土地利用的生态规划：以天津市中心区为例

本文旨在建立一套适宜的城市土地利用生态规划的原则与方法，分析天津市区各种土地利用类型的生态适宜性；帮助当地决策者制定具体的生态对策，以促进城市的发展，改善居民的生活质量；为决策得因工业和居住区要而引起的环境问题提供一条新途径。     

The effects of land use and its patterns on soil properties in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau

Due to relatively strong human activities in the hilly area of Loess Plateau,the natural vegetation has been destroyed,and landscape pattern based on agricultural land matrix was land use mosaic composing of shrub land,grassland,woolland and orchard.This pattern has an important effect on soil moisture and soil nutrients.The Danangou catchment,a typical small catchment,was selected to study the effects of land use and its patterns on soil moisture and nutrients in this paper.The results are as follows:The comparisons of soil moisture among seven land uses for wet year and dry year were performed:(1)the average of soil moisture content for whole catchment was 12.11% in wet year,while it was 9.37% in dry year;(2)soil moisture among seven land uses was significantly different in dry year,but not in wet year;(3) form wet year to dry year,the profile type of soil moisture changed from decreasing type to fluctuation-type and from fluctuant type to increasing type;(4)the increasing trend in soil moisture from the top to foot of hillslope occurred in simple land use along slope,while complicated distribution of soil moisture was observed in multiple land uses along slope.The relationships between soil nutrients and land uses and landscape positions were analysed:(1)five nutrient contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total N(TN),available N(AN),total P(TP) and available P(AP) in hilly area were lower than that in other areas.SOM content was less than 1%,TN content less than 0.07%,and TP fallow land and cropland,and higher level in soil fertility was found in crop-fruit intercropping land among croplands;(3)soil nutrient distribution and responses to landscape positions were variable depending on slope and the location of land use types.     

上海城市化进程中河网水系演化及其对城市排水的影响

百年以前上海地区河网密布，但随着城市区域不断扩展，河流数量锐减，水质明显恶化，暴雨积水严重增加，从而给城市建设和管理带来严峻挑战。本利用遥感和GIS技术，剖析近50年来城市化过程中上海市河网水系演化特征及其与土地利用变化之间的耦合关系，探讨河网水系演化过程对城市排水的影响，即河流自然排水功能下降，径河系数增大等；最后提出尽量保留现有城市河道、完善泵站－管网系统等建议。为今后城市发展过程中水环境管理提供科学依据。     

改革开放以来我国粮食生产转型分析及展望

粮食生产转型是乡村生产体系演变的核心内容,以粮食生产转型研究为突破口能够清晰反映区域乡村人地关系的演化过程,为深化城乡融合发展和乡村转型发展研究提供新的视角。本文聚焦我国改革开放以来粮食生产转型历程,并尝试构建我国粮食生产转型的分析框架。研究发现,改革开放以来我国粮食生产转型呈现出“以粮为纲—农业结构调整—综合转型—城乡互动”四个差异化阶段特征。利用GL-RL模型,构建了我国粮食生产转型的分析框架。研究发现,改革开放以来我国粮食生产由Green Loop阶段演化到Red Loop阶段,粮食生产逐渐由本地生产融入到城乡生产网络,驱动粮食生产转型的扰动因素具有多时空尺度特征和跨尺度效应。城乡融合发展、乡村振兴战略、乡村人地关系协调和全球化等因素将会对未来粮食生产转型产生重要影响。此外,优化粮食生产转型与乡村转型发展的关系,将为保障粮食生产有序转型,完善乡村生产体系创造条件。     

中国首届SWAT国际高级研讨班举办消息

SWAT模型是美国农业部农业科学研究院（USDA—ARS）和美国德州农工大学（Texas A＆M University）联合开发的流域尺度模型，主要用于模拟地表水和地下水水质水量，预测土地管理措施对不同土壤类型、土地利用方式和管理条件的环境影响，在流域水土流失防治、非点源污染治理和区域环境管理等方面应用广泛。     

Ecological networks and greenways in Europe: reasoning and concepts

The paper gives an overview of approaches towards ecological networks throughout Europe.It does not intend to present a complete picture,but to highlight comon developments within countries and regions and show common principles and differences between countries and regions that have to be taken into account when developing a joint European intiative,Countries or regions that have not been included can be active in the same way ,but information was not accessible to be authors for different reasons.This overview shows the comparable trends in decline of landscapes and the diversity in approaches to biodiversity conservation and nature conservation planning.Understanding the differences and common issues are of utmost imprtance to generalise common principles and to understand the way neighbours and other European partners approach problems.     

污泥土地利用研究动向

随着污泥量的增长，污泥的处置越来越来受到人们的关注。污泥的土地利用具有良好的环境效益和经济效益。本文介绍了污泥土地利用及其对环境影响的国内外研究动向。     

城市污水污泥在森林与园林绿地的利用及展望

该文论述了城市污水污泥在森林与园林绿地的利用进展及其应注意的事项，并对今后我国开展污泥土地利用的前景进行了展望。