新型重金属絮凝剂巯基乙酰化磺甲基聚丙烯酰胺除铜除浊性能研究

以聚丙烯酰胺、甲醛、亚硫酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、巯基乙酸为原料,通过化学方法制备出一种新型高分子重金属絮凝剂—巯基乙酰化磺甲基聚丙烯酰胺(MASPAM).采用含Cu(Ⅱ)、含浊水样及其混合水样为处理对象,研究了不同Cu(Ⅱ)初始浓度、原浊、pH值等条件下MASPAM对Cu(Ⅱ)和浊度的去除性能.结果表明,MASPAM对水样中的Cu(Ⅱ)和浊度均具有一定的去除效果.对于单一体系,Cu(Ⅱ)初始浓度为25mg·L-1、pH值为6.0时,Cu(Ⅱ)的最高去除率为94.7%;原浊为230 NTU、pH值为6.0时,浊度的最高去除率为88.9%.对于含Cu(Ⅱ)、含浊混合体系,Cu(Ⅱ)、浊度的去除效果相比单一体系均明显提高,最高去除率分别为98.7%、99.8%,表现出显著的协同效应.     

WATER LOSSES ALONG A REACH OF THE PECOS RIVER IN NEW MEXICO1

ABSTRACT: A reach of the Pecos River, located in eastern New Mexico, was examined to evaluate losses of river flows due to evaporation, seepage, and transpiration. An accurate assessment of the water losses along this reach is critical for determining how water rights are adjudicated for water users in the Pecos basin and interstate compact accounting. Water losses significantly impact flows through critical habitat for species protected under the Endangered Species Act. Daily losses of river flows were analyzed for the study reach that extends from immediately below the Pecos River confluence with Taiban Creek to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) gage near Acme. The analysis was completed with consideration for other processes including flood wave travel times and attenuation along with stream bank storage and returns. The analysis was completed using daily stream flow data from USGS gages located along the study reach. Empirical seasonal functions were developed to relate flow loss to the flow rate in the river. The functions were ultimately developed to provide a method for comparing the effects of different river flows on the available water supply.     

导弹火工品贮存寿命的影响因素分析

以现役某型反舰弹火工品为研究对象,结合其贮存、使用、维护的特点,分析了可能影响贮存寿命的因素.对火工品定寿模式及方法进行了分析,对双因素试验法在火工品定寿方面的优势进行了综述,同时对其过程及模型进行了研究.利用双因素试验法,对某导弹2类火工品定寿的影响因素进行了分析.研究结果表明,温度是火工品贮存寿命最主要的影响因素.     

阿伦尼乌斯公式在弹箭贮存寿命评估中的应用

以某型号导弹舵机橡胶密封材料为例,阐述了弹箭贮存寿命定量评估的方法,分析了科学确定失效判据的重要性,介绍了自然环境试验和实验室加速老化试验在弹箭贮存寿命定量评估中的应用.重点论述了阿伦尼乌斯公式应用于弹箭贮存寿命定量评估的本质,详细说明了阿伦尼乌斯公式适用的反应及温度,强调了应用阿伦尼乌斯公式定量评估弹箭贮存寿命必须进...     

嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌休止细胞保存时间及循环利用对施氏矿物生物合成的影响

利用嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,简称A.ferrooxidans)休止细胞促进FeSO4形成的施氏矿物具有纯度高比表面积大的特点,对去除水环境中有毒重(类)金属有重要作用.为提供施氏矿物规模化生产优化参数,本研究通过摇瓶试验探讨了休止细胞保存时间对其活力的影响,以...     

Ex-ante environmental assessments of novel technologies - Improved caprolactam catalysis and hydrogen storage

Utrecht University has conducted a pilot sustainability assessment for the executive board of the chemistry program ACTS (Advanced Chemical Technologies for Sustainability) of the Netherlands’ Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). These assessments represent prospective, i.e. ’ex-ante’ studies on the production of caprolactam by an improved catalyst and on different hydrogen storage options (i.e. compressed and liquefied hydrogen, storage in metal hydrides and storage in a metal organic framework). The pilot sustainability assessments followed the principles of environmental life cycle assessment (LCA), thereby focusing on non-renewable energy use (NREU) and climate change (GWP100). It was found that caprolactam with the novel catalyst has lower impacts than petrochemical caprolactam production from benzene but higher impacts than bio-based caprolactam produced via fermentation. Regarding hydrogen storage, it was found that compressed and liquid hydrogen have the highest impacts. The impacts of the metal hydrides and the metal organic frameworks show by far the lowest environmental impacts. The main reason is that these materials can be reused up to 1500 times (refilling of tank), while for compressing and liquefaction of hydrogen energy is needed each time a tank needs to be refilled. The study demonstrates the successful application of ex-ante technology assessment.     

榆林气田地下储气库建设前期技术研究

榆林气田自2001年投入规模开发以来积累了丰富的地质认识,通过已有的动、静态地质资料和国内外储气库建设的经验,细化地质模型,优选封闭构造体,优化储气库参数,建设一个具有储气量大、安全系数高、经济效益好的储气库,从而满足用气高峰期时下游用户的需求。     

产毒微囊藻mcyA基因荧光定量PCR方法的建立

针对微囊藻毒素合成酶基因mcyA探索一种适用于自然水样中微囊藻毒素产毒潜能检测的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法.该方法从铜绿微囊藻FACHB-1279中的mcyA基因中扩增出目的基因片段,用TA克隆方法将基因片段插入Allel TA vector (ABP-CETAVEC020)中来制备质粒标准晶.通过不同连续稀释...     

滇池底泥堆场次生植被富集污染物调查

对滇池周边3个底泥堆场次生演替恢复过程中主要植物的生态学特征和污染物富集情况进行了调查。结果表明：随着底泥堆场由表流湿地向潜流湿地过渡,植被的整体含水量逐渐减少,种群密度逐渐增加;3个底泥堆场优势种的生物量随着植被恢复时间的增长而逐步减少;植物优势种富集某种重金属的能力与生物量的相关性系数（Zn〈Cu〈Pb〈As〈Cr〈Cd〈Hg）随富集能力的提高而降低,其中Hg的富集与生物量有较高的相关性;水生植物富集污染物的能力高于陆生植物;水生植物富集污染物能力最强的是凤眼蓝,其次是长柱柳叶菜和水烛;陆生植物富集污染物能力最强的是稗、云南莎草和水蓼。     

油气回收技术在储运系统的应用

介绍了储运各个过程中的油气排放情况,及吸收法、吸附法、冷凝法、膜分离法和氧化燃烧法这5种油气回收方法的基本原理。重点介绍了近几年吸收法、吸附法、冷凝法、膜分离法这4种油气回收装置在油库和加油站应用的国内外新成果,以及新兴的车载油气回收系统(ORVR)。