气相色谱-质谱法测定废酸油渣中的16种多环芳烃

建立了废酸油渣中16种多环芳烃超声萃取、Florisil萃取柱净化、气相色谱-质谱测定的方法.笔者对提取方式、提取剂类型和体积、提取时间和次数、净化方式等进行研究,采用无水硫酸钠分散,二氯甲烷作为提取剂超声40 min,提取液经纯水清洗、离心后取适量有机相经过3 g Florisil萃取柱净化,采用气相色谱-质谱选择离...     

中空纤维膜脱气工艺处理给水的试验研究

研究了中空纤维膜脱气工艺,测定了在不同的液相流速、流量下,膜的氧传质系数、脱氧脱二氧化碳的效率变化以及膜管的放置方式对脱气效率的影响。     

Adsorption thermodynamics and kinetic investigation of aromatic amphoteric compounds onto different polymeric adsorbents

The adsorption behavior of p-aminobenzoic acid and o-aminobenzoic acid onto the different polymeric adsorbents was systematically investigated as a function of the solution concentration and temperature.Experimental results indicated that the equilibrium adsorption data of the four polymeric adsorbents fitted well in the Freundlich isotherm.The adsorption capacity of multi-functional polymeric adsorbent NJ-99 was the highest,which might be attributed to the strong hydrogen-bonding interaction between the amino groups on the resin and the carboxyl group of aminobenzoic acid.The adsorption capacity of o-aminobenzoic acid onto any adsorbent was higher than p-aminobenzoic acid.Thermodynamic studies suggested the exothermic,spontaneous physical adsorption process.Adsorption kinetics results showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the intraparticle mass transfer process was the rate-controlling step.     

Improvement of the antifouling characteristics in a bioreactor of polypropylene microporous membrane by the adsorption of Tween 20

Surface modification by physical adsorption of Tween 20 was accomplished on polypropylene microporous membranes (PPMMs). Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the chemical and morphological changes on the membrane surfaces. Water contact angles and relative pure water fluxes were measured. The data showed that the hydrophilic performance for the modified membranes increased with the increase in the adsorption amount of Tween 20 onto the surface or into the pores of polypropylene microporous membranes. To test the antifouling property of the membranes by the adsorption of Tween 20 in a membrane bioreactor (MBR), filtration for active sludge was performed using synthetic wastewater. With the help of the data of water fluxes and the FE-SEM photos of the modified PPMMs before or after operating in a MBR for about 12 d, the PPMMs with monolayer adsorption of Tween 20 showed higher remained flux and stronger antifouling ability than unmodified membrane and other modification membranes studied.     

Sludge concentration dynamic distribution and its impact on the performance of UNITANK

UNITANK is a biological wastewater treatment process that combines the advantages of traditional activated sludge process and sequencing batch reactor, which is divided into Tank A, B and C. In this study, the sludge distribution and its impact on performance of UNITANK were carried out in Liede Wastewater Plant （WWTP） of Guangzhou, China. Results showed that there was a strong affiliation between Tank A and B of the system in sludge concentration distribution. The initial sludge concentration in Tank A could present the sludge distribution of the whole system. The sludge distribution was mainly influenced by hydraulic condition. Unsteady sludge distribution had an impact on variations of substrates in reactors, especially in decisive reactor, and this could lead to failure of system. Settler could partially remove substrates such as COD and NO3-N, but there was adventure of sludge deterioration. The rational initial sludge concentration in Tank A should be 4000-6000 mg/L MLSS.     

