油漆渣焚烧酸性气体的控制分析

焚烧法能快速去除工业危险废物中的有毒有害成分,但产生的酸性气体如不进行严格控制会引起较严重的二次污染。本文通过对油漆渣的焚烧处理,分别改变温度、过剩空气系数、转轴转速、进料率来调节焚烧炉的运行环境,研究单一工况条件的变化对酸性气体(主要是NOx、SO2)产生的影响,找出适合控制酸性气体(NOx、SO2)产生的最佳工况点。     

石灰和石灰石湿法脱硫系统运行控制指标探讨

钙基脱硫剂湿式脱硫系统是目前市场上广泛采用的烟气脱硫系统。文章分析了石灰和石灰石自身不同的物理化学特性对湿法脱硫系统运行控制指标的影响,得出了对于采用石灰和石灰石作为脱硫剂的湿式脱硫系统的最佳pH为8．0和5．8～6．2,脱硫浆液流量与烟气流量之比为10．0和5．6,钙硫比(化学过量比)为1．05～1．15和1．25～1．60。     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌的培养条件研究

从活性污泥中分离筛选到1株高效絮凝剂产生菌E 9,初步鉴定其为大肠杆菌。首次发现大肠杆菌能产生微生物絮凝剂。该菌产生絮凝剂的适宜培养条件为:乙醇为碳源,大豆粉为氮源,初始pH值为6. 5~7 .2、温度为30℃。絮凝实验结果表明,该菌产絮凝剂对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率可达97% ~99. 5%,而絮凝剂投加量仅为通用发酵培养基的1 /15,絮凝效果优于聚丙烯酰胺等常用絮凝剂。     

严格依法管理污染物排放标准

本文提出了当前污染物排放标准工作中存在的问题,论述了规范污染物排放标准管理的严肃性和重要性。     

利用现代化管理手段,实施系统安全工程——记秦沈客运专线安全管理的实践

秦沈客运专线是我国内地第一条速度达到 2 0 0km/h的新建客运专线铁路。在技术上超越了我国现有铁路技术水平 ,因此 ,该专线的修建和管理是最具创新意义的项目 ,因此 ,在进行组织设计和施工中 ,充分利用现代化科学管理手段 ,努力实现系统安全工程。本文介绍了项目建设管理目标模式 ,讨论了安全管理过程中正确处理好的各方面关系 ,以及质量控制管理等内容     

适应信息化发展要求,努力实现PPE标准制修订科学化和正规化管理——PPE标准化技术委员会标准全程控制系统介绍

PPE标准化技术委员会标准全程控制系统是基于互联网的PPE信息管理系统平台。该系统采用便捷的B/S架构,利用先进的计算机信息技术,将标准制修订的全过程集成到一个系统中,使标准的制修订流程实现了全程自动化管理,极大地方便了标准制修订各个环节的工作,提高了PPE标准化工作的管理水平,促进了整个行业信息化的发展,确保了国家标准计划按期高水平的完成。     

Root studies on grass species in a semi-arid South Africa along a degradation gradient

Understanding changes in hydrological characteristics of rangeland ecosystems with degradation is essential when making rangeland management decisions in arid and semi-arid areas to ensure sustainable animal production. The impact of rangeland degradation on root production, root/shoot ratio and water-use efficiency was therefore determined for a semi-arid rangeland, over a 7-year period (1999/00 to 2005/06 growing seasons).Water-use efficiency (WUE) is defined as the quantity of above- and/or belowground phytomass produced over a certain period of time per unit of water evapotranspired. Sampling was from rangeland artificially maintained in three different rangeland conditions, viz. good, moderate and poor.As much as 86, 89 and 94% of the roots for rangelands in good, moderate and poor conditions, respectively, occurred at a depth of less than 300 mm. Root mass was strongly seasonal with the most active growth taking place during March and April. Root mass appears to be greater than aboveground phytomass for this semi-arid area, with an increase in roots in relation to aboveground phytomass production with rangeland degradation. The mean monthly root/shoot ratios for rangelands in good, moderate and poor conditions were 1.16, 1.11 and 1.37, respectively. Rangeland degradation significantly lowered above- and belowground phytomass production as well as the water-use efficiency. The mean WUE (root production included) were 4.79, 3.54 and 2.47 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹ for rangelands in good, moderate and poor conditions, respectively. These water-use efficiency observations are among the few also including root production in its calculation. As a proportion of annual phytomass, litter fall of 7.17, 4.64 and 3.41% was obtained for rangelands in good, moderate and poor conditions, respectively. Increasing rangeland degradation increased the replacement of total root system by about 10 months and decomposition time of litter by 6 months.The importance of a well-established root system for sustainable production in the semi-arid rangelands cannot be overemphasized.     

Parallel and Serial Methods of Calculating Thermal Insulation in European Manikin Standards

Abstract

Standard No. EN 15831:2004 provides 2 methods of calculating insulation: parallel and serial. The parallel method is similar to the global one defined in Standard No. ISO 9920:2007. Standards No. EN 342:2004, EN 14058:2004 and EN 13537:2002 refer to the methods defined in Standard No. EN ISO 15831:2004 for testing cold protective clothing or equipment. However, it is necessary to consider several issues, e.g., referring to measuring human subjects, when using the serial method. With one zone, there is no serial-parallel issue as the results are the same, while more zones increase the difference in insulation value between the methods. If insulation is evenly distributed, differences between the serial and parallel method are relatively small and proportional. However, with more insulation layers overlapping in heavy cold protective ensembles, the serial method produces higher insulation values than the parallel one and human studies. Therefore, the parallel method is recommended for standard testing.     

A Contribution to the Study of the Antidust Respirators’ Real Performance

In most industrial enterprises, hazardous factors are present in quantities exceeding permissible levels. Such a situation requires using antidust respiratory protection. It has been suggested, however, that filters for respirators are not assessed properly and that lab results might not be related to real filtering efficiency in industry. This article contains test results of some commercially available filtering half-masks, including the effect of loading with real dust, high humidity, high temperature, and a combination of loading with dust and high humidity on the half-masks’ performance. The results show that the effect of these factors is considerable and that a combination of loading with silica dust and exposing to high humidity can cause a complete loss of performance.     

国家标准GB/T23469-2009《坠落防护 连接器》解读

国家标准GB/T 24569-2009《坠落防护连接器》规定了连接器的一般要求、技术性能、测试方法及标识。本文从标准适用范围、连接器分类、一般要求、技术性能等方面对该标准进行了解读,并结合我国连接器近些年的发展现状简述了标准对行业的推动作用,以加深相关方对该标准的理解和重视,促进其在连接器生产及检测方面的指导作用。