河口及近海的生态特点与渔业资源

河口对生物的繁衍进化和人类社会的发展起着重要作用,是许多生物种群繁殖、育幼的水域,又是溯河和降海鱼类的必经之路,这一水域包括了许多生态类型的生物。河口及其近海水域水质肥沃,生物资源丰富,渔业发达,对资源的补充和保持生态平衡具有重要的意义。海淡水在河口交汇,环境因子复杂多变,其特点既受河流影响又受海洋的制约,环境条件具有显著的季节周期性。河口受人类活动影响日益严重,拟兴建的三峡工程和上海浦东的开发必将对河口产生深远影响,应加强研究,综合治理,保护河口的生态平衡和渔业资源。     

137Cs Inventory in Abiotic Component and Biota From the Aegean and Ionian Sea - Greece

This study deals with ¹³⁷Cs dispersion and behaviour in the Aegean and Ionian Sea based on work done during the period 1984-1994, as a brief general review. Sea water, sediment and marine biota were analysed and measured by gamma spectrometry and the activity concentrations of ¹³⁷Cs were evaluated with consideration to the sources of pollution. According to ¹³⁷Cs levels the period is distinguished into three sub-periods, the pre-Chernobyl, the early Chernobyl influence and the late Chernobyl influence period. During the early period of the Chernobyl accident the ¹³⁷Cs levels in the Greek marine environment increased roughly up to an order of magnitude if compared with the pre-accident ones. Since 1988, the late impact of the accident is focused mainly in the North Aegean Sea, at the Dardanelles mouth, due to the Black Sea outflow.     

恐龙之乡川南游

川南地区，历史悠久，文化灿烂，风光优美，是四川的精品旅游路线之一。自贡的恐龙群窟，堪称世界奇观。盐都自贡僰海井，是中华民族智慧的结晶。万里长江第一城的宜宾，风景秀丽。珙县石碑龙，具有极高的旅游价值和重大的学术意义，僰人悬棺，是世界上最大的悬棺群。兴文石海洞乡是不可多得的喀斯特公园，其洞穴与漏斗都是世界级的，独具一格的景观配置，构成了一幅世界上极为壮观、极为独特的自然奇观。蜀南竹海更以其浩瀚的翠绿、万壑的柔情，无比的峻秀，给恐龙之乡增添了无比的美丽，无穷的魅力。     

大亚湾海洋生物体中的砷

为也了解大亚湾海洋生物体Ａｓ含量的背景水平，１９９３年大亚湾１５个测站采集了海洋样品，对其Ａｓ含量进行了测定和评价。鱼类，甲索类，头足类和贝类Ａｓ含量的平均值分别为０．４５×１０＾－６，４．７０×１０＾－６，２．２８×１０＾－６和５．５７×１０＾－６，表现出明显的种类间差异。     

浩坤水电站水库岩溶渗漏研究

浩坤水电站位于碳酸盐岩地区,岩溶发育,水文地质条件复杂。水库右岸发育的呈串珠状平行于河谷展布的低邻谷岩溶洼地和库首左侧发育的连通水库内外的赶洞古暗河是水库潜在的主要渗漏通道。通过库区水文地质调查、岩溶洼地群水位同步观测、示踪试验等勘察试验研究工作,查明了浩坤水电站库区岩溶渗漏的主要部位、性质,提出了水库防渗处理意见,并评价了成库条件。     

辽东湾海冰中微生物的分离

本文报道了辽东湾４个采样点海冰样品中异差细菌异养真菌、粪大菌群等微生物的分离，并用海水和淡水培养基分别对其进行了菌数分离比较，同时还对其中两个采样的冰下水与沉积物样品做了分离对照。结果表明，海冰（化冰水）样品中异养细菌的丰度为：１０＾３－１０＾５ＣＦＵ／ｄｍ＾３，异养真菌为：１０＾１－１０＾２ＣＦＵ／ｄｍ＾３；弧菌为；〈１０＾２－１０＾３ＣＦＵ／ｄｍ＾３；石油烃降解菌为：１０＾２－１０＾４ＣＦＵ／     

长链烯酮不饱和度温标研究进展

长链烯酮不饱和度温标是古温度研究的重要替代指标。介绍了小样量、低长链烯酮样品的分析方法 ,长链烯酮的来源、分布 ,长链烯酮的不饱和度与温度的关系及其在古环境研究中的应用。介绍海洋中长链烯酮研究最新进展的同时 ,着重阐述了湖泊中长链烯酮研究现状及存在的主要问题。     

罗源湾海水与外海水的交换研究

根据多年的实测潮位资料，分析罗源湾的潮注特征，并计算出该湾的纳潮量，海水的交换率及海水半更换期。结果表明：罗源湾潮差较大，具有较大的纳潮量、大潮期间该湾的总纳潮量可达到０．９６×１０＾９ｍ＾３。就平均而言、罗源湾海水的半更换期约为１７个潮周期。     

Feto-amniotic shunting—report of the experience of four european centres

Few reports concerning intrauterine shunting are available. We investigated the impact of this method. In order to evaluate intrauterine shunting and the complication rate for different indications, we sent a questionnaire to all German-speaking level 3 centres. In four level 3 centres, 52 intrauterine catheters were inserted in 34 fetuses. The indications were uni- or bilateral hydrothorax in nine cases, cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung in four cases, infravesical stenosis in 13 cases, and fetal ascites in eight cases. In three cases (6 per cent), difficulties occurred when the drain was inserted. In 15 cases (29 per cent), the function of the drain was reduced by dislocation or occlusion. The mortality rate caused by shunting was as high as eight per cent (four cases). The application of an intrauterine shunt currently represents a rarely performed ultrasound-guided therapeutic intervention in the fetus. In all cases, the indication for shunting is to avoid compression of normal tissue by cystic structures. A high complication rate restricts the application of drainage to selected cases.     

横门围垦对邻近海域水环境影响的数值模拟

用二维水动力数值模型,模拟了横门围垦工程对邻近海域水环境的影响。计算结果表明,工程后流速的改变幅度在-10.15～ 10.03cm/s之间,平均为-3.39cm/s。水位的改变幅度在-5.24～ 8.85cm之间,平均为-0.16cm,大潮期间落潮最大流速时水位的变化幅度,稍大于涨潮最大流速时的变化幅度。围垦工程完成后,邻近海域浅滩处的流速进一步降低,有利于促进淤积,加快浅滩成围速度,而深槽处的流速则略有提高,对河道泄洪没有太大影响。邻近海区水位低潮时将略有下降,高潮时将略有上升,但变化不大,最大不超过10cm,平均不到1cm。