基于中部崛起背景旅游景区发展战略研究

中国中部地区是中华民族多元文明的核心。适时推出中部崛起战略,是国家整体利益驱动的必然。在中部崛起整体战略下,作为旅游业发展之依托的旅游景区的发展状况和战略至关重要。通过对中部地区旅游景区统计资料整理和文献综述分析,比照东西部地区,分别从旅游景区数量、质量等级、接待能力和水平、经营管理状况、空间分布特征、景区类型等方面比较分析,得出结论：1A 4A级景区质量等级分布均衡,但总体占有率低;接待游客总量居中,但接待入境游客少;接待收入和利润总额高,但人均创利和营业利润率低;地区分布不均衡,景区类型上以自然山水和文物古迹观光为主,娱乐型、度假型景区开发较少。据此,推出了景区升级与扩增、文化品牌、区域分工协作、整体营销发展战略.     

Environmental, cultural, economic and socio-community sustainability: a framework for sustainable tourism in resort destinations

This paper utilizes an inclusive community based sustainability framework with a focus on a resort destination in providing a potential model for more inclusive long-range destination planning and implementation. Four diverse, but interrelated areas of sustainable tourism were specified in this framework for a more comprehensive process including ecological, cultural, economic and socio-community sustainability. In addition a strategic community driven structure, which provides direction, information and practices, serves the purpose of integrating and implementing the framework. The unique tourism destination, Noosa in Australia is used as an example of embracing sustainable tourism as a community and as part of a larger focus on the four key components of sustainability. By viewing sustainable community attributes as assets, all of which are important to manage, enhance and/or conserve, it is expected that the resort community will continue to attract visitors to feel connected and committed to experiencing its lifestyle, sense-of-community and natural features while also contributing to community sustainable stewardship and a strong tourism economy. Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. Dr. Richins is Chair of the Graduate Program within the School of Travel Industry Management at University of Hawaii. He holds a Ph.D. from James Cook University in Australia and a B.S. and M.S. from University of Oregon. Previously he held leadership positions for over 15 years in Australian and New Zealand including Waikato University, University of Newcastle and University of the Sunshine Coast. He was also Chair of the Resort Management program at Sierra Nevada College in Nevada.     

A bioeconomic model of afforestation in Southern Ontario: Integration of fiber,carbon and municipal biosolids values

This study explores the economic attractiveness of afforestation as a strategy for the joint production of fibre, carbon storage and biosolids (treated municipal sewage sludge) disposal for municipalities in Southern and Central Ontario, Canada. We use a spatial, stochastic model, the Canadian Forest Service Afforestation Feasibility Model (CFS-AFM), to simulate a range of spatial biosolids application scenarios in hybrid poplar afforestation projects. Results suggest that such joint afforestation strategies could be financially attractive. Significant cost savings can be expected through decreases in transportation distances and avoided waste disposal fees. Sensitivity analysis is used to examine the effects of variations in critical model parameters on net present values. Our findings indicate that waste disposal savings from application of biosolids on hybrid poplar plantations combined with incentives for landowners to sequester carbon can easily compete with agricultural land rental values in some regions of Ontario. Social acceptance of this kind of activity, however, may be an impediment to adoption.     

北京市燃煤的空气质量影响及其控制研究

建立了2005年北京市燃煤污染源排放清单,利用MM5-CMAQ模型计算了各区县各行业燃煤对北京市空气质量的影响。研究表明,2005年1月北京市燃煤源对各监测站点SO_2浓度的贡献在70%以上,对PM_(10)和NO_x浓度的贡献约为20%～40%和10%～30%;7月本地燃煤源对SO_2浓度的贡献在40%～50%左右。1月采暖锅炉对空气质量影响最大,占50%～70%;7月电厂的影响最大。依据北京市奥运空气质量保障方案以及"十一五"期间能源规划,建立了2010年燃煤污染源大气排放的规划情景,并模拟了各规划措施对大气质量的改善效果。通过实施电厂脱硫脱硝除尘、炼焦工业停产、钢铁行业和水泥行业搬迁减产、供热锅炉改造、平房用煤改造等措施,与2005年相比,SO_2平均浓度下降30%左右,NO_x和PM_(10)浓度的下降幅度15%。     

