《环境工程》投稿指南

<正>一、征稿内容1.工业、厂矿和民用领域产生的废气、废水、固体废弃物等的防治和综合利用新技术。2.污染防治创新性改进的工艺、设备、方法、材料以及运行管理经验。3.各行业节能减排和清洁生产技术。4.受污染场地的修复技术。5.环境质量、污染物监测技术和环境评价领域的创新技术和经验。二、稿件具体要求     

危险废物填埋场营运前初期地下水质评价

对某刚投入运营的危险废物填埋场的地下水和渗滤液进行采样分析,选取14个污染指标作为评价因子,以《地下水质量标准》中推荐的方法和改进综合评价法对水质进行评价,并分析了水质成因。结果表明,研究区地下水氨氮超标,主要受临近鱼塘和养猪场的排泄物影响。渗滤液挥发酚超标,与初期填埋废物成分相关。地下水样中氨氮浓度高于渗滤液,说明填埋场投入前初期附近地下水补充源氨氮指标贡献值高于渗滤液入渗。14项评价因子监测数据表明,渗滤液对填埋场地下水收集系统水质量的影响不明显,总体水质较好。由于改进综合评价法同时考虑了污染最大值和最大与次大权重单项因子,其得出的地下水质评价结果能更客观地反映评价区地下水的实际质量状况。     

高空气象和地形数据对ADMS模型预测结果的影响

以某钢铁厂烧结单元SO2评价因子为例,对比分析ADMS模型在高空气象、地形数据等不同取值条件下的预测结果。结果表明:高空气象数据和地形数据对区域网格点最大预测值均有一定影响,复杂地形对预测结果的影响很大,且影响大于高空气象的影响;高空气象数据和地形数据对敏感点预测结果均有一定影响,但变化规律不明显,敏感点预测值有增加和降低两种趋势。     

基于神经网络的生化池能耗预测模型研究

我国城市污水处理的能耗处于较高水平,直接能耗中电耗占60%~90%。为了合理利用电能,以A/O工艺为基础,选取BP神经网络建立能耗预测模型,由入水信息对溶解氧进行预测,为污水处理过程中曝气量的及时调度、有效利用能量提供可靠的决策依据。     

Evaluation of accuracy of linear regression models in predicting urban stormwater discharge characteristics

Stormwater runoff has been identified as a source of pollution for the environment, especially for receiving waters. In order to quantify and manage the impacts of stormwater runoff on the environment, predictive models and mathematical models have been developed. Predictive tools such as regression models have been widely used to predict stormwater discharge characteristics. Storm event characteristics, such as antecedent dry days （ADD）, have been related to response variables, such as pollutant loads and concentrations. However it has been a controversial issue among many studies to consider ADD as an important variable in predicting stormwater discharge characteristics. In this study, we examined the accuracy of general linear regression models in predicting discharge characteristics of roadway runoff. A total of 17 storm events were monitored in two highway segments, located in Gwangju, Korea. Data from the monitoring were used to calibrate United States Environmental Protection Agency＇s Storm Water Management Model （SWMM）. The calibrated SWMM was simulated for 55 storm events, and the results of total suspended solid （TSS） discharge loads and event mean concentrations （EMC） were extracted. From these data, linear regression models were developed. R2 and p-values of the regression of ADD for both TSS loads and EMCs were investigated. Results showed that pollutant loads were better predicted than pollutant EMC in the multiple regression models. Regression may not provide the true effect of site-specific characteristics, due to uncertainty in the data.     

Effect of a high strength chemical industry wastewater on microbial community dynamics and mesophilic methane generation

A high strength chemical industry wastewater was assessed for its impact on anaerobic microbial com- munity dynamics and consequently mesophilic methane generation. Cumulative methane production was 251 mL/g total chemical oxygen demand removed at standard temperature and pressure at the end of 30 days experimental period with a highest recorded methane percentage of 80.6% of total biogas volume. Volatile fatty acids （VFAs） analysis revealed that acetic acid was the major intermediate VFAs produced with propionic acid accumulating over the experimental period. Quantitative analysis of microbial communities in the test and control groups with quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction highlighted that in the test group, Eubacteria （96.3%） was dominant in comparison with methanogens （3.7%）. The latter were dominated by Methanomicrobiales and Methanobacteriales while in test groups increased over the experimental period, reaching a maximum on day 30. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profile was performed, targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Eubacteria and Archaea, with the DNA samples extracted at 3 different time points from the test groups. A phylogenetic tree was constructed for the sequences using the neighborhood joining method. The analysis revealed that the presence of organisms resembling Syntrophomonadaceae could have contributed to increased production of acetic and propionic acid intermediates while decrease of organisms resembling Pelotomaculum sp. could have most likely contributed to accumulation of propionic acid. This study suggested that the degradation of organic components within the high strength industrial wastewater is closely linked with the activity of certain niche microbial communities within eubacteria and methanogens.     

探讨适用于河流沉积物重金属污染程度的评价方法

本文使用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法两种方法对同一区域五条河流的沉积物中重金属的测定结果进行了评价和比较,提出了将河流沉积物中重金属的监测纳入我国地表水常规监测的意见和建议.     

京津冀及周边地区低碳经济发展水平评价

随着应对全球气候变化进程的不断推进,“低碳经济”已逐渐成为世界各国实现经济社会可持续发展的必由之路.京津冀及周边地区社会经济发展较不平衡,整体推进低碳经济发展存在较大的困难,为有效促进低碳经济发展的策略选择,本文通过构建低碳经济发展水平评价指标体系,对京津冀及周边地区的低碳经济发展状况进行评价.结果显示,京津冀及周边地区低碳经济发展水平差异较大：北京低碳经济水平相对较高,其他地区距离低碳经济发展水平尚有较大差距.由此,京津冀及周边地区应根据地区经济发展特点及其低碳经济发展状况,采取不同的低碳发展策略选择,以有效推进低碳经济发展模式的顺利转型.     

焦化行业苯并芘排放量与厂界达标预测分析

论文以某100万吨/年焦化项目为例,分析其在不同地形和风速参数条件下苯并芘排放量,预测不同条件下距离焦炉炉体中心-1000～1000米范围内各网格点的苯并芘超标概率,最终得出风速、地形参数对苯并芘浓度超标概率的影响.     

灰色关联分析的季节性污水处理能耗评价研究

辽宁某污水处理厂采用A/O工艺处理生活污水,工艺运行中能源消耗较大,节能降耗是企业降低污水处理成本的重要环节。通过对该厂监测数据研究发现污水处理能源消耗与季节性因素关系密切。为制定合理的节能工艺运行策略,需要对该厂污水处理能耗状况进行季节性评价研究。文中在综合考虑污水处理能耗与环境因素、工艺运行参数和污水处理效果关系的基础上,选取与污水处理过程密切相关的16个季节性指标,利用各指标四季监测数据波动范围将其划分为3个等级标准,并运用灰色关联分析方法进行四季综合能耗等级评价分析。分析结果表明,目前污水处理厂的工艺运行设置状态更适合于夏季运行,春季和秋季运行状况较为合理,而冬季运行能源浪费较大,应调整运行参数设置,在尾水达标的前提下实现降低能耗的目标。