稳定型含氯消毒剂的稳定性及消毒效果研究

用传统含氯消毒剂与一种磺酸基化合物络合，形成氯稳定体系的水溶液。对该消毒剂在6个月内的有效氟、pH值、氧化还原电位的监测结果表明：其稳定性相当好，pH基本保持不变，有效氯及氧化还原电位的变化率分别为0.51％与9.47％。定量消毒试验结果表明，稳定型含氟消毒剂的消毒能力强，其消毒能力仅略低于二氟异氰尿酸钠等含氯消毒剂，存放6个月后，对表皮葡萄球菌的杀灭率无明显变化。对加5％牛血清白蛋白的表皮葡萄球菌20min的杀灭率无变化。这种稳定型的含氯消毒剂将具有广阔的应用前景。     

国有重点煤矿企业安全科技人才现状研究

依据对我国国有重点煤矿企业抽样调查的结果,着重对国有重点煤矿企业安全科技人才的总量、密度、结构、流失等进行了系统的分析,并与美国煤炭行业的人才状况进行了比较分析。笔者在此基础上,给出了国有重点煤矿企业安全科技人才现状的基本评价,国有重点煤矿企业安全科技人才断层已经出现,安全科技人才总量严重不足,人才的问题已经开始制约煤炭行业的发展,尤其是严重制约着煤炭行业建立安全生产长效机制;对进一步加强和优化国有重点煤矿企业安全科技人才队伍建设提供了可靠的依据,具有重要指导意义。     

Micro calorimeter study on the thermal stability of lithium-ion battery electrolytes

With the extensive applications of lithium-ion batteries, many batteries explosion accidents were reported. The thermal stability of lithium-ion battery electrolyte could substantially affect the safety of lithium-ion battery. The C80 micro calorimeter was used to study the thermal stability of several commonly used organic solvents and electrolytes. The samples were heated in argon atmosphere and air atmosphere, respectively. The chemical reaction kinetics was supposed to fit by an Arrhenius law, then the self-accelerating decomposition temperature was calculated. It is found that most of the samples are stable in argon atmosphere while decomposing in air atmosphere, and the single organic solvent is more stable than the electrolyte generally.     

高速公路小煤窑采空区路基综合勘察与评价

采空区是公路建设中一种特殊的地质病害，特别是小煤窑采空区，由于无规划、无序、反复地开挖，故小煤窑采空区勘察与评价有较多不确定性。在公路工程地质勘察中采用综合勘察方法，查明采空区分布范围并评价其对公路工程危害程度及稳定性，对高速公路建设非常重要。本文结合安徽省铜陵至汤口高速公路具体工程实例，探讨小煤窑采空区综合勘察与评价。     

火灾环境下具有弹性支座钢构件的稳定性能

根据弹性稳定理论原理研究了具有弹性支座钢结构构件在火灾环境下的静力特性问题 ,导出了高温下钢构件的静力稳定临界荷载和长度计算式 ,并讨论了温度、杆件的侧向弹簧刚度、杆长、保护层厚度等因素对杆件静力稳定临界荷载和长度的影响 ,分析表明 ,杆件的侧向弹簧刚度、杆长、保护层厚度对杆件的稳定承载力影响较大 ,并探讨了在实际工程中如何减小结构失稳的问题。     

Soybean-Oil-Based Polyisocyanurate Rigid Foams

Polyisocyanurate foams were prepared from polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), soy polyol and polypropylene oxide polyol by varying isocyanate index from 110 to 350. The higher isocyanate index produced polyisocyanurate foams with higher thermal stability, improved flame resistance, tensile strength, higher modulus, and higher glass transition. Soy-based foams displayed better thermal stability, lower flammability, higher rigidity (modulus) and higher compression strength than those based on the propylene oxide polyols of the same molecular weight and functionality.     

弃土场边坡稳定性和可靠性的多工况对比分析

弃土场堆积体的物理力学性质是影响弃土场边坡稳定性的关键因素.由于弃土场边坡的特殊性,其坡体物理力学指标存在明显的变异性.基于可靠性理论,考虑关键指标的不确定性,将其作为随机变量,一定程度上可克服传统边坡稳定性分析中关键参数取值难以把握的缺陷.以贵州山区平罗高速公路某弃土场边坡为例,采用Spencer法、Morgenst...     

燃烧、爆炸过程复杂性行为的非线性动力学—突变燃烧学、突变爆炸学(Ⅱ)(上)

针对燃烧,爆炸学中存在的大量非连续性现象,提出了突变燃烧学和突变爆炸学的概念,指出了突变燃烧学和突变爆炸学的基本任务和主要研究内容。提出了单颗碳粒着火和熄火现象的突变机理。     

区域资源开发的系统转换理论

作者在分析资源与资源功能的基础上,以区际资源功能互补转换和区内资源结构对应转换为主题,论述了有关“区域资源开发的系统转换理论”的新思想。     

EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION ON CHANNEL INSTABILITY1

ABSTRACT: Channel instability and aquatic ecosystem degradation have been linked to watershed imperviousness in humid regions of the U.S. In an effort to provide a more process‐based linkage between observed thresholds of aquatic ecosystem degradation and urbanization, standard single event approaches (U.S. Geological Survey Flood Regression Equations and rational) and continuous hydrologic models (HSPF and CASC2D) were used to examine potential changes in flow regime associated with varying levels of watershed imperviousness. The predicted changes in flow parameters were then interpreted in concert with risk‐based models of channel form and instability. Although low levels of imperviousness (10 to 20 percent) clearly have the potential to destabilize streams, changes in discharge, and thus stream power, associated with increased impervious area are highly variable and dependent upon watershed‐specific conditions. In addition to the storage characteristics of the pre‐development watershed, the magnitude of change is sensitive to the connectivity and conveyance of impervious areas as well as the specific characteristics of the receiving channels. Different stream types are likely to exhibit varying degrees and types of instability, depending on entrenchment, relative erodibility of bed and banks, riparian condition, mode of sediment transport (bedload versus suspended load), and proximity to geomorphic thresholds. Nonetheless, simple risk‐based analyses of the potential impacts of land use change on aquatic ecosystems have the potential to redirect and improve the effectiveness of watershed management strategies by facilitating the identification of channels that may be most sensitive to changes in stream power.