Loss Rates from Lake Powell and Their Impact on Management of the Colorado River

As demand for water in the southwestern United States increases and climate change potentially decreases the natural flows in the Colorado River system, there will be increased need to optimize the water supply. Lake Powell is a large reservoir with potentially high loss rates to bank storage and evaporation. Bank storage is estimated as a residual in the reservoir water balance. Estimates of local inflow contribute uncertainty to estimates of bank storage. Regression analyses of local inflow with gaged tributaries have improved the estimate of local inflow. Using a stochastic estimate of local inflow based on the standard error of the regression estimator and of gross evaporation based on observed variability at Lake Mead, a reservoir water balance was used to estimate that more than 14.8 billion cubic meters (Gm³) has been stored in the banks, with a 90% probability that the value is actually between 11.8 and 18.5 Gm³. Groundwater models developed by others, observed groundwater levels, and simple transmissivity calculations confirm these bank storage estimates. Assuming a constant bank storage fraction for simulations of the future may cause managers to underestimate the actual losses from the reservoir. Updated management regimes which account more accurately for bank storage and evaporation could save water that will otherwise be lost to the banks or evaporation.     

Fatty Acids as Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for Thermal Energy Storage: A Review

Abstract

Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies in general and phase change materials (PCMs) in particular, have been topic in research for the last 20 years. Traditionally, available heat has been stored in the form of sensible heat (typically by raising temperature of water, rocks, etc). Latent heat storage on the other hand, is a novel and developing technology, which has found considerable interest due to its operational advantages of smaller temperature swing, smaller size, and lower weight per unit of storage capacity. The interest on thermal energy storage by using fatty acids as PCM has risen in recent times since they have desired thermodynamic and kinetic criteria for low temperature latent heat storage. An added advantage is that fatty acids are derived from the vegetable and animals oil that provides an assurance of continuous supply. This article will review the development of fatty acids as PCMs for solar thermal energy storage application.     

基于退化量分布与退化轨迹的两种加速退化数据贮存寿命评估方法对比

首先陈述了加速退化数据的两种评估方法,对比两种评估方法的主要过程和适用范围.结合同一个试验数据,用两种方法分别进行处理,对比分析两种方法的评估结果.     

钢制储罐底部边缘板外侧的腐蚀与防护

对大型钢制储罐罐底边缘板的腐蚀机理及特点进行了分析,介绍了采用罐底专用密封胶 玻璃布复配修补技术的施工过程及效果.     

一起焦硫酸贮罐爆炸的技术分析

某焊工在对一焦硫酸贮罐施焊时 ,发生了爆炸事故 ,本文对这一事故进行了分析 ,并提出了预防措施。     

大型LNG储罐泄漏事故后果评估

对LNG储罐泄漏事故进行危险分析,选用PHAST软件计算模型,针对LNG储罐不同事故类型选取最大设想事故进行假设模拟,确定了不同条件下LNG储罐泄漏事故的安全距离;对结果进行分析,得出的结论对LNG储罐的安全管理和事故预防提供了一定的参考。     

应用环境应力分类的加速贮存退化试验评估方法

目的解决加速试验在估计产品贮存寿命中误差较大、未考虑结合实际贮存中的退化信息等问题。方法基于加速退化试验中广泛接受的基本假设,并将其应用到实际贮存中,把加速试验与实际贮存中的信息综合起来进行处理。结果得出了一种使用实际贮存信息修正试验预计结果、估计剩余寿命的方法。结论应用该方法在贮存过程中只需对少量性能参数进行测量,即可估计产品的剩余寿命。     

纯苯储罐腐蚀状况分析与预防对策

针对苯储罐外壁局部腐蚀严重和储罐内壁自上而下逐渐严重的均匀腐蚀现象,结合实际,对储罐内、外壁的腐蚀机理及影响因素进行了分析,指出了引起罐壁内、外腐蚀的主要原因,提出了加强储罐定期检查,减缓罐壁腐蚀等措施。     

3号喷气燃料加速老化实验中性能指标变化趋势研究

目的研究作为导弹用涡轮发动机贮存寿命薄弱环节之一的油封燃料的贮存稳定性。方法借鉴国外燃料加速老化试验方法,开展不同状态燃料的加速老化实验。结果掌握了3号喷气燃料加速老化实验中性能指标变化趋势,评价了不同状态的3号喷气燃料的贮存稳定性。结论脱水脱氧喷气燃料的贮存稳定性优于普通喷气燃料,贮存16年后变质仍程度较低。