconic acid (ttMA), as a benzene biomarker, including sample pH, sample concentration, sample volume, sample flow rate, washing solvent, elution solvent, and type of sorbent were evaluated. Extracted samples were determined by HPLC-UV(highperformance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet). The analytical column was C18, UV wave length was 259 nm, and the mobile phase was H2O/methanol/acetic acid run at flow rate of 1 ml/min. A strong anion exchange silica cartridge was found successful in simplifying SPE. There was a significant difference between recoveries of ttMA when different factors were used (p < .001). An optimum recovery was obtained when sample pH was adjusted at 7. There was no significant difference when different sample concentrations were used (p > .05). The optimized method was then validated with 3 different pools of samples showing good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days and 6 within-day experiments.     

PPS滤料机械性能测试研究

袋式除尘行业里,所用滤料本身的性质有重要的意义,而衡量滤料性质的指标中最重要的一点就是其机械性能的稳定性。在产品大批量投产与使用之前,都要对这项指标进行测定。文章以PPS滤料为例,研究了在测定滤料机械性能时,样品选取尺寸的大小对其断裂强力和断裂伸长率两项机械性能测试数值的影响。     

混合生物制剂对废水中总磷处理效能的模拟实验研究

混合生物茵处理废水是近年来一项正日益得到广泛重视和应用的新型环保技术,本文运用微生物分解有机物技术,从混合生物制剂适宜的环境条件入手,研究总磷水样的浓度、投加量以及pH值、温度等条件对工业废水中总磷去除效果的影响。结果表明,在pH值为8．5～9．0左右,温度在25℃～30℃时混合生物制剂投加量为0．3g对总磷浓度为40．0ug／ml的模拟水样去除效果较好。     

便携式X射线荧光光谱仪快速测定土壤中多种金属元素

采用粉末压片、X射线荧光光谱分析土壤中的多种金属元素,经标准样品验证,该方法的检出限、准确度、精密度均符合分析要求。与原子吸收光谱法做对比试验,结果表明Ni和Cr相对偏差较大,而Cu、Zn、Mn和Pb相对偏差均〈5％。实验表明x射线荧光光谱分析法样品制备简单、分析速度快,适用于应急监测。     

加速溶剂萃取/凝胶渗透色谱净化/气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱测定生物样品中的四溴联苯醚

建立了一种分析生物样品中四溴联苯醚（BDE-47）的方法.获得了优化的前处理条件和GC/MS检测条件,采用加速溶剂萃取（ASE）-凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）/多层硅胶-氧化铝复合柱净化,气相色谱-质谱（负化学离子源）（GC/NCI-MS）分析.以猪肝为基质的BDE-47加标回收率结果为77.3%—118.7%,相对标准偏差...     

基于信息扩散的城市区域风险研究

应用信息扩散原理,通过扩散函数对不完备信息进行适当的信息膨胀,建立观测样本和风险概率分布的映射关系,构建了基于信息扩散的城市区域安全生产风险计算模型.并以某市新北区的安全生产风险作为研究对象,选取该区域2005-2010年各年度建筑施工事故、火灾事故、工矿商贸事故的死亡人数和地区亿元GDP死亡率作为该区域安全生产风险的...     

流程图在环境监测实验室的应用实例研究

环境监测实验室工作复杂且有难度,在实际操作过程中存在职责不明、缺乏统一流程管理等问题。将企业先进的流程管理理念应用于环境监测实验室,按人、机、料、法、环、测等因素对实验室日常工作进行了梳理和分析,以其中三项有代表性的工作流程（样品管理、仪器设备验收管理和人员持证上岗管理）为例绘制工作流程图,并提出了流程图的管理建议和发展趋势,给新形势、新常态下环境监测系统面临的转型提供一些管理建议,让科学的管理为环境监测工作服务。     

Identification of sources of lead in the atmosphere by chemical speciation using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy

Sources of Pb pollution in the local atmosphere together with Pb species, major ions, and heavy metal concentrations in a size-fractionated aerosol sample from Higashi-Hiroshima(Japan) have been determined by X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES) spectroscopy, ion chromatography, and ICP-MS/AES, respectively. About 80% of total Pb was concentrated in fine aerosol particles. Lead species in the coarse aerosol particles were PbC2O4, 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2, and Pb(NO3)2, whereas Pb species in the fine aerosol particles were PbC2O4, PbSO4, and Pb(NO3)2. Chemical speciation and abundance data suggested that the source of Pb in the fine aerosol particles was different from that of the coarse ones. The dominant sources of Pb in the fine aerosol particles were judged to be fly ash from a municipal solid waste incinerator and heavy oil combustion. For the coarse aerosol particles, road dust was considered to be the main Pb source. In addition to Pb species, elemental concentrations in the aerosols were also determined. The results suggested that Pb species in size-fractionated aerosols can be used to identify the origin of aerosol particles in the atmosphere as an alternative to Pb isotope ratio measurement.     

生化需氧量质控样品的测定方法研究

生化需氧量是在规定条件下,微生物分解存在水中的某些可氧化物质,特别是有机物所进行的生物化学过程中消耗溶解氧的量。生化需氧量质控样品的测定是检验一个化验员合格与否的重要依据,对于验证环境监测结果的准确性、精密性起着关键作用。而质控样品的测定与日常污水样品的测定是两个不同的概念,为了使初学者对质控样品的测定有一个直观的了解,详细叙述了质控样品的测定全过程。通过大量实验数据的采集,从实际出发证明该方法可靠有效。     

实验用水对总氮检测结果的影响

用RO纯水与超纯水分别作为实验用水,通过标准曲线及空白、标准样品、水样等总氮测定对比实验,发现两种实验用水的标准曲线及空白值、标准样品的检测均受控,但两种纯水对比实验显示相对于超纯水而言,RO纯水中有一定浓度的总氮,同时在水样检测中用RO纯水作实验用水测定值明显低于用超纯水作实验用水的测定值,其差值与RO纯水中总氮值相符。实验结果表明总氮检测中不能只以标准曲线、空白值和标准样品测定值作为受控标准,要考虑实验用水中硝酸根离子的影响。