Transformations of particles, metal elements and natural organic matter in different water treatment processes

Characterizing natural organic matter （NOM）, particles and elements in different water treatment processes can give a useful information to optimize water treatment operations. In this article, transformations of particles, metal elements and NOM in a pilot-scale water treatment plant were investigated by laser light granularity system, particle counter, glass-fiber membrane filtration, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, ultra filtration and resin absorbents fractionation. The results showed that particles, NOM and trihalomethane formation precursors were removed synergistically by sequential treatment of different processes. Preozonation markedly changed the polarity and molecular weight of NOM, and it could be conducive to the following coagulation process through destabilizing particles and colloids; mid-ozonation enhanced the subsequent granular activated carbon （GAC） filtration process by decreasing molecular weight of organic matters. Coagulation-flotation and GAC were more efficient in removing fixed suspended solids and larger particles; while sand-filtration was more efficient in removing volatile suspended solids and smaller particles. Flotation performed better than sedimentation in terms of particle and NOM removal. The type of coagulant could greatly affect the performance of coagulation-flotation. Pre-hydrolyzed composite coagulant （HPAC） was superior to FeCl3 concerning the removals of hydrophobic dissolved organic carbon and volatile suspended solids. The leakages of flocs from sand-filtration and microorganisms from GAC should be mitigated to ensure the reliability of the whole treatment system.     

Photocatalytic remediation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane contaminated soils using TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalyst

TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalysts were prepared and applied in degrading γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH)in soils.After being spiked with γ-HCH,soil samples loaded with the composite photocatalysts were exposed to UV-light irradiation.The results indicated that the photocatalytic activities of the composite photocatalysts varied with the content of TiO2 in the order of 10%＜70%＜50%＜30%.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of the composite photocatalysts with TiO2 content 30% was higher than that of the pure P25 with the same mass of TiO2.The strong adsorption capacity of the composite photocatalysts and quantum size effect may contribute to its increased photocatalytic activities.In addition,effect of dosage of composite photocatalysts and soil pH on γ-HCH photodegradation was investigated. Pentachlorocyclohexene,trichlorocyclohexene,and dichlorobenzene were detected as photodegradation intermediates,which were gradually degraded with tlle phOtOdegradation evolution.     

工业园区循环经济绩效评价方法研究

针对当前循环经济绩效内涵不明确,评价指标体系多局限于对循环经济发展水平等循环经济绩效评价中存在的问题,在系统归纳总结该领域研究现状基础上,明确了循环经济绩效的概念;进一步构建了基于生态效率-物质流分析的循环经济绩效评估指标体系,利用模糊数学和灰色聚类方法分别建立了循环经济绩效评估模型;最后,以上海化工园区和南通农药化学工业园为案例,对2个园区循环经济绩效进行评估。结果表明:从理论和方法上,构建的工业园区循环经济绩效评价指标体系是适用的;模糊综合评价和灰色聚类评价的结果存在一定的差异,模糊评价结果更为合理,而且该模型可以直观地表示出园区循环经济绩效的优劣势所在。进而,以上海化工园区作为标杆,针对南通农药化学工业园存在的资源效率偏低等问题,提出若干循环经济绩效改进措施。     

中国企业社会责任财务绩效评价模型研究

2003年,英国政府出台了<我们能源的未来-创建低碳经济>能源白皮书,其中首次引入了"低碳经济"的概念,随后越来越多的学者开始探讨这种经济发展模式及其技术和政策的可行性,并展开了一系列实证研究.而在这种新的经济发展趋势下,作为经济主体的企业所要承担的社会责任也就被赋予了新的内窖.那么在向低碳经济转型的过程中,如何对企业的社会责任进行客观、有效的评价将对于企业更好履行其社会责任起到重要作用.基于我国国情,本文通过对低碳经济发展模式下中国企业社会责任财务绩效进行模型研究,提出了在传统指标分析模型基础上进行数据包络分析(DEA)和可持续计量的双重模型修正,以期弥补传统财务绩效模型在企业有效投入分析和动态性评价方面的缺陷和不足.     

活性炭纤维复合材料的脱硫性能

本实验以粘胶基活性炭纤维和酚醛树脂复合,制备出了一种可用于烟气脱硫的活性炭纤维复合材料（ACFM）,考察了制备工艺条件对脱硫性能和比表面积的影响,测试其在填充床的压降。结果表明：粘结剂用量、炭化及活化条件对样品的脱硫性能和比表面积有较大的影响;与其他活性炭材料相比ACFM压降相对较低,只有活性炭纤维的1／20。