国外应对雪灾的做法和经验这鉴

近年来,世界各地频频遭受反常气候的冲击。比如加拿大东部地区暴发洪灾,伊拉克首都巴格达下了百年一遇的大雪,阿富汗部分地区的积雪厚度甚至超过了200厘米。记得2008年新年伊始,我国遭受了50年一遇的雪灾,造成了直接经济损失1600多亿元。     

水利部：加强东部地区重点小型病险水库除险加固工作

日前,水利部召开东部地区重点小型病险水库除险加固工作座谈会,水利部副部长、部病险水库除险加固工作领导小组组长矫勇强调,要以科学发展观为指导,进一步提高认识,精心组织,扎实工作,以高度的责任感和使命感,加快病险水库除险加固工程建设步伐,确保按期完成病险水库除险加固三年目标任务。     

城市的新高度与消防的新挑战——记上海消防30年

1978,中华民族命运发生转折的元年,在这一年,我们伟大的祖国向着伟大复兴的梦想重新出发.一转眼,这一场新的长征已经走过了30年.     

农民工死亡悲剧为何不断重演?

农民工——这是一个游走于城市生活边缘的庞大群体。他们背井离乡,在城市中为了生计奔波,城市的每处钢筋混凝土建筑里,都凝结着他们的汗水。     

地铁中的安全也重要

随着我国城市化进程的飞速发展,新一轮地铁建设热潮正在全国各大中城市兴起,目前准备建设和在建的城市有福州、武汉、成都、西安、杭州、沈阳、郑州等,它为促进城市经济和社会的快速发展起到了重要作用.     

环保动态

广东 广东省上半年城市空气质量良好;广东污水处理能力今年猛增18%;去年7市节能降耗不达标;华南美国商会对外公布下半年经贸投资推广计划;2007中国可持续发展论坛年底在广州召开……     

Modeling of air quality with a modified two-dimensional Eulerian model： A case study in the Pearl River Delta （PRD） region of China

A modified two-dimensional Eulerian air quality model was used to simulate both the gaseous and particulate pollutant concentrations during October 21-24, 2004 in the Pearl River Delta （PRD） region, China. The most significant improvement to the model is the added capability to predict the secondary organic aerosols （SOA） concentrations because of the inclusion of the SOA formation chemistry. The meteorological input data were prepared using the CALMET meteorological model. The concentrations of aerosol-bound species such as NO3^-, NH4^＋, SO4^2-, and SOA were calculated in the fine particle size range （〈2.5 μm）. The results of the two-dimensional model were compared to the measurements at the ground level during the PRD Intensive Monitoring Campaign （IMC）. Overall, there were good agreements between the measured and modeled concentrations of inorganic aerosol components and O3. Both the measured and the modeled results indicated that the maximum hourly O3 concentrations exceeded the China National Air Quality Standard. The predicted 24-h average SOA concentrations were in reasonable agreement with those predicted by the method of minimum OC/EC ratio.     

Organic matter and concentrated nitrogen removal by shortcut nitrification and denitrification from mature municipal landfill leachate

An UASB＋Anoxic/Oxic （A/O） system was introduced to treat a mature landfill leachate with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and high ammonia concentration. To make the best use of the biodegradable COD in the leaehate, the denitrifieation of NOx^--N in the reeireulation effluent from the elarifier was carried out in the UASB. The results showed that most biodegradable organic matters were removed by the denitrifieation in the UASB. The NH4^＋-N loading rate （ALR） of A/O reactor and operational temperature was 0.28- 0.60 kg NH4^＋-N/（m^3-d） and 17-29℃ during experimental period, respectively. The short-cut nitrification with nitrite accumulation efficiency of 90%-99% was stabilized during the whole experiment. The NH4^＋-N removal efficiency varied between 90% and 100%. When ALR was less than 0.45 kg NH4^＋-N/（m^3.d）, the NH4^＋-N removal efficiency was more than 98%. With the influent NH4^＋-N of 1200-1800 mg/L, the effluent NH4^＋-N was less than 15 mg/L. The shortcut nitrification and denitrifieation can save 40% carbon source, with a highly efficient denitrifieation taking place in the UASB. When the ratio of the feed COD to feed NH4^＋-N was only 2-3, the total inorganic nitrogen （TIN） removal efficiency attained 67%-80%. Besides, the sludge samples from A/O reactor were analyzed using FISH. The FISH analysis revealed that ammonia oxidation bacteria （AOB） accounted for 4% of the total eubaeterial population, whereas nitrite oxidation bacteria （NOB） accounted only for 0.2% of the total eubaeterial population.     

郴州市秋冬季PM2.5污染传输路径与潜在源贡献分析

通过应用HYSPLIT、MeteoInfo模型,计算2017—2021年秋冬季抵达郴州地区72 h的后向气流轨迹并进行轨迹聚类、潜在源贡献因子（PSCF）和浓度权重轨迹（CWT）分析,探讨郴州市PM2.5传输特征及污染潜在源分布。结果表明,郴州市秋冬季PM2.5潜在源区主要分布在北偏东方向,以近距离输送为主,频率最高的是从咸宁市通城县经岳阳市平江县、株洲地区的短距离轨迹,其频率为34.17%;WPSCF高值带起源于河南省,经湖北、平江、江西等地区,最终到达郴州。WCWT分析结果得出,PM2.5污染趋势与上述一致,影响范围更宽,影响程度相对较轻。2017—2021年间,郴州地区污染传输通道影响逐年减小,PM2.5浓度平均下降19.7%。     

基于遥感和地理信息系统的内蒙古呼日查干淖尔地区生态脆弱性评价

随着全球气候变化和人类活动干扰,各地区的生态脆弱性日益显著.综合自然条件和人为干扰对内蒙古呼日查干淖尔地区生态脆弱性的影响,选取地形、植被、土壤、气象和土地利用等8个指标,基于遥感(RS)和地理信息(GIS)技术,运用层次分析法、熵权法和综合指数法构建生态脆弱性评价模型,对该区域2010年和2017年的生态脆弱性状况进...