海平面升高与水土流失

从中国实际出发,并结合全球水汽循环及水力作用,指出水土流失也是引起海平面升高的一个重要因素。同时,提出了生态保护对策与建议。     

垃圾渗滤混合液启动ANAMMOX反应器研究

试验研究了采用垃圾渗滤混合液启动厌氧氨氧化反应器的可行性.试验结果表明,采用高负荷培养法可在161天内成功启动厌氧氨氧化生物反应器.随着厌氧氨氧化生物反应器的启动进程的推进,硝态氮和氨氮去除量的比值逐渐缩小,且趋于稳定.在厌氧氨氧化活性稳定阶段,硝态氮和氨氮去除量的平均比值为1.19,进出水碱度和pH值趋向一致.厌氧氨氧化生物反应器启动过程中,硝态氮和氨氮去除量的比值和反应器内碱度、pH值的变化可指示厌氧氨氧化生物反应器的启动状况.     

东太湖水生植物的促淤效应与磷的沉积

东太湖水生植物促进淤积效应显著,硬度小于５ｋｇ／ｃｍ＾２的淤积物了平均深度０．９６ｍ,总淤积量１４９３７００００ｔ,东南沿岸茭草分布区淤积尤为严重,生物有机物质只占总淤积量的１．５２％,水生植物并非淤积物的主要来源,但生物有机物质引起的淤积物疏松效应使得全湖淤积深度增辑０．２０ｍ,占总淤积深度的２０．８％,表层沉积中生有机物含量３．７７％,疏松效应占淤积深度的６４％,淤积物中总磷平均含量０．０２３     

两级UASB与好氧组合工艺处理城市生活垃圾渗滤液的启动研究

采用两级UASB与好氧组合工艺处理早期城市生活垃圾渗滤液.系统出水按不同比例回流到一级UASB中进行反硝化,同时进行产甲烷反应,有机物在二级UASB中被进一步降解,好氧池完成剩余有机物的去除和氨氮的硝化.启动阶段通过对原渗滤液不同比例的稀释,分5次逐步提高进水浓度,启动结束时完成了对原渗滤液的高效处理.在进水COD浓度从3000 mg/L提高到15000 mg/L,氨氮浓度从250 mg/L提高到1400 mg/L时,最终COD去除率稳定在92%左右,氨氮去除率可达99%以上,一级UASB中反硝化率接近100%,回流比为300%时系统总氮去除率为70%～80%.     

Signal-transfer modeling for regional assessment of forest responses to environmental changes in the southeastern United States

Stochastic transfer of information in a hierarchy of simulators is offered as a conceptual approach for assessing forest responses to changing climate and air quality across 13 southeastern states of the USA. This assessment approach combines geographic information system and Monte Carlo capabilities with several scales of computer modeling for southern pine species and eastern deciduous forests. Outputs, such as forest production, evapotranspiration and carbon pools, may be compared statistically for alternative equilibrium or transient scenarios providing a statistical basis for decision making in regional assessments. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

大冶铁矿电力机车高压安全保护装置的改进

武钢大冶铁矿运输车间使用的是ZG150-1500型工矿电力机车,该电力机车原有1套高压保护装置,但是设计上局限于受电弓升落的控制,忽视了受电弓不能正常复位情况下的防触电保护功能,运输车间技术人员进行攻关,改进电力机车高压安全保护装置,增设高压接地保护设施,杜绝了电力机车高压触电事故发生,取得较好效果.     

安全工程专业实验课程体系设置研究

以中国劳动关系学院安全工程专业为例,探讨其实验课程体系设置问题,认为实验课分为基础实验课、专业基础实验课、特色实验课3部分。笔者分别论述各部分课程的内容、学时以及不同年级学时分配情况;强调专业实验课程的设置应依托安全工程专业的培养计划,在保证基础实验课的基础上,根据学校的实际情况开设体现学科优势的特色实验课;优化实验课程体系,增加综合性设计性实验比例,加强实验室管理,建立完善的实验室管理制度,为培养创新人才奠定基础。     

Describing and Mapping Human-Induced Vegetation Change in the Australian Landscape

Australian reporting requirements for native vegetation require improved spatial and temporal information on the anthropogenic effects on vegetation. This includes better linkage of information on vegetation type (e.g., native vegetation association), extent and change, vegetation condition, or modification. The Vegetation Assets, States and Transitions (VAST) framework is presented as a means for ordering vegetation by degree of anthropogenic modification as a series of condition states, from a residual or base-line condition through to total removal. The VAST framework facilitates mapping and accounting for change and trends in the status and condition of vegetation. The framework makes clear the links between land management and vegetation condition states, provides a mechanism for describing the consequences of land management practices on vegetation condition, and contributes to an understanding of resilience. VAST is a simple communication and reporting tool designed to assist in describing and accounting for anthropogenic modification of vegetation. A benchmark is identified for each vegetation association. Benchmarks are based on structure, composition, and current regenerative capacity. This article describes the application of the VAST framework as a consistent national framework to translate and compile existing mapped information on the modification of native vegetation. We discuss the correspondence between these compiled VAST datasets at national and regional scales and describe their relevance for natural resource policy and planning.     

导流参数与SUFR系统硝化及吸磷效果的灰熵分析

导流参数是螺旋升流式反应器系统(SUFR system)重要工艺参数.应用灰关联熵分析方法,分别以SUFR系统好氧区硝化以及吸磷效果为目标,研究导流参数对该系统好氧区影响的相关性以及重要性顺序.试验结果表明,各导流参数对硝化以及吸磷均有着明显的影响.对于硝化而言,导流参数对其影响的强弱顺序为:导流转速＞导流叶片的串联层数＞导流叶片的折角＞d/D;对于吸磷而言,导流参数对其影响的强弱顺序为:导流转速＞导流叶片的折角＞导流叶片的串联层数＞d/D.