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421.
Ewa Beck-Krala Katarzyna Klimkiewicz 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2016,22(4):523-531
Occupational safety and health (OSH) plays a significant role in today’s organizations, because it helps in attracting and retaining employees as well as molding their attitudes and behaviors at work. This is why the issue of OSH is stressed in a comprehensive approach to employee rewards: the total reward concept. This article explains how OSH may be included in a complex evaluation process of the compensation system. Although the literature on the effectiveness of employee compensation refers mainly to financial and non-financial components, there is a need for inclusion of working conditions in such analyses. An evaluation of the compensation system that incorporates OSH can drive many benefits for both the organization and employees. Obtaining such benefits, however, requires systematic evaluation of the reward system, including OSH. Incorporation of OSH issue within the comprehensive analysis of compensation systems promotes responsible behavior of all stakeholders. 相似文献
422.
Nitrogen (N) loss in irrigated croplands from coupled nitrification and denitrification shows considerable differences due to differences in soil properties and agricultural management practices. Previous research has demonstrated that soil physicochemical properties strongly affect nitrification and denitrification capacities of cropland soils. However, existing research on soil nitrification and denitrification following the conversion of native desert soils to irrigated croplands lacks long-term tracking and monitoring capabilities. Therefore, six types of reclamation years of irrigated croplands and uncultivated sandy land in the Hexi Corridor marginal oasis in northwestern China were selected for study, and the differences in soil nitrification and denitrification rates and physicochemical properties were studied over 42 sites in the desert-oasis ecotone derived from seven reclamation sequences, including the years of 0, 15, 30, 50, 80, 100, and 150. The results showed that the nitrification and denitrification rates of soil first increased and then decreased with the increase in reclamation years. The highest soil nitrification rate and denitrification rate were observed at 80 years of cultivation (101.4 μg g-1 d-1) and 100 years of cultivation (0.93 μg g-1 d-1), respectively. In addition, the soil nitrification and denitrification rates in the natural sandy land were significantly lower than those in the cultivated croplands (P < 0.05). There were significant correlations among soil nutrients, soil moisture, and soil particle size composition between the nitrification and denitrification rates (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that environmental variables accounted for 69.7% and 75.7% of the variation in nitrification and denitrification rates, respectively. Among them, organic matter content, pH, soil moisture, and NH4+-N content were the key factors affecting the change in soil denitrification rate, while organic matter content, NO3--N, pH, and clay content were the key factors affecting the change in soil denitrification rate. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
423.
自回归模型在井水埋深预测中的应用及改进 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
用时间序列分析方法建立井水埋深的预测模型时,首先采用差分的方法把季节性时间序列变成平稳时间序列,在此基础上,再用动态数据系统方法的传统F检验定阶法进行分析。由于样本的随机性可能过早地退出对模型的循环检验,从而不能找到合适的预测模型。笔者在用自回归模型建立井水预测模型的基础上,采用了一种改进的建模方法,提高了预测精度,并用实例进行了验证。 相似文献
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非甲烷有机物(NMOCs)是大气光化学反应生成臭氧过程的主要前体物,填埋场作业面是其重要无组织释放源.为控制对流层臭氧污染,必须控制NMOCs浓度,而识别高臭氧生成贡献物质是前提.本研究采集填埋场作业面气体样品,分析其组分特征,并以等效丙烯浓度法和最大增量反应活性法计算其臭氧生成潜势.结果表明,填埋场作业面共检出符合检出频率与浓度条件的36种5大类物质,NMOCs年均总浓度约为10 000μg·m~(-3),夏季总浓度最高,各类物质浓度呈含氧化合物含硫化合物卤代烃苯系物碳氢化合物的规律;综合两种计算方法结果,全年范围内高臭氧生成贡献物质为乙醇、间二甲苯、丙烯、乙酸乙酯和正戊烷;春季与全年类似,夏秋两季高贡献物质为乙醇、1-丁烯、甲苯、环己烷和苯乙烯,冬季乙醇贡献极高.通过比较,等效丙烯浓度法更适合估算作业面臭氧生成潜势. 相似文献
429.
利用商用傅利叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)主机,与自动进样模块及标气模块集成,初步建立了一套可流程化、准确、高效分析大气CO2、CH4、CO和N2O的在线观测系统.测试结果表明,该商用FTIR主机具有良好的精度,但以仪器自带校正系数估算的结果绝对误差大,尤其CO的绝对误差可达38.8×10-9,无法满足在线观测要求.集成后的FTIR系统改用可溯源至国际标准的工作标气进行计算,有效降低了结果的绝对误差.动态及静态两种模式下各要素实测值与标称值的摩尔分数绝对误差为CO2≤0.11×10-6、CH4≤1.8×10-9、N2O≤0.15×10-9、CO≤0.5×10-9,能够满足大气在线观测需求.利用该FTIR集成系统进行6 d的模拟在线观测,采用动态流量模式(Flow)进样,每隔6 h穿插高、低浓度工作标气及目标气进样,用标气的标称值及系统更新的标气响应值计算样气及目标气结果.目标气CO2/CH4/N2O/CO的摩尔分数标准偏差分别为0.05×10-6、0.2×10-9、0.07×10-9、0.5×10-9,平均值与标称值之间的绝对误差分别为0.09×10-6、0.4×10-9、0.14×10-9、0.5×10-9. 相似文献
430.