区域旅游资源开发战略理论阐释

旅游资源开发战略是旅游资源开发总思路、总方针的高度凝练和体现,与当地旅游资源状况的相适应情况直接关系到区域旅游的发展状况。就常用的区域旅游资源开发战略进行理论阐述,以期深化理解旅游资源开发主要战略的思想内涵,对旅游规划的制定、旅游资源开发实践活动的开展和区域旅游发展的科学决策有所启示和帮助。     

金融危机背景下江苏省旅游市场开发策略研究

2008年金融危机给全球旅游业带来很大的负面影响,影响到消费者的可支配收入、闲暇时间和消费能力.以江苏省为例,通过问卷调查和数理统计方法分析了金融危机对江苏省国内旅游市场和国际旅游市场的影响,提出了在金融危机背景下江苏省国内和国际旅游市场发展策略:江苏省应长期发放旅游消费券和实行国民休闲计划发展国内旅游市场,利用上海世博会和上海迪斯尼项目来大力发展国际旅游市场.     

高寒草甸藏嵩草种群繁殖对策的研究

对高寒草甸藏嵩草（Kobresia tibetica)种群的繁殖对策进行了初步研究。结果表明,藏嵩草属寒冷中生密丛短根茎地下芽植物,在高寒生境中采用了以营养繁殖为主,有性繁殖为辅的繁殖策略,具体体现在以几个方面：藏嵩草种子产量nA=200.1m^-2,但种子萌发率较低,室内和野外萌发率分别仅有4％和2％,经氢氧化钠溶液和赤霉素溶液处理后的种子萌发率分别为1％和6．7％,而剥去种皮后种子萌发率达47．3％,所以种皮坚硬是造成种子萌发率低的主要原因;进入种子库、保留至返青期且具有活性的种子仅占种子总数的31．49％,单位面积上理论实生苗数仅为1．26m^-2,与此相反,藏嵩草营养繁殖所形成的新个体数为101．32m^2,,远远多于种子萌发所形成的实生苗数,此外,藏嵩草营养繁殖效力也远高于有性繁殖效4力。营养繁殖效力占总数繁殖效力的83．46％（167）。表1参7     

土壤中氧化亚氮的产生及减少排放量的措施

氧化亚氮（N2O）是大气中的一种痕量气体,也是一种重要的温室效应气体,还可使臭氧层遭到破坏。大气中N2O浓度呈不断上升趋势,其上升与人类活动关系极大,对环境的潜在破坏性也愈加严重。土壤是N2O的重要产生源,土壤中的硝化作用和反硝化作用是N2O的主要生成过程。过量施用氮肥、含氮有机物燃烧、毁林开荒等人类活动对N2O释放增加的影响不容忽视。人类应采取各项可行的措施来减少N2O的释放量如提高氮肥利用效率,减少生物体燃烧,退耕还林和保护森林资源等。     

湖南省境内长江中上游防护林体系建设第一期工程的进展

长江中上游防护林建设第一期工程1990年在湖南省境内启动实施以来,先后在全省33个县(市、区)开展了工作,共完成投资22 284.8万元,重点造林工程项目主要采取人工植苗造林、低效林改造、封山育林和幼林抚育等 4种方式,在整个长江防护林建设工程过程中始终坚持良种壮苗技术的推广和造林树种选择及其造林技术的研究。长江防护林建设重点工程占43.84%,一般营造林占56.16%;该建设工程获得的生态效益总计达到51 980.87万元,直接经济效益共计706 283.63万元,为社会提供了43.6万个劳动力一年就业岗位,文末还指出了该建设工程中存在的5个方面问题及3项对策。     

基于SWOT分析的我国环境统计持证上岗制度发展对策

我国环境统计数据质量不高、质量保障体系缺乏、数据综合分析不足等问题都与环境统计人才队伍的规模、稳定性和综合素质密切相关。文章从环境统计持证上岗制度内部条件的规范化管理,到外部环境制度的推行等方面进行了SWOT分析。制定了以加强环境统计岗位管理、设置获取证书的缓冲期限、建立激励配套机制和完善培训考核机制4条途径为核心的环境统计持证上岗制度综合发展策略,对提高环境统计人员的综合素质,实现环境统计体系的制度化和规范化均具有良好的促进作